Baltic Journal of Law and Politics最新文献_第10页

Switching Political Nuclear Energy Preferences, Changing Public Attitude 转变政治核能偏好，改变公众态度

Baltic Journal of Law and Politics Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjlp-2017-0018

Dainius Genys, R. Krikštolaitis

引用次数: 3

Employers as Nightmare Readers: An Analysis of Ethical and Legal Concerns Regarding Employer-Employee Practices on SNS 作为噩梦读者的雇主:社交网络上雇主与雇员行为的伦理和法律问题分析

Baltic Journal of Law and Politics Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjlp-2017-0013

Seili Suder, A. Siibak

{"title":"Employers as Nightmare Readers: An Analysis of Ethical and Legal Concerns Regarding Employer-Employee Practices on SNS","authors":"Seili Suder, A. Siibak","doi":"10.1515/bjlp-2017-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bjlp-2017-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this interdisciplinary paper is to study the social reality surrounding the data processing practices employers and employees engage in on social networking sites (SNS). Considering the lack of empirical studies, as well as the considerable uncertainty in the way personal data protection is implemented across the European Union (EU), the paper offers insights on the topic. Qualitative text analysis of semi-structured interviews with employers from the service sector (N=10) and the field of media and communication (N=15), as well as employers from organisations which had experienced various problems due to things their employees had posted on social media (N=14), and employees from the financial sector (N=15) were carried out to explore whether the data protection principles, which can be viewed as the most important guidelines for employers in the EU, are actually followed in their everyday SNS data processing practices. Even though the data protection principles emphasise the need for fair, purposeful, transparent, minimal and accurate processing of personal data, our interviews with employers and employees reveal that the actual SNS processing practices rarely live up to the standards. Our findings indicate that there is a growing mismatch between the social reality and legal requirements regarding data subjects.","PeriodicalId":38764,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Law and Politics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46817575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The Securitization of National Minorities in the Baltic States 波罗的海国家少数民族的证券化

Baltic Journal of Law and Politics Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjlp-2017-0011

Aleksandra Kuczyńska-Zonik

{"title":"The Securitization of National Minorities in the Baltic States","authors":"Aleksandra Kuczyńska-Zonik","doi":"10.1515/bjlp-2017-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bjlp-2017-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The occupation of Crimea and war in Eastern Ukraine brought minority issues to the top of the Baltic security agenda. Although experts estimate that a separatist scenario for Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia is not probable, the issue of national minorities has already been included into the security concept as a potential source of danger to stability and national identity. While there is need to analyze political risks in the Baltics, the concept of securitization will be applied to the topic of national minorities. This paper addresses the problem of national minorities’ political integration and loyalty to the state. For the empirical analysis, the paper will use secondary data of surveys conducted in 2014-2017, exposing opinions and beliefs of minorities in the Baltic States referring to their domestic and foreign policies, NATO, Ukrainian crisis and relations with Russia. As a result, the concluding suggestion is made that more attention should be paid to political cohesion and minority policy management: 1) to optimize the minority development; 2) to predict potential risks in the region, and 3) to prevent further threats from Russia.","PeriodicalId":38764,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Law and Politics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/bjlp-2017-0011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45591009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Cyber Attacks, Information Attacks, and Postmodern Warfare 网络攻击、信息攻击和后现代战争

Baltic Journal of Law and Politics Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjlp-2017-0003

J. Valuch, T. Gábriš, Ondrej Hamuľák

{"title":"Cyber Attacks, Information Attacks, and Postmodern Warfare","authors":"J. Valuch, T. Gábriš, Ondrej Hamuľák","doi":"10.1515/bjlp-2017-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bjlp-2017-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this paper is to evaluate and differentiate between the phenomena of cyberwarfare and information warfare, as manifestations of what we perceive as postmodern warfare. We describe and analyse the current examples of the use the postmodern warfare and the reactions of states and international bodies to these phenomena. The subject matter of this paper is the relationship between new types of postmodern conflicts and the law of armed conflicts (law of war). Based on ICJ case law, it is clear that under current legal rules of international law of war, cyber attacks as well as information attacks (often performed in the cyberspace as well) can only be perceived as “war” if executed in addition to classical kinetic warfare, which is often not the case. In most cases perceived “only” as a non-linear warfare (postmodern conflict), this practice nevertheless must be condemned as conduct contrary to the principles of international law and (possibly) a crime under national laws, unless this type of conduct will be recognized by the international community as a “war” proper, in its new, postmodern sense.","PeriodicalId":38764,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Law and Politics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/bjlp-2017-0003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41826558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Factors that Influence Parole Boards’ and Judges’ Decisions on Parole Application in Lithuania 影响立陶宛假释委员会和法官对假释申请决定的因素

Baltic Journal of Law and Politics Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjlp-2017-0009

Ilona Michailovič, Liubovė Jarutienė

引用次数: 1

The Role of Judicial Ethics in Court Administration: From Setting the Objectives to Practical Implementation 司法伦理在法院管理中的作用:从目标的确立到实践的落实

Baltic Journal of Law and Politics Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/BJLP-2017-0004

Mindaugas Šimonis

{"title":"The Role of Judicial Ethics in Court Administration: From Setting the Objectives to Practical Implementation","authors":"Mindaugas Šimonis","doi":"10.1515/BJLP-2017-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/BJLP-2017-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A court administration striving to guarantee the independence and professionalism of the court and judges requires attention to judicial ethics. Judicial ethics as a system of professional values and as an institutional instrument of judiciary is an integral part of court administration which is based on the principle of self-regulation. The importance of court administration requires a scientific approach to its elements. Therefore, this article begins by providing analysis of the main objectives of judicial ethics and a comparative study on the European practices establishing judicial ethics. It also provides a systematic list of the basic principles of the conduct of judges that are established in different international standards and legal systems of different European countries. By analysing documents of different international institutions and codes of ethics of European countries, the author identifies a systematic structure and the fundamental starting point of modern judicial ethics. The methods of descriptive comparative analysis and observation of recent developments are dominant in this study. Reacting to the scientific problems and current needs of legal communities with regard to the enforcement of judicial ethics, the article presents approaches that could lead to increased effectiveness of ethics in the judiciary, as well as to the development of methods of enforcement of judicial ethics. The purpose of this article is not just to disclose the main international standards and regulations on judicial ethics in Europe, but also to make it practically valuable for developers of judicial ethics, taking into consideration the fact that recently many countries have been trying to reform and improve ethical systems in the judiciary. Given the limited scope of this article, other important elements of court administration and developing a comparative study of the content of judicial ethics and the jurisprudence of its implementation will be presented in future publications.","PeriodicalId":38764,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Law and Politics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45655956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Non-Territorial Spaces of Belarusian Political Nomadism 白俄罗斯政治游牧主义的非领土空间

Baltic Journal of Law and Politics Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjlp-2017-0006

Viktorija Rusinaitė

{"title":"Non-Territorial Spaces of Belarusian Political Nomadism","authors":"Viktorija Rusinaitė","doi":"10.1515/bjlp-2017-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bjlp-2017-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In Belarus the state systematically hinders the development of civil society. NGOs have difficulties registering, functioning and sustaining their organisations. Some individuals related to the civil sector are persecuted, fined, imprisoned. Therefore a number of NGOs are registered abroad and civil society activists move with them to continue their work on Belarusian issues. In this article we aim to define people who left Belarus in order to work for Belarus as Belarusian Political Nomads, using the notion of transnational subjectivity to explore their migration strategies. The article is based on 15 semi-structured interviews held in London (UK) and Vilnius (LT). Interviews were analysed using the concepts of transnational subjectivities and political nomadism, and combining elements from a critical events narrative analysis approach. People who left Belarus to work for Belarus are Belarusian Political Nomads, because they create new democratic development visions for Belarus. Their individual political motivation can stem from the critical events that were registered in this research as turning points. Informants, individual conditions, histories and life experiences influence the outcomes of these events in terms of interpretation and induced motivation to engage in civil society activities. Belarusian Political Nomads form their migration strategies on the basis of their transnational subjectivities, which can be characterised by temporal and symbolic relations to the receiving country, and long-term intensive dissociative relations to the sending countries’ political regime, as well as a strong relationship to the new visions of Belarus.","PeriodicalId":38764,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Law and Politics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42158250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predatory Pricing: A Framework for Analysis 掠夺性定价：一个分析框架

Baltic Journal of Law and Politics Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjlp-2017-0005

Raimundas Moisejevas

引用次数: 2

The Definition of Bullying in Compulsory Education: From a General to a Legal Perspective 义务教育中欺凌的定义：从一般到法律的视角

Baltic Journal of Law and Politics Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjlp-2017-0008

Agnė Margevičiūtė

引用次数: 5

Aharon Barak’s Legal Ideology in the Context of European Constitutionalism 欧洲立宪主义背景下的巴拉克法律思想

Baltic Journal of Law and Politics Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/bjlp-2017-0007

Jolanta Bieliauskaitė, Vytautas Šlapkauskas

{"title":"Aharon Barak’s Legal Ideology in the Context of European Constitutionalism","authors":"Jolanta Bieliauskaitė, Vytautas Šlapkauskas","doi":"10.1515/bjlp-2017-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bjlp-2017-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The EU lacks the legal ideology as a social instrument that could satisfy the spirit of liberal democracy and would help to consolidate different societies to a solid European demos. Although the existence of an ideological system alone does not guarantee social consensus, it helps to manage dissension within the limits of particular values and norms. It is because a legal ideology provides the structure for social thought that individuals and social groups are able to interpret the nature of emerging conflicts and the interests they support. The article demonstrates that the neoliberal way of thinking that prevails in contemporary Europe does not meet the spirit of the constitutionalism of the EU Member States; the article introduces some aspects of Aharon Barak’s legal ideology that could be relevant for the formation and development of European demos and constitutionalism. In order to achieve this aim, the research is focused on issues that emerge in the area of three main pillars of constitutionalism: (1) adherence to the rule of law, (2) limited and accountable government, and (3) protection of fundamental human rights.","PeriodicalId":38764,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Journal of Law and Politics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/bjlp-2017-0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44043548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0