Open Public Health Journal最新文献

{"title":"Modeling of Risk Factors of Childhood Stunting Cases in Malang Regency using Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR)","authors":"Muhamad Anismuslim, H. Pramoedyo, S. Andarini, .. Sudarto","doi":"10.2174/18749445-v16-e230420-2022-165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18749445-v16-e230420-2022-165","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Stunting is one of the fundamental problems in Indonesia's human development, with complex risk factors such as inadequate environmental sanitation.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study aims to conduct an analysis and mapping of spatially correlated sanitation risks on the prevalence of stunting among toddlers in Malang Regency, Indonesia.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The field observations were conducted in 390 villages of urban and rural areas in Malang Regency. The secondary data of weighing toddlers in 2020 were collected from Malang Regency Health Office. The data included the identity of the residents and the history of the toddlers, while data from monthly program reports were collected from the Central Bureau of Statistics of Malang Regency. Furthermore, the study applied one and eight variables of Y and X. The Y variable was the number of stunting case toddlers, while X included the percentage of access to safe drinking water, percentage of access to permanent hygienic latrines, the topography of the region, percentage of Integrated Healthy Centre access, percentage of Exclusive Breastfeeding, Population density, ODF (Open Defecation Free) village and percentage of Integrated Healthy Centre Empowerment. Modeling the case of childhood stunting with the spatial regression method using Geographically Weighted Regression can be considered a sound approach.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The result showed that the distribution model of risk factors causing toddler stunting showed a spatial autocorrelation tendency with a clustered pattern in the area. The risk factors that were found to be spatially correlated with the incidence of stunting in children under five years of age in Malang district included access to proper drinking water (X1), access to latrines (X2), access to integrated health services (X3), exclusive breastfeeding coverage (X4), regional topography (X5), population density (X6), and empowerment of integrated health services (X8). However, the ODF (X7) did not show any correlation with stunting cases in the area.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Spatial diversity and geographic variation affect the distribution pattern of risk factors causing stunting in Malang Regency. Therefore, stunting control with specific and sensitive interventions should be based on regional and local characteristics.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38960,"journal":{"name":"Open Public Health Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46614870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Difference in Mouthwash Side Effects of Persica and Chlorhexidine for Preventing Ventilator-induced Pneumonia among Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit","authors":"F. H. Kiabi, A. Baradari, Alieh Zamani Kiasari, Mahdi Shahheidari","doi":"10.2174/18749445-v16-e230607-2022-134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18749445-v16-e230607-2022-134","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Pneumonia is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in ICU patients under mechanical ventilation. In recent years the use of herbal mouthwashes, due to antimicrobial effects and fewer side effects, has been studied in reducing the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). In this study, the effect of Persica mouthwash in the prevention of VAP in ICU patients was compared with chlorhexidine.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study is a double-blind, randomized clinical trial among ICU patients under mechanical ventilation. Fifty patients were divided into two groups, the control group used 10 ml Chlorhexidine 2.0%, and the intervention group used 10cc Persica as a mouthwash. The incidence of pneumonia, mortality, length of hospital stays, mechanical ventilation duration, CPIS (Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score), and SOFA (sequential organ failure assessment) score and complications were evaluated among the two groups.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The incidence of pneumonia, mortality, SOFA score, and CPIS in the two groups were not significantly different. Length of stay in the ICU and mechanical ventilation duration were also not significantly different in the two groups, p>0.05. Side effects with chlorhexidine were significantly more often than Persica (44% vs. 8%) p=0.008.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The incidence of early pneumonia in patients with no baseline pneumonia did not differ with Persica and Chlorhexidine mouthwash. At the same time, the incidence of side effects caused by the use of Persica was significantly less.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 RCT2017022032676N1.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38960,"journal":{"name":"Open Public Health Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45782372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Marriage and its Association with the Socioeconomic and Sociocultural Factors of Women in Sudan: A Predictive Model","authors":"A. Abdallah, Mohammed Omar Musa Mohammed, A. Mohamed","doi":"10.2174/18749445-v16-e230505-2022-167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18749445-v16-e230505-2022-167","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Early marriage is spreading in Sudan, like in most African countries. Early marriage is defined as any marriage that happens before the age of 18. Early marriage is a human rights violation and has a huge negative effect, especially on girls.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and determinants of socioeconomic and sociocultural factors associated with women's early marriage in Gezira state in Sudan.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study depended on primary data from Gezira state (2021). The study adopted the questionnaire as a tool for data collection. The questionnaire was designed to collect data on variables related the early marriage. The descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and logistic regression model were used to analyze the collected data.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The results revealed that the prevalence of early marriage among females in Gezira state was 54.9%, the prevalence of early marriage among rural areas was 57.3%, and there was a significant association between early marriage and unemployment. The result of the logistic regression model showed that there was a significant relationship between early marriage and the factors such as area, wealth index quantile, unemployment, and exposure to media. Whereas the model found an insignificant association between early marriage and the factors such as low financial condition leading to early marriage, early marriage is one of the signs of urbanization, immigrant cultures support early marriage, establishing a good maternal relationship between the child and the mother.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Early marriage is widespread in Gezira state, and it is associated with socioeconomic and sociocultural factors.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38960,"journal":{"name":"Open Public Health Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43905919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Tourism Prevalence among Western Balkans Citizens During the COVID-19 Pandemic Period","authors":"Drita Maljichi, Bernard Tahirbegolli, Driton Maljichi, Iliriana Alloqi Tahirbegolli, Troy E. Spier, Ahmed Kulanić, Irida Agolli Nasufi, Milica Kovač-Orlandić","doi":"10.2174/18749445-v16-e230510-2022-187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18749445-v16-e230510-2022-187","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study seeks to evaluate the prevalence of and the association between receiving medical care abroad and the level of trust that citizens from the Western Balkans—Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo and Montenegro—have in their healthcare systems. Methods: The study is cross-sectional and was carried out during three months (July 25-October 30, 2021) through a self-reported questionnaire administered through the Google Forms platform. The study included approximately two-thousand citizens (N=2,356) aged eighteen (18) to seventy (70). Results: More than one-third (37.2%) of respondents stated that they or a relative had received healthcare services abroad during the last twelve (12) months. Citizens of Montenegro had the highest prevalence of receiving healthcare services abroad at 43.8%, followed by those from Bosnia and Herzegovina at 39%. No statistically significant difference was found in the level of trust in the healthcare system in the country between those who received healthcare services abroad (4.41±2.88) (out of 10) and those who did not (4.48±2.81) (t= -0.587, p=0.557). Conclusion: We ultimately conclude that more than one-third of the participants in our study have traveled abroad for healthcare purposes, with females, those living in urban areas, and those who have previously had a negative healthcare experience in their home country all being more likely to rely on health tourism.","PeriodicalId":38960,"journal":{"name":"Open Public Health Journal","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135389203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clean Water, Housing Condition, and Diarrhea among Children under Five Years Old in Indonesia: Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM)","authors":"I. Siramaneerat, F. Agushybana","doi":"10.2174/18749445-v16-e230505-2022-109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18749445-v16-e230505-2022-109","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Diarrhea is still a challenging health problem for children under five years of age in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the effect, either direct or indirect, of child characteristics, family characteristics, drinking water sources and housing conditions on diarrhea in Indonesia.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Children under five years old were selected from the total samples used in the Indonesia Demography and Health Survey (IDHS)in 2017. The research samples accounted for 17,263 children chosen for further investigation. Multiple regression logistics and PLS-SEM tests were employed to analyze the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The logistic analysis yielded results that family wealth, toilet, walls, floor of the house, and location of the houses significantly influenced the access to clean water sources. Moreover, child’s gender, age, family wealth, floor of the house, and location were significantly associated with the prevalence of diarrhea. Obtained from Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis, results found that wealth had the highest path coefficient of 0.324, indicating a high effect on diarrhea rates. The contribution of the residence to housing (β = 0.035) and water (β = 0.204) to diarrhea incidence was of positive significance, while water and diarrhea were statistically negative in contributing to diarrhea incidence (β =-0.019). In addition, residence and wealth on water and diarrhea had a partial mediator effect (β = -0.004 and -0.004, respectively).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Our findings suggest that the accessibility to clean water source was an intervening variable that plays an important role in diarrhea cases in Indonesia. Besides, wealth and residence influenced the prevalence of diarrhea.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38960,"journal":{"name":"Open Public Health Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44139648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strengthening Communication: A Strategy to Increase Community Satisfaction in Stunting Services in Indonesia","authors":"Hasan Sazali, T. Utami, Chuzaimah Batubara, Noor Azizah, S. Susilawati, Muhammad Irwan Padli Nasution, Muhammad Syukri Albani Nasution, Seva Maya Sari, Rafnitul Hasanah Harahap","doi":"10.2174/18749445-v16-2306070-2022-184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18749445-v16-2306070-2022-184","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The Indonesian government has prioritized stunting management programs, but until 2022 the prevalence of stunting is still high.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The purpose of this research is to develop a strategy to increase community satisfaction with stunting services oriented toward strengthening communication.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This is a cross-sectional design research with data collected from a sample population of 298 mothers who have stunted children through a survey and analyzed using path analysis with SEM-PLS.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The result showed that communication affects stunting service facilities and sanitation management with a P-value of 0.000, respectively. Communication does not directly affect stunting service satisfaction, it is moderated by the variables of facilities and sanitation, which play a role in strengthening or weakening the effect of stunting service satisfaction. An essential factor that can be used to produce optimal stunting service satisfaction is strengthening communication.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Strengthening communication between regional institutions at the Regency level synergistically supports the provision of the required facilities, thereby increasing community satisfaction. Furthermore, strengthening cross-sectoral communication synergistically in managing environmental sanitation supports stunting service programs. This research contributes to the government's emphasis on stunting service policies to strengthen communication between service providers and cross-sectoral communication.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38960,"journal":{"name":"Open Public Health Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45183295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Correlation between Age, Fat Intake, and Visceral Fat and Body Mass Index at the Gym","authors":"Sunarto Kadir, Yasir Mokodompis","doi":"10.2174/18749445-v16-230427-2023-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18749445-v16-230427-2023-31","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 This study aimed to investigate the correlation between age, fat intake, visceral fat, and body mass index (BMI) of gym members.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A cross-sectional approach was employed with a sample of 87 respondents. Primary data were obtained from three different gyms, while secondary data was obtained from gym owners. A questionnaire was used as the research instrument, and the Chi Square test was used for data analysis.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The majority of respondents had a higher fat intake than recommended, and most had high levels of visceral fat. In terms of BMI, the majority were classified as either overweight or obese. Bivariate analysis showed significant correlations between age, fat intake, and visceral fat with BMI among gym members.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study found that age, fat intake, and visceral fat were significantly correlated with BMI among gym members. The findings suggest the importance of promoting healthy dietary habits and exercise among gym members, particularly those older or with high visceral fat levels.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38960,"journal":{"name":"Open Public Health Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49325403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional Status, Anemia and Eating Behavior among Children with Elevated Blood Lead Levels in a Primary Health Care of Peru","authors":"J. Morales, Elizabeth María Yovera-Sandoval, Marlene Raquel Basilio-Rojas","doi":"10.2174/18749445-v16-230403-2022-197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18749445-v16-230403-2022-197","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Malnutrition, anemia, and lead exposure are important public health problems.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To assess nutritional status, anemia, and eating habits and their relationship to elevated blood lead levels in children.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Descriptive study conducted with data from children evaluated in a district of Callao, Peru. The variables studied were: nutritional status, based on anthropometric measurements; anemia, determined by blood hemoglobin concentration; dietary habits, evaluated by the 24-hour dietary recall method and food consumption frequency; and blood lead, determined by LeadCare II analyzer.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A total of 425 children participated, with a median age of 6 years (IQR=5; Q3=9, Q1=4), 52.2% (n=222) were female and 71.3% (n=303) had blood lead level (BLL) ≥5μg/dL. Among children with BLL ≥5 μg/dL, 11.6% (n=35) presented poor nutritional status, 9.9% (n=30) had anemia, and 63% (n=191) had inadequate eating habits. Of the children with inadequate eating habits, 17.4% (n=47) had poor nutritional status and 15.9% (n=43) had anemia, compared to children with adequate eating habits (p<0.001). In children with BLL ≥5 μg/dL, the children's median hemoglobin, body weight, and height were 12.2 g/dL, 21.6 Kg, and 114.8 cm, respectively; while in those with Pb levels <5 μg/dL it was 12.5 g/dL, 29 Kg and 126.55 cm, respectively (p<0.05).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Nutritional status, anemia, and eating habits did not differ according to BLL; however, lower median hemoglobin, weight, and height were found in children with elevated lead levels. Children with subnormal nutritional status and children with anemia presented a shorter time to reach elevated blood lead levels.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38960,"journal":{"name":"Open Public Health Journal","volume":"17 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41301039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Tourism Prevalence among Western Balkans Citizens During the COVID-19 Pandemic Period","authors":"Drita Maljichi, Bernard Tahirbegolli, Driton Maljichi, Iliriana Alloqi Tahirbegolli, Troy E. Spier, Ahmed Kulanić, Irida Agolli Nasufi, Milica Kovač-Orlandić","doi":"10.2174/18749445-v16-e230420-2022-187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18749445-v16-e230420-2022-187","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 This study seeks to evaluate the prevalence of and the association between receiving medical care abroad and the level of trust that citizens from the Western Balkans—Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo and Montenegro—have in their healthcare systems.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study is cross-sectional and was carried out during three months (July 25-October 30, 2021) through a self-reported questionnaire administered through the Google Forms platform. The study included approximately two-thousand citizens (N=2,356) aged eighteen (18) to seventy (70).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 More than one-third (37.2%) of respondents stated that they or a relative had received healthcare services abroad during the last twelve (12) months. Citizens of Montenegro had the highest prevalence of receiving healthcare services abroad at 43.8%, followed by those from Bosnia and Herzegovina at 39%. No statistically significant difference was found in the level of trust in the healthcare system in the country between those who received healthcare services abroad (4.41±2.88) (out of 10) and those who did not (4.48±2.81) (t= -0.587, p=0.557).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We ultimately conclude that more than one-third of the participants in our study have traveled abroad for healthcare purposes, with females, those living in urban areas, and those who have previously had a negative healthcare experience in their home country all being more likely to rely on health tourism.\u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":38960,"journal":{"name":"Open Public Health Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48541451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Influencing the Preference for Homes as the Location for Long-term Care in the Japanese Population","authors":"Shigekazu Ukawa, Yusuke Kato, Yonggeun Lee, K. Ohara, Kazuhiko Mori","doi":"10.2174/18749445-v16-e230419-2022-178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/18749445-v16-e230419-2022-178","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to investigate the factors for preferring homes as the location to receive long-term care in community-dwelling populations.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A total of 4,113 individuals with a response rate of 36.7% from four areas in Japan were analyzed. All information was obtained from a questionnaire survey conducted in 2019. We used negative binominal regression modeling with adjustments for areas to calculate the prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the preference of long-term home care about factors. All missing values were input using multiple imputations.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The results show that the prevalence of preferring homes as the location for receiving long-term care was 73.4%. Being employed (PR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.00–1.09), living with others (PR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.05–1.19), feeling satisfied with the environment of nursing care in residential areas (PR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.00–1.10), feeling satisfied with the natural surroundings in the community (PR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.07–1.31), the presence of people in the community who can be consulted about problems (PR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.00–1.10), and the presence of close friends in the community (PR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.03–1.15) were significantly associated with the preference for long-term home care.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We suggest that municipalities should consider these social and interpersonal associations to support older residents’ preference of receiving home care services.\u0000","PeriodicalId":38960,"journal":{"name":"Open Public Health Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49104967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}