International Journal of Plant Biology最新文献_第4页

Analysis of the Time Course of the Establishment of Systemic Gene Silencing by Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus Virus-Induced Gene Silencing in Wheat 大麦条纹花叶病毒病毒诱导的小麦系统基因沉默的时间过程分析

International Journal of Plant Biology Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.3390/ijpb15010011

Anshu Garg, Amanda S. Brandt, Steven R. Scofield

{"title":"Analysis of the Time Course of the Establishment of Systemic Gene Silencing by Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus Virus-Induced Gene Silencing in Wheat","authors":"Anshu Garg, Amanda S. Brandt, Steven R. Scofield","doi":"10.3390/ijpb15010011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijpb15010011","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat is one of the major sources of protein worldwide. Its hexaploidy significantly complicates the identification of genes that may be crucial for improving wheat production to meet the challenges of an increased world population and climate change. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) using Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-based constructs has proven to be a very useful tool in the analysis of gene function in the hexaploid plant, wheat. However, most published applications of this technique focus on phenotypes that can be observed in the leaves of wheat. A few studies have reported successful VIGS in the spikes of wheat, but this has proven to be more difficult than the seedling leaf assays. This study reports a time course analysis of the movement of BSMV from the site of inoculation into the meristematic region of wheat. It also describes how the photobleaching phenotype resulting from silencing phytoene desaturase (PDS), which is often used as a reporter for VIGS, does not indicate the full extent of where VIGS occurs, and this can mislead scientists as they design silencing studies. These findings provide guidance for more effective VIGS studies to determine the function of genes expressed in the spikes of wheat and may be important for wheat improvement.","PeriodicalId":38827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant Biology","volume":"507 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139839226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Herbicides on Forage Dry Matter Yield and Plant Density in the Old Arable Lands in Communal Area of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa 除草剂对南非东开普省公社地区老耕地牧草干物质产量和植物密度的影响

International Journal of Plant Biology Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.3390/ijpb15010010

Wandile Mashece, S. T. Beyene, M. Mndela, Gideon Jordaan, U. Gulwa, S. Tokozwayo

{"title":"Effect of Herbicides on Forage Dry Matter Yield and Plant Density in the Old Arable Lands in Communal Area of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa","authors":"Wandile Mashece, S. T. Beyene, M. Mndela, Gideon Jordaan, U. Gulwa, S. Tokozwayo","doi":"10.3390/ijpb15010010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijpb15010010","url":null,"abstract":"With the world’s population growing at an alarming rate, there is an urgent need to improve food security. This study aimed to assess forage dry matter yield and plant density under different herbicide treatments at Kubedlana arable lands. The study was carried out using eight treatments consisting of seven herbicide treatments and a control. Seed mixtures of seven legume species were broadcasted in 24 plots of 3 m × 5 m size. Herbicide treatments including Bendioxide (BEN), Glyphosate (GLY), Haloxyfop-R methyl (HAL), Haloxyfop-R methyl and Bendioxide (HBE), Paraquat (PAR), Bendioxide (BRR), and Paraquat (PRR) were applied individually in three plots. Dry matter production and plant densities were determined in five randomly distributed 0.25 m2 quadrats per plot. The results revealed that GLY had a significantly (p < 0.05) higher effect on the DM yield compared with other treatments. Both BRR and HBE significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the DM yield. GLY and HBE significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the grass density in 2017 and BRR significantly affected (p < 0.05) the legume density in May 2017 and May 2018, respectively. These results indicate that the application of GlY and HAL resulted in the reduction of grass density. Furthermore, none of the applied chemicals negatively influenced the legume density.","PeriodicalId":38827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant Biology","volume":"32 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140489261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

LeafArea Package: A Tool for Estimating Leaf Area in Andean Fruit Species 叶面积软件包：安第斯水果物种叶面积估算工具

International Journal of Plant Biology Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.3390/ijpb15010009

P. A. Velasquez-Vasconez, Danita Andrade Díaz

引用次数: 0

The Response of Botrytis cinerea to Fire in a Coast Redwood Forest 海岸红杉林中的灰葡萄孢菌对火灾的反应

International Journal of Plant Biology Pub Date : 2024-01-24 DOI: 10.3390/ijpb15010008

Damiana S. Rojas, G. Gilbert

{"title":"The Response of Botrytis cinerea to Fire in a Coast Redwood Forest","authors":"Damiana S. Rojas, G. Gilbert","doi":"10.3390/ijpb15010008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijpb15010008","url":null,"abstract":"Coast redwoods (Sequoia sempervirens) are long-lived trees that create deep shade and litter layers, and have limited recruitment from seedlings. Botrytis cinerea is an airborne fungal pathogen that attacks redwood seedlings. B. cinerea lives as a saprotroph in dead plant matter or as a necrotroph in live tissue. In the coast redwood forest, accumulated leaf litter may provide inoculum for subsequent infections, limiting redwood seedling recruitment. Here, we examine the response of B. cinerea to fire in the coast redwood forest. We measured the abundance of airborne B. cinerea spores in paired burned and unburned plots using a selective and diagnostic medium. In a greenhouse experiment, we grew seedlings in four different treatments: (1) burned soil with no leaf litter, (2) unburned soil with no leaf litter, (3) burned soil with leaf litter collected from the burn plot, (4) unburned soil with leaf litter collected from the unburned plot. Spore trapping showed no difference in the abundance of airborne spores in the paired plots. The seedling experiment showed that disease was greatest and survival lowest when grown in burned soil; leaf litter collected from burned plots reduced survival while leaf litter from not-burned plots increased survival. These results indicate that fire did not affect airborne B. cinerea and post-fire conditions did not provide favorable growth conditions for coast redwood seedlings.","PeriodicalId":38827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant Biology","volume":"21 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139600305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiple Foliar Fungal Disease Management in Tomatoes: A Comprehensive Approach 番茄多种叶面真菌病害防治：综合方法

International Journal of Plant Biology Pub Date : 2024-01-23 DOI: 10.3390/ijpb15010007

Dilip R. Panthee, Anju Pandey, Rajan Paudel

引用次数: 0

Experimental Botany: Anatomical and Morphological Approaches for Biotechnology and Nature Protection 实验植物学：用于生物技术和自然保护的解剖学和形态学方法

International Journal of Plant Biology Pub Date : 2024-01-23 DOI: 10.3390/ijpb15010006

Ekaterina N Baranova

引用次数: 0

Propagation of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) Using Cross-Cuttings under a Controlled Environment 在可控环境下利用交叉插条繁殖藏红花（Crocus sativus L.）

International Journal of Plant Biology Pub Date : 2024-01-20 DOI: 10.3390/ijpb15010005

Soumaya El Merzougui, I. Boudadi, Khadija Lachguer, David G. Beleski, K. Lagram, Mohamed Lachheb, Mohamed Ben El Caid, Vania M. Pereira, P. Nongdam, M. Serghini, W. Vendrame

{"title":"Propagation of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) Using Cross-Cuttings under a Controlled Environment","authors":"Soumaya El Merzougui, I. Boudadi, Khadija Lachguer, David G. Beleski, K. Lagram, Mohamed Lachheb, Mohamed Ben El Caid, Vania M. Pereira, P. Nongdam, M. Serghini, W. Vendrame","doi":"10.3390/ijpb15010005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijpb15010005","url":null,"abstract":"Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is a valuable geophyte plant and one of the most expensive spices in the world. Recently, the demand for saffron spice has increased in worldwide markets owing to its enormous application and value. However, the production of saffron is limited by the vegetative propagation technique and the limited number of high-quality corms planted. Furthermore, climatic changes, notably increasing temperatures, negatively influence saffron multiplication and growth. Thus, it is important to develop alternative cultivation and propagation techniques for saffron under a controlled environment, which could ensure an increase in saffron yield and avoid the negative impact of climatic changes. The present study aimed to develop an alternative method for vegetative propagation of Crocus sativus under controlled conditions. The effect of different cross-cuttings, including basal cuttings (BCs) and top-to-bottom cuttings (CTBs), was evaluated on shoot, leaf, flower, and daughter corm production. All the growth parameters examined were influenced by the cutting treatment applied. The results showed that the highest number of shoots formed was obtained by BCs and CTBs, with an average of 6.68 and 5.47 shoots per corm, respectively, compared to the control with an average of 2.70 shoots per corm. The cutting treatment positively affected the formation of daughter corms in which, the high mean number of corms recorded was obtained by the BC treatment. Meanwhile, the lower size of the daughter corms was obtained after the cross-cutting treatment. This is the first report that provides an alternative propagation for saffron using a controlled environment, which could help to improve the production of saffron.","PeriodicalId":38827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant Biology","volume":"80 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139611212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The tgd5 Mutation Affects Plastid Structure and Causes Giant Lipid Droplet Formation in Trichomes of Arabidopsis tgd5 突变影响拟南芥的质体结构并导致毛状体中巨型脂滴的形成

International Journal of Plant Biology Pub Date : 2024-01-09 DOI: 10.3390/ijpb15010004

Kanae Matsuoka, Hiroko Kubotera, Rina Miyazaki, Shota Moriyama, M. Fujiwara, Ryuuichi D. Itoh

{"title":"The tgd5 Mutation Affects Plastid Structure and Causes Giant Lipid Droplet Formation in Trichomes of Arabidopsis","authors":"Kanae Matsuoka, Hiroko Kubotera, Rina Miyazaki, Shota Moriyama, M. Fujiwara, Ryuuichi D. Itoh","doi":"10.3390/ijpb15010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijpb15010004","url":null,"abstract":"Trichomes, epidermal protrusions in terrestrial plants, play diverse roles in plant defense, metabolism, and development. Arabidopsis thaliana, a model plant with single-celled and non-glandular trichomes, is a valuable system for studying cell differentiation in plants. However, organelle biology in Arabidopsis trichomes is relatively underexplored. Using light and transmission electron microscopy, we investigated the phenotypes of intracellular structures in Arabidopsis trichomes caused by tgd5 mutations, which are known to disrupt lipid transfer from the endoplasmic reticulum to plastids and have a large impact on chloroplast morphology in pavement and guard cells. Significant phenotypic changes in the plastid structure were observed in tgd5 trichome cells, including the absence of plastoglobuli, the emergence of clusters of electron-dense particles in the stroma, and the possibly cup-shaped morphology of plastids. Additionally, the tgd5 mutations triggered the formation of giant, up to 15 µm in diameter, neutral lipid-containing droplets in the trichome cells, as revealed using histochemical staining with lipophilic dyes. These lipid droplets were substantially larger and more frequent in trichome cells than in other types of cells in tgd5. These findings highlight the role of TGD5 in maintaining plastid structure and implicate the unique activity of lipid metabolism in Arabidopsis trichomes.","PeriodicalId":38827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant Biology","volume":"64 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139445140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Germination and Vegetative Propagation of the Wild Species Cuphea pulchra Moric. (Lythraceae), a Potential Ornamental Crop 野生物种 Cuphea pulchra Moric.(一种潜在的观赏作物

International Journal of Plant Biology Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.3390/ijpb15010003

Ana Luísa Corsino, D. Alves-da-Silva, Luis Alberto M. Palhares-Melo, T. B. Cavalcanti

引用次数: 0

Prospection of Nematotoxic Aqueous Seeds Extracts Derived from the Preserved Arachis (Fabaceae) Germplasm Bank 从保存的天南星（豆科）种质库中提取线虫毒性种子水提取物的研究

International Journal of Plant Biology Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.3390/ijpb15010001

Bruna Nascimento, Cristiane Brauna, Paula Ferreira, Luis Melo, Paulo Ferreira, Thales Rocha

{"title":"Prospection of Nematotoxic Aqueous Seeds Extracts Derived from the Preserved Arachis (Fabaceae) Germplasm Bank","authors":"Bruna Nascimento, Cristiane Brauna, Paula Ferreira, Luis Melo, Paulo Ferreira, Thales Rocha","doi":"10.3390/ijpb15010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ijpb15010001","url":null,"abstract":"Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) are the most damaging plant pathogens all over the world. Root-knot nematodes (RKNs), considered the most important phytonematodes globally, cause significant agricultural losses. Despite the availability of various strategies to manage these pathogenic agents, excessive use of nematicides poses a threat to human health and the environment. Compounds derived from plant sources are proposed as an alternative to new biocides, potentially offering advantages over synthetic components. Several species within the Fabaceae family, including those within the Arachis genus, have demonstrated potential as sources of nematotoxic compounds. As part of a research program aimed at exploring bioactive compounds and valorizing germplasm banks, this study evaluated the nematicidal and nematostatic effects of aqueous crude extracts (ACEs) obtained from nine Arachis species sourced from the Embrapa Active Germplasm Bank against M. incognita’s second-stage juveniles (J2). The results indicate that Arachis stenosperma (ACE1) has promising nematocidal potential, with effectiveness exceeding 95% on dead nematodes for doses above 0.5 mg/mL. ACE1 has also demonstrated thermostability and lower harmful effects on bovine cells. This research provides a fresh outlook on the promising use of preserved germplasms to enhance Germplasm Storage Bank’s value, given the underexplored potential of these biological assets.","PeriodicalId":38827,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant Biology","volume":" August","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138960462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0