Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi最新文献

{"title":"Yonca Üretiminde Enerji Tüketimi: Hasat Sistemleri Arasında Bir Karşılaştırma","authors":"Muttalip Güngörmez, Fulya Tan, M. Baran","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1105955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1105955","url":null,"abstract":"Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Tekirdağ ilinde balya formunda yonca kuru otu üretiminde kullanılan farklı hasat sistemlerinin girdi ve çıktı enerjilerini belirlemektir. Veriler 2019 yılında 176 yonca işletmesinden toplanmıştır. Çalışılan işletme sayısını belirlemek için tesadüf örnekleme metodu kullanılmıştır. Hasat sistemleri, yonca üretiminde kullanılan farklı alet ve makina kombinasyonlarından oluşmaktadır. Kullanılan makinaların özellikleri ve kapasitesi birbirinden oldukça farklıdır. Hasat sistemlerinde; balya makinası (dikdörtgenler prizması/silindirik), şartlandırıcı tırmıkların kullanım sıklığı ve sayıları dikkate alınmıştır. Bu nedenle, çalışma gruplarında 6 farklı hasat sistemi oluşturulmuştur (H/1-6). İlave olarak, biçim sayısına göre (1,2,3,4,5,6) hasat sistemlerinin enerji tüketimleri de incelenmiştir. İlk biçim prosesi olarak yonca üretimi dikkate alınırken, tek biçim prosesi olarak kesme işleminden sonraki uygulamalar dikkate alınmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları enerji kullanım etkinliği, enerji üretkenliği, net enerji üretiminin balya makinası çeşidine, şartlandırıcı kullanım sayısına göre değiştiğini göstermiştir. Hasat sistemlerinde toplam girdi ve çıktı enerji değerleri oldukça değişken olmuştur. En yüksek enerji girdisi oranı yakıt (38.77%) ve azotlu gübrelemede (24.89%) kaydedilmiştir. En yüksek kullanılan yakıt miktarına karşılık olarak birim alan için toplam H6 sisteminde 3244.57 MJha-1 yakıt enerjisi hesaplanmıştır. Şartlandırıcı ekipman kullanım sayısının artışı ve biçim sayısının artmasına bağlı olarak enerji tüketimleri de artmıştır. Altı biçim yapıldığında; dikdörtgenler prizması şeklinde balya yapan balya makinası kullanılan hasat sisteminde 1248.57 MJha-1 makina enerjisi tüketimi, silindirik balya makinası kullanılan hasat sisteminde ise 1751.07 MJha-1 makina enerjisi tüketimi hesaplanmıştır. En yüksek toplam enerji girdisi (ilk biçim) silindirik balya makinasının kullanıldığı sistemlerde (H5-H6) 8179.41 MJha-1, 8377.54 MJha-1 olarak hesaplanmıştır. En düşük özgül enerji dikdörtgen balya makinası kullanılan sistemlerde (H3-H4) 2.94 MJkg-1, 3.17 MJkg-1 olarak hesaplanmıştır.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128422575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of NASA POWER Climatic Data against Ground-Based Observations in The Mediterranean and Continental Regions of Turkey","authors":"A. Halimi, Cihan Karaca, D. Büyüktaş","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1073903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1073903","url":null,"abstract":"The weather reanalysis datasets are very advantageous data types worldwide that fill the gaps of missed measuring data and are alternatives that compensate for the scarcity of observed climate data. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of horizontal distance, altitude, and climatic regions compared to sea level on NASA POWER reanalysis data for daily temperature variables, relative humidity, and wind speed observed in meteorology stations in the Mediterranean and Continental regions of Turkey. For this purpose, three different meteorology stations (Antalya airport, Elmalı, Teffenni) from the Mediterranean region with different distances and elevations compared to sea level and one station (Ankara) far from the Mediterranean region with continental climate were selected. The statistical approach used to compare observed and estimated values in this study was determination coefficient (R2), Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Normalized Root Mean Square Error (NRMSE), and Mean Bias Error (MBE). The results showed a high relation between the POWER reanalysis dataset and observed data for all parameters except wind speed. For daily maximum, minimum and mean temperature, the R2 and NSE achieved higher than 0.91 and 0.88 respectively, while the mean bias error MBE ranged between -3 °C up to +2 °C and the RMSE was less than 4 °C in all stations. Additionally, POWER estimated data correlation accuracy for temperature variables increased toward higher altitudes in the study area. Similarly, this performance was followed by relative humidity, increasing relation accuracy toward higher elevated regions. The R2 was higher than 0.69 in higher altitudes and less than 0.4 in lower elevations. The MBE for relative humidity ranges -2% in Antalya to +9% in Ankara, and the RMSE attained less than 13.81% in all regions. The POWER daily wind speed did not show relation with observed data without adjusting for elevation and seasonal bias correction. Overall, it was concluded that the NASA POWER dataset could predict temperature and relative humidity over study area and give a promising result if used in research, water, and agricultural decision-making where observation data are not available.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121029926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of Water Depth in a Class A Pan Using Ultrasonic Transducer and Programmable Logic Control (PLC)","authors":"C. Gençoğlan, S. Gençoğlan, Selçuk Usta","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1106319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1106319","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to compare water depths measured by manually and PLC from a Class A Pan in field conditions using ultrasonic transducer. The study was conducted in garden of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam in the summer season of 2019. A steel meter was used to measure water depth manually in the evaporation pan. Using the ultrasonic transducer, PLC measured water depth from the evaporation pan between 140 and 223 mm water depth at 8:00 am. An ultrasonic transducer is attached one end of sliding buttress, at which was 50 cm above from its inner-bottom at the center of the evaporation pan. The ultrasonic transducer was set to be able to read water depth and calibrated using sliding buttress. A program was written in CODESYS-ST language to measure the water depth from a Class A Pan using PLC, which was connected the ultrasonic transducer and uploaded to PLC. With the program, digital water depths were converted to millimeter water depths. To be able to read the water depth more accurately, each depth value read by the PLC was determined by averaging 30 measurements made successively at 300 millisecond intervals. In this processes, moving average method was used. Water depth measured by PLC was saved on the SD (secure digital memory) card. In the manual water depth measurements, there were 26 observations. The water depths on the manual measurement dates were matched with the water depths measured by PLC. A regression analysis was performed between the water depths measured by the steel meter and PLC in the pan, and determination coefficient (R2) was result as 0.96. The Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE) of these two data sets was calculated as 2.3%. The level of agreement between the two data sets; if the MAPE is below 10%, it is considered “very good”. The results of this study revealed that the PLC could measure the water depth close to the measured manually water depth in the evaporation pan with an ultrasonic transducer.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129495779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kilis Keçilerinin Yetiştirici Koşullarındaki Laktasyon Süt Verimi ve Süt Kalite Özellikleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma","authors":"I. Daşkiran, A. Yilmaz, Veysel Serkan Günbey","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1059728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1059728","url":null,"abstract":"Bu çalışma, Kilis keçilerinde laktasyon süt verimi ve süt kalite özellikleri arası ilişkileri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Süt verimi ve laktasyon süresinin saptanmasında Kilis merkezde bulunan iki farklı işletmeden toplam 170 baş Kilis keçisi deneme materyali olarak kullanılmıştır. Kilis keçilerinde laktasyon süt verimi ve süresine ilişkin tanımlayıcı değerler; 201.05±6.75 kg ve 225.22±7.75 gün olarak bulunmuştur. Çalışma materyali keçilerde, süt kalite özellikleri olarak değerlendirilen toplam kuru madde (TKM), yağ (%), protein (%), laktoz (%), kazein (%) değerleri sırasıyla; 12.175± 0.125, 4.025± 0.088, 3.346±0.054, 4.068± 0,027, 2.563±0,040 olarak belirlenmiştir. \u0000Araştırma sonucu, farklı keçi genotipleriyle karşılaştırıldığında, Kilis keçisinin gerek laktasyon süt verimi gerek süt bileşenleri açısından üstün özelliklere sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, sütteki protein ve kazein oranının tatmin edici seviyede olması nedeniyle özellikle peynir üretiminde Kilis keçisinin önemli bir potansiyele sahip olduğu söylenebilir.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124542323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Meteorological and Agricultural Drought Analysis in Kırklareli province","authors":"F. Bakanoğullari, E. Bahar, Cantekin Kivrak, Mehmet Gür","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1060752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1060752","url":null,"abstract":"The Global warming in the world cause to the climate change in this century. Agriculture is one of the sectors that can be most affected by climate change. Agricultural production is affected by precipitation and temperature variables. Due to the changes in these two parameters, the increase in the temperatures and the changes in the amount of precipitation in parallel with this disrupt the ecological balance and bring along the problems of desertification and drought. Agricultural production is highly dependent on meteorological factors in Thrace region. For this reason, it is expected that changes in climatic factors will affect the agriculture of the region positively or negatively. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency and severity of meteorological and agricultural drought with two indexes between 1963-2019 years in Kırklareli province. Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) was used to determine monthly, seasonal, six monthly and annual agricultural drought. According to annual agricultural drought results, it was calculated ten years mild arid (1969, 1985, 1986, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 2011, 2016, and 2019), five years moderate arid (1983, 1989, 1996, 2008, and 2015), one year severe arid (1994), and two years extreme arid (2000 and 2001). Another drought index which is Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was used to determine meteorological drought. According to annual meteorological drought results, Eight years mild arid (1964, 1969, 1982, 1985, 1986, 1990, 1991, and 2011), seven years moderate arid (1983, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, and 2008), and two years extreme arid (2000, 2001) was figured out. According to linear correlation analysis, a good correlation was obtained for SPI and SPEI values, between annual, six monthly (Spring-Summer), and three monthly only winter and spring periods (R2=0.871, R2=0.901, R2=0.974, and R2=0.919), respectively. In the 57-year observation period; 18 years were determined as the arid year with SPEI index and 67% of these total arid years (12 arid years) occurred and 17 years were determined as the arid year with SPI index and 76% of these total arid years (13 arid years) occurred, between 1982 and 2002 years. The SPEI drought index which use precipitation, temperature and evapotranspiration data could give much good results to policy makers in drought mitigation policies in terms of giving results that are more accurate in agricultural production and drought assessments.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131759192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of Land Consolidation to Agriculture and Agricultural Mechanization; Çanakkale-Biga-Derekoy Example","authors":"Pınar GÜRGENÇ IRMAKLI, Arda Aydin","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1033732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1033732","url":null,"abstract":"In order to meet the food demand of the increasing population, it is necessary to use the soil and water resources more economically and effectively, and to increase the productivity and income obtained from the unit area. Land fragmentation is one of the most important problems that prevent the effective and sustainable use of existing agricultural lands in our country. Land fragmentation creates a negative impact on the country's economy by making the application of modern agricultural techniques difficult. At this point, land consolidation projects have been put into action in order to use the existing agricultural lands more effectively and to benefit from mechanization at a high level. With land consolidation studies, it is aimed to bring small, shapeless, fragmented and scattered parcels into a whole. It is aimed to ensure the integrity and production continuity of the parcels that are fragmented through inheritance. With land consolidation, each parcel brought into rectangular and square shapes, which is more suitable for agricultural mechanization, has a road border, thus saving fuel, labour and time, which are the most important inputs that may occur during production activities. In this study, the data of the land consolidation study completed in the Dereköy neighbourhood of the Biga district of Çanakkale province were evaluated and the old and new situations were examined. With the consolidation project completed on an area of 341 ha in Dereköy district, the number of 1088 parcels have been reduced to 507 parcels, and the consolidation rate is 52.40%. While the average parcel area was 3.13 decares in the old situation, it increased to 6.58 decares with the completion of the consolidation project, resulting in an 82% increase in parcel size. With the decrease in the number of parcels and the increase in the parcel size, there has been a great decrease in agricultural mechanization and production inputs. In the study, a randomly selected farmer had 8 parcels in the old situation and made a 25 km road to the village centre from his 34 decares of land. With the completion of the consolidation project, 8 parcels were reduced to 2 parcels and the distance of these two parcels to the village centre decreased to 5.5 km. The path of the farmer was shortened by 78%, and the 78% decrease in the most important input such as diesel made a very important contribution. With the shortening of the road, a high reduction was achieved in all inputs spent by the tractor for production, including depreciation expenses. With the completion of the project, the continuity of production has been ensured as each parcel has a road and a connection to the irrigation canal. It is evaluated that the project, which will relieve the living conditions of the people living in rural areas, contributes to the prevention of the transition from the village to the city.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133051766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing The Effects of Livestock Policies on Farm-level Efficiency in Turkey; Thrace Region Case","authors":"Gökçe Koç, A. Uzmay","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.978947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.978947","url":null,"abstract":"Tarımsal desteklerin işletmelerin etkinlikleri üzerindeki etkileri son dönemlerde tartışılan önemli konulardan biridir. Süt sığırcılığı, hem birçok farklı destekleme çeşidinden yararlanmakta, hem de tarımsal destekleme bütçesinden önemli bir pay almaktadır. Bu kapsamda, araştırmanın dört temel amacı bulunmaktadır; bunlardan ilki süt sığırcılığı işletmelerinde teknik etkinliğin belirlenmesi, ikincisi; destekleme politika araçlarının etkinlik üzerindeki etkisinin ortaya koyulması, üçüncüsü; etkinliğin belirleyicisi olan üretici ve işletmeye ait ayırt edici faktörlerin analiz edilmesi ve son olarak da tarım politikalarına yönelik öneriler getirilmesidir. Araştırma kapsamında Trakya Bölgesi’nin üç ilinde 140 üretici ile yüz yüze anket çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada üç aşamalı metodoloji kullanılmıştır; Veri Zarflama Analizi yardımı ile süt sığırcılığı işletmelerinin teknik etkinliği ve desteklemelerin teknik etkinlik üzerindeki etkisi hesaplanmış, Tobit analizi yardımıyla ise etkinlik ile işletmeye ve üreticiye ait özellikler arasındaki ilişki analiz edilmiştir. Veri Zarflama Analizi sonuçlarına göre, işletmelerin ölçeğe sabit getiri skorları ortalama 0.700, ölçeğe değişken getiri skorları ortalama 0.795, ölçek etkinliği skorları ise ortalama 0.886 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Desteklemeler ile işletmelerin ölçeğe sabit getiri skorları %2.43, değişken getiri skorları %1.13, ölçek etkinlikleri ise %1.35 artmıştır. Tarımsal desteklerin süt sığırcılığı işlemelerinde etkinliği pozitif etkilediği ancak küçük oranda bir iyileşme sağladığı, ayrıca ölçek büyüklüğüne göre desteklerin pozitif etkisinin farklı olduğu dikkati çekmektedir. Tobit analizi sonuçlarına göre ise etkinliğin belirleyicileri; üreticilerin eğitim düzeyi, geliri, aile büyüklüğü, işletmelerin ölçek ve arazi büyüklüğü, üreticilerin üretime devam etme düşüncesi ve işletmenin ortalama süt verimidir. Araştırma sonucunda, hayvancılık desteklerinin ölçeğe artan getiri ile çalışan küçük ölçekli işletmelerde ölçeğin büyütülmesine, ölçeğe azalan getiri ile çalışan büyük ölçekli işletmelerde ise teknolojinin geliştirilmesine yönelik verilmesi önerilmektedir.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131373482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ekmek Mayası (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Fabrika Artıklarından Ham İnvertaz Enzimi Üretimi","authors":"Neşe Özdi̇nç, Murat Velioğlu","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1083300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1083300","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127046193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of Hull-less Mutant of Pumpkin Seed under Different Abiotic Conditions","authors":"S. Gaspar, O. Basal, A. Simkó, L. Kiss, Dóra Frommer, S. Veres","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.978813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.978813","url":null,"abstract":"Pumpkin seeds are crucial for both human and animal nutrition. Furthermore, the importance of pumpkin seed oil, the snack seed trade and even the medicinal uses of pumpkin seed products have been taken into account for the attempts to improve oil pumpkin seed yield, seed quality and other parameters. The climatic conditions may have a considerable effect on both the vegetative and the reproductive growth as well, and can influence the quality and quantity of the yield. Large-scale field experiment was set up to investigate the climatic sensitivity of hull-less pumpkins. Three groups of fields in different regions of Eastern-Hungary; Southern, Northern and Middle regions were involved in this study. Monthly average temperature and precipitation and soil chemical characteristics were analyzed. Based on the results, the lowest yield was achieved in the Northern region, potentially because of the higher amount of precipitation during the vegetation period. The higher precipitation can possibly increase the sensitivity of pumpkin plants to diseases. The highest amount of the seeds was achieved in the Middle region, where the distribution of the rainfall was moderate. From the investigated soil parameters, the pH had a measurable effect on the final seed yield. It could be concluded that higher precipitation and lower pH can lower pumpkin seed yield. Maximum yield might rely on continuously monitoring the soil moisture status and on the irrigation scheduling management, in addition to the nutrient availability in the soil. Further studies, however, are necessary to prove these hypotheses and to provide more useful data.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129308008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ekşi Hamura Keçiboynuzu Unu İlavesi: Ekşi Hamur Fermentasyonuna, Hamur Reolojisine ve Ekmeklik Kalitesine Etkisi","authors":"Senem Karlidağ, Muhammet Arici, Görkem Özülkü","doi":"10.33462/jotaf.1022834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1022834","url":null,"abstract":"Keçiboynuzu unu, çeşitli biyoaktif bileşikler, yüksek oranda lif, protein, vitamin ve mineral içerdiğinden fırıncılık ürünleri formülasyonlarında yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ekşi hamur fermantasyonu, fırıncılık ürünlerinin duyusal, tekstürel ve besinsel özelliklerini geliştirmede iyi bir araç olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, keçiboynuzu unu ilave edilmiş Tip I ekşi hamurunun, ekmek yapımında kullanım potansiyelinin araştırılmasıdır. Keçiboynuzu unu ile karıştırılmış unlarda (%0, %2, %4, %6, %8 ve %12) ampirik reolojik ölçümler de yapılmıştır. Keçiboynuzu ununun artmasıyla su absorbsiyonu ve hamur gelişme süresi önemli ölçüde artmıştır (P ≤ 0.05). Numunelerin enerji ve uzayabilirlik değeri kontrol numunesine göre azalmıştır (P ≤ 0.05). Ekşi hamura keçiboynuzu unu ilavesinin artmasıyla ekşi hamurun maya sayısı azalmıştır (P ≤ 0.05). Keçiboynuzu unu ilavesi ile ekşi hamurda, kontrole (%0 keçiboynuzu) göre Laktik asit bakterilerinin gelişiminin teşvik edildiği belirlenmiştir (P ≤ 0.05). Fakat, artan keçiboynuzu ilavesi ile ekşi hamurlar arasında istatistiksel olarak bir fark gözlemlenmemiştir (P>0.05). Ekşi hamur fermentasyonu yolu ile keçiboynuzu unu kullanımı, aynı oranda keçiboynuzu unu içeren ticari mayalı ekmeğe göre ekmeğin kalite özelliklerini artırmıştır. Formülasyondaki en yüksek keçiboynuzu unu konsantrasyonu (%8 ve %12) sertliğin artmasına (P ≤ 0.05) neden olmuştur. Bu durum aynı zamanda ekmeğin spesifik hacmindeki azalma ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Ticari mayalı ekmeğe, keçiboynuzu unu ilavesi, ekmeklerin parlaklık (L*) değerini azaltmıştır (P ≤ 0.05). Ekşi hamur fermantasyonu, keçiboynuzu unu katkılı ekmeklerin duyusal özelliklerini de geliştirmiştir. Ekşi hamur yapımında düşük seviyede keçiboynuzu unu kullanımı (%2-%6), bu çalışmadaki duyusal parametrelerin hiçbirini olumsuz yönde etkilememiştir.","PeriodicalId":387927,"journal":{"name":"Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122240554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}