{"title":"Draft Companies (Corporate Social Responsibility Policy) Amendment Rules, 2020: An Analysis","authors":"Aseem Sahni","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3710782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3710782","url":null,"abstract":"The said article discusses and provides a brief analysis of the proposed changes to the (Indian) Companies (Corporate Social Responsibility Policy) Rules, 2014) (\"Current Rules\"), proposed to be introduced in light of the Draft Companies (Corporate Social Responsibility Policy) Amendment Rules, 2020 (\"Draft Rules\").","PeriodicalId":388011,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133320071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Job Satisfaction, Firm Performance and CSR","authors":"H. Bao","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3583984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3583984","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose - The study proposes and empirically tests four hypotheses: the firm and CEO characteristics have a relationship with employees’ job satisfaction / the firm performance is correlated with job satisfaction/ the CSR rating is associated with employee satisfaction / the employee satisfaction is associated with CSR ratings. \u0000 \u0000Design/methodology/approach - Hypotheses were all tested through both linear regression and logistic regression analyses, using data from Wharton Research Data Services (WRDS). \u0000 \u0000Findings – The result of this study provides the evidence that the firm characteristics are important factors that affect employee satisfaction and job satisfaction is positively correlated with the firm performance. Moreover, when job satisfaction increases, the CSR rating will increase. However, when the CSR rating increases, the impact of job satisfaction depends on the variable we used to measure the job satisfaction. \u0000 \u0000Practical implications – The finding of this paper can be used in human resources management and understanding the impact of CSR on employee satisfaction is relevant to corporate performance. \u0000Key word - Corporate social Responsibility Rating/ Employees’ benefits/ Firm Performance/ Job satisfaction","PeriodicalId":388011,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134402763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Credit Ratings in the Age of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG)","authors":"Ruoke Yang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3595376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3595376","url":null,"abstract":"I present the first study that systematically examines the implications of ESG adoption by credit rating agencies. I find that, with a recent move by Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s towards incorporating ESG issues into their analysis, credit ratings positively reflect firms with lower carbon emissions and better social ratings. Despite the recognition of such issues by credit rating agencies, I discover no consistent evidence of improvement in the informational quality of credit ratings. This is concerning as the stated purpose of ESG adoption is to enhance their assessment of credit risk.","PeriodicalId":388011,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116264493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reducing Product Expiration by Aligning Salesforce Incentives: A Data-driven Approach","authors":"A. Akkas, Nachiketa Sahoo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3040368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3040368","url":null,"abstract":"Product expirations at retail stores erode profits and burden the environment. We investigate whether manufacturers can leverage salesforce compensation design as a waste-reduction tool.<br><br>We propose a data-driven framework that uses structural econometric modeling and agency theory. Our analysis starts with a game theoretic model in which a salesperson interacts with a manufacturer that reimburses retailers and penalizes its own salesforce for expired products. We then use our model’s equilibrium outcome to estimate factors that determine the effort exerted by the sales representatives of a consumer- packaged-goods manufacturer. We first show theoretically that a manufacturer can simultaneously increase profits and reduce waste by increasing its sales representatives’ penalty for product expiration that occurs at the retailer. Based on this, we formulate a manufacturer’s profit maximization problem to compute optimum expiration penalties. Solving this problem for the manufacturer, we find the potential to simultaneously reduce waste and improve profits for 14% of the product-market combinations in our dataset. For these cases, we find that charging the salesperson 2.1 times the commission (on average) for each expired unit can increase the manufacturer’s profits by 0.58% and reduce waste by 23.3%.<br><br>This study determines that a profit-seeking manufacturer can reduce waste at retailers by optimizing its salesforce incentive structure. Our work bridges the salesforce compensation and sustainable opera- tions literatures. Further, our framework allows consumer-packaged-goods manufacturers to identify win-win opportunities for the environment and their bottom line.","PeriodicalId":388011,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116935410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Webs of Influence: Secondary Stakeholder Actions and Cross-National Corporate Social Performance","authors":"Kate Odziemkowska, Witold J. Henisz","doi":"10.1287/orsc.2020.1380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2020.1380","url":null,"abstract":"We analyze the relationship between the actions and interactions of secondary stakeholders with an interest in corporate social performance (CSP) and variation in firm-level CSP across countries. O...","PeriodicalId":388011,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115728099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Board Duties: Monitoring, Risk Management, and Compliance","authors":"Virginia E. Harper Ho","doi":"10.4337/9781788975339.00021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788975339.00021","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter looks at the role of corporate boards in risk oversight, risk management, and compliance through a comparative lens, drawing on examples from international guidance and diverse legal systems, primarily, the United States, the United Kingdom, leading European jurisdictions, and China.<br><br>It argues that given the complexity of modern corporations and of the risk environments in which they are situated, fiduciary duties and corporate boards themselves must be understood in relation to the transnational networks of inter-related actors, regulatory regimes, and other institutions that impact how boards carry out their monitoring role.<br><br>This chapter outlines the basic mechanisms of risk oversight, risk management, and compliance in various jurisdictions; discusses diverse conceptions of fiduciary duty and their limits; and considers the challenges and complexity of risk oversight and risk management, particularly with respect to emerging risk. It concludes by identifying key sources of corporate risk oversight that inform and complement corporate boards' role.","PeriodicalId":388011,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131058398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gangmastering Passata: Multi-Territoriality of the Food System and the Legal Construction of Cheap Labour Behind the Globalized Italian Tomato","authors":"Tomaso Ferrando","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3535494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3535494","url":null,"abstract":"Italy is the second producer of tomatoes in the world after the United States, and it is often considered the homeland of this food. Yet, the Italian tomato is much more than Italian. If one considers the people, geography, regulations and history behind the ‘golden pome’ (pomo-d’oro in Italian), there is no other conclusion that it is inherently local and global. In the last years, the Italian tomato Italian sector has been under scrutiny for the reliance on exploited labour, egregious living conditions and the role of organized crime in trading human beings as any other commodity (gangmastering, or ‘caporalato’). By embedding the Italian industrial tomato into a critical and multi-territorial legal approach to the food system, my contribution aims to offer a different perspective on the illegal action of labour intermediation as one of the most discussed issues surrounding the production of Italian tomatoes. Rather than presenting exploitation and caporalato as exceptions, the paper analyses them through the lenses of trade law, competition law and migration law as more appropriate lenses to understand the role of cheap labour in the construction of the global Italian tomato. If that is the case, legal interventions cannot be local and specific, but must be systemic, multi-layered and, therefore, based on dialogue and solidarity among workers, lawyers, activists and academics across the whole tomato chain.","PeriodicalId":388011,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115597444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Potential Value-Added of a Multilateral Framework on Investment Facilitation for Development","authors":"K. Sauvant","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.3399250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3399250","url":null,"abstract":"This article argues that investment facilitation needs to be seen in the context of the principal FDI determinants and, in particular, the all-important economic determinants. Beyond that, when negotiating a multilateral framework on investment facilitation for development, it is crucial to (1) give full attention to the development dimension of investment facilitation, by promoting sustainable FDI for sustainable development; (2) establish an inventory and benchmark of good practices regarding investment facilitation, with ground-level input by practitioners;(3)keep in mind that the framework can help domestic reforms; (4) require transparency for home country measures and investors’ corporate social responsibility commitments; and (5) ensure that the framework provides for technical assistance to developing countries (and especially the least developed among them) for negotiating and implementing such a framework. Developing countries in particular need to seek to advance these issues. If substantial progress toward an explicit development dimension can be made (or, at a minimum, some of these issues can become part of a firm built-in agenda for future negotiations), a multilateral framework on investment facilitation for development would create a value-adding instrument in the FDI tool-box that is currently available in the international investment area.","PeriodicalId":388011,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133850657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corporate Social Reporting and Assurance: The State of the Art","authors":"Isabel‐María García‐Sánchez","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3588470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3588470","url":null,"abstract":"Este trabajo realiza una revisión de la literatura sobre verificación y divulgación de información sobre responsabilidad social corporativa basada en 320 artículos en las 36 revistas principales indexadas en el Journal Citation Reports del Thomson Reuters InCities en las categorías de Business, Finance (Accounting), Management, Ethics y otras categorías relacionadas con Environmental Sciences/Planning and Development. El marco propuesto para el análisis se enfoca en los predictores de la verificación y divulgación de información social y medioambiental, categorizados en factores individuales, organizativos e institucionales; así como en los impactos, clasificándolos en externos (reacciones del mercado) o internos (resultado empresarial). Además, determinamos los moderadores y mediadores con el fin de examinar si la relación entre la verificación y la divulgación de información sobre responsabilidad social y sus predictores e impactos cambia. La revisión revela importantes lagunas en el estado actual de la investigación, permitiéndonos plantear sugerencias sobre futuras investigaciones.\u0000 This research reviews the corporate social responsibility disclosure literature based on 330 articles in the 36 main journals in the Thomson Reuters InCities Journal Citation Reports categories of Business, Finance (Accounting), Management, Ethics and others related to Environmental Sciences/Planning and Development. The framework includes predictors of socially responsible disclosure and assurance related to individual, organizational and institutional factors, as well as impacts that we classify as external (i.e., market reactions) or internal (i.e., firm performance). In addition, we establish the moderator and mediator variables with a view to examining whether the relationship between social responsibility reporting/assurance services and its predictors and impacts change. The review reveals important research gaps that allow us to provide suggestions about future research in terms of empirical perspectives.","PeriodicalId":388011,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121551882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Women Directors and E&S Performance: Evidence from Board Gender Quotas","authors":"Edith Ginglinger, Caroline Raskopf","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3832100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3832100","url":null,"abstract":"Using the natural experiment created by France's 2011 board gender-quota law, we find that the presence of women on boards increases firms’ environmental and social (E&S) performance. Our results are robust to controlling for several directors’ observable characteristics and proxies for values such as benevolence, universalism, and nonconformism. Since the passage of the law, firms are more likely to create an E&S committee. However, E&S committees are not the only channel through which the inclusion of women on boards drives E&S performance. After the quota law, women are increasingly serving as members and chairs of major committees. Our findings suggest that female directors have unique qualities, experiences, and preferences, which, in combination with their enhanced authority, enable them to steer firms toward more E&S oriented policies.","PeriodicalId":388011,"journal":{"name":"Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) eJournal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117211383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}