Urology and Andrology – Open Journal最新文献

{"title":"Determination of Circulating Tumor Cells by Flow Cytometry in the Bladder Cancer Patients","authors":"E. Ercan, Ender Şimşek, O. O. Guler, A. Canda, A. Atmaca, A. Carhan","doi":"10.17140/UAOJ-2-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/UAOJ-2-115","url":null,"abstract":"Background The current study aimed to detect of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in 7.5 mL blood sample in bladder cancer patients treated with transurethral resection (TUR) or radical cystectomy (RC) and compare the pre-operative and post-operative CTC counts. Materials and Methods CTCs were detected in peripheral blood of 10 bladder cancer patients with flow cytometry using biomarkers EpCAM, CK 14, 15, 16, 19 and CK 7, 8 for positive selection and CD45 for negative selection. The blood samples obtained before and after operation were studied in 5 out of 10 patients. Results The CTC counts decreased significantly in patients (Z=2.032; p=0.042) after the operation. The pre-operative CTC counts for the patient group were found to be significantly higher than the control group. No CTCs were detected in the control group. Conclusion The results are promising in terms of CTC detection in bladder cancer (Bca) by flow cytometry. Preand post-operative CTC counts as predictive and prognostic biomarker dramatically change in this study.","PeriodicalId":388500,"journal":{"name":"Urology and Andrology – Open Journal","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124693981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes in Patients with Testicular Maldescent and Germ Cell Neoplasia: A Retrospective Assessment and Review of the Literature","authors":"Jeffrey A Jones, Christopher Hobaugh, D. Salvas, R. M. Bennett, G. Godoy, J. Donohue","doi":"10.17140/UAOJ-2-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/UAOJ-2-113","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Cryptorchidism is not an uncommon problem in young males, yet the ideal management of the undescended testes (UDT) is not clear-cut. Multiple issues influence the patient-physician decision process regarding treatment including fertility, hormone-production, cosmesis and the risk of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT's). Methods A retrospective review of 2204 men presenting to Indiana University Medical Center or Baylor College of Medicine affiliated hospitals with TGCT during a 20 year period was conducted, and individuals with a history of UDT were identified. Clinical outcomes of the 94 men with UDT and TGCT who did, and did not, undergo orchidopexy were compared. Statistical analysis included chi-square, Fischer’s exact test and confidence intervals. Results Of the 94 patients identified with UDT and TGCT, 87 had a complete evaluable dataset. Fifty-two patients out of the 87 had tumors ipsilateral to the UDT (in the previously undescended testicle). Forty-nine of the 52 patients with UDT (94%) were corrected by orchidopexy at ages ranging from one to twentysix. Of the 49 orchidopexies in the ipsilateral tumor group, 48 (98%) were successful and 1 failed. Two patients had spontaneous testicular descent and 2 patients had descent with hormonal therapy. Ten patients had no treatment. The average interval from the time of UDT diagnosis and the development of GCT ipsilateral to the previously UDT was 18 years. Twenty-four patients had tumors contralateral to the UDT. 54.1%(13/24) with tumors developing in the contralateral testes had successful orchidopexy at an average age of 7 years. Of the remaining 11 of 24, four patients had contralateral orchiectomy at the time of treatment of the UDT. Exploration was conducted and no tissue identified in 3. Two patients had spontaneous descent. Two patients had no treatment. The average time interval from diagnosis of UDT to the diagnosis of GCT was 22 years. A much greater percentage of patients developed tumors in the previously undescended testicle if the orchidopexy was performed after the age of 10 years. Performing orchidopexy prior to the age of 5 years, however, did not protect the testes from the development of cancer. There is no statistical difference between the groups with ipsilateral and contralateral tumors with respect to age at tumor presentation or the time interval from orchidopexy to tumor diagnosis. Sixty-three percent of patients with tumors developing in untreated testes or testes suffering from failed orchidopexies, presented with advanced disease (B3 or C), compared with 43% of patients with treated UDT’s and 34% of patients with tumors developing in descended testes contralateral to UDT’s, an odds ratio of 2.39, but not statistically significant. The mortality for patients who had untreated or failed orchidopexies, 27%(3/11) was 4.5 times higher than those with successful orchidopexies 8% (4/52), p=0.06 at 95% confidence limit, or 3.3 times higher than for patients with","PeriodicalId":388500,"journal":{"name":"Urology and Andrology – Open Journal","volume":"7 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125070678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pelvic Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM) in Male Patient Presented as Perineal Pain: A Case Report and Review of Literature","authors":"F. Ku, C. Lin, Hsiao-Yu Lin","doi":"10.17140/UAOJ-2-111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/UAOJ-2-111","url":null,"abstract":"A malformations (AVMs) are abnormal shunting between arteries and veins. It occurs mostly in head, neck, and lung. On the other hand, pelvic AVM is relatively rare, especially in male patients. The symptom of pelvic AVM in man varied among patients, and there is no sufficient evidence to guide the diagnosis and treatment. Transrectal ultrasonography is used in the routine evaluation of prostate enlargement and could also be utilized to rule out the disease. The usefulness of computed tomography (CT) and angiography for in-depth evaluation of AVM has been recognized.1 Treatment choices include surgical resection and selective embolization. However, there is no evidence to support the superiority of one over another. We presented a male patient with congenital pelvic AVM who complaint about perineal pain. We also discuss the use of image studies to evaluate the disease and the selection of different treatment choices.","PeriodicalId":388500,"journal":{"name":"Urology and Andrology – Open Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134183734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}