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CROI 2025: Metabolic and Other Complications of HIV Infection. CROI 2025: HIV感染的代谢和其他并发症。
Topics in antiviral medicine Pub Date : 2025-06-30
Sudipa Sarkar, Todd T Brown
{"title":"CROI 2025: Metabolic and Other Complications of HIV Infection.","authors":"Sudipa Sarkar, Todd T Brown","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging-related comorbid conditions have major effects on health, quality of life, and survival in people with HIV (PWH). The 2025 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) featured numerous studies about comorbid diseases in PWH. Cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis and heart failure were important topics at the CROI, with ancillary analyses from REPRIEVE (the Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV) and studies from lower- and middle-income countries. Numerous studies examined epigenetic markers of biologic aging in PWH and the effects of treatments, including glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. In a clinical trial, cytomegalovirus suppression was shown to decrease immune activation and systemic inflammation, as well as improve physical function. Large epidemiologic studies examining the effect of switching to integrase strand transfer inhibitors showed an increased risk of diabetes and hypertension, which was independent of weight gain. This review focuses on the abstracts presented at CROI 2025 in these areas, highlighting those with the most clinical impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":38738,"journal":{"name":"Topics in antiviral medicine","volume":"33 3","pages":"596-602"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12324710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CROI 2025: The Challenges of Sustaining Viral Suppression, Addressing Advanced HIV Disease, and Ending the HIV Epidemic Targets. CROI 2025：持续病毒抑制的挑战，解决晚期艾滋病毒疾病，结束艾滋病毒流行目标。
Topics in antiviral medicine Pub Date : 2025-06-30
Shauna H Gunaratne, Hong-Van Tieu, Timothy J Wilkin, Barbara S Taylor
{"title":"CROI 2025: The Challenges of Sustaining Viral Suppression, Addressing Advanced HIV Disease, and Ending the HIV Epidemic Targets.","authors":"Shauna H Gunaratne, Hong-Van Tieu, Timothy J Wilkin, Barbara S Taylor","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Important new data were presented at the 2025 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. Mathematic models predicted a reversal of progress toward Ending the HIV Epidemic metrics if funding is discontinued. Interventions that improved HIV care outcomes included a clinic-based, person-centered care intervention and a low-barrier care clinic service delivery model. Several studies demonstrated varying trends in hepatitis B and C incidence and outcomes, and data from one trial showed the seroprotective durability of the adjuvanted hepatitis B vaccine in people with HIV. Focus continued on long-acting antiretroviral therapy (ART) including data on promising new agents and formulations. Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (InSTIs) may be effective in the real world despite baseline reverse transcriptase resistance, although 2 studies highlighted the emergence of mutations outside the integrase genome that contribute to InSTI resistance. The data on HIV and maternal and pediatric health included studies aimed at HIV testing and counseling. It also covered drug interactions between implant and injectable hormonal contraceptives and dolutegravir-based ART, along with selected pharmacokinetics and safety data for ART in infants and children. Various abstracts addressed weight gain and cardiometabolic dysfunction in youth with perinatally acquired HIV and in women with HIV, as well as health outcomes for children exposed to HIV and ART in utero.</p>","PeriodicalId":38738,"journal":{"name":"Topics in antiviral medicine","volume":"33 3","pages":"569-595"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12324711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CROI 2025: Summary of Basic Science Research in HIV. CROI 2025：艾滋病基础科学研究综述。
Topics in antiviral medicine Pub Date : 2025-06-30
Mario Stevenson
{"title":"CROI 2025: Summary of Basic Science Research in HIV.","authors":"Mario Stevenson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 2025 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) in San Francisco maintained its existing format with a combination of plenary lectures, workshops, oral and poster abstract sessions, themed discussions, and interactive symposia to deliver the latest advances in HIV/AIDS research to the approximately 4000 delegates in attendance. The conference featured a comprehensive collection of presentations addressing the molecular biology of HIV-1, with the basic virology track offering mechanistic insights into viral replication, immune evasion, and host-pathogen interactions. CROI showcased a range of innovative approaches to decipher and target the latent reservoir. From high-resolution lineage tracking in nonhuman primates to dissection of chromatin landscapes and latency regulatory circuits, studies presented at this year's meeting underscored the complexity of HIV persistence and the need for multidimensional intervention strategies. Selected abstracts are high-lighted, emphasizing mechanistic insights, methodologic innovations, and therapeutic implications. As with prior renditions of the conference, CROI continues to set the standard for engagement of early career investigators. Sessions such as the Scott M. Hammer Workshop for New Investigators and Trainees provide an effective forum for orientation to the various thematic areas covered at CROI.</p>","PeriodicalId":38738,"journal":{"name":"Topics in antiviral medicine","volume":"33 3","pages":"539-554"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12324712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CROI 2025: Acute and Postacute COVID-19.
Topics in antiviral medicine Pub Date : 2025-06-30
Annukka A R Antar, Michael J Peluso
{"title":"CROI 2025: Acute and Postacute COVID-19.","authors":"Annukka A R Antar, Michael J Peluso","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>New research on acute and postacute COVID-19 was presented at the 2025 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI). Results of the SCORPIO-PEP (Stopping COVID-19 Progression With Early Protease Inhibitor Treatment-Postexposure Prophylaxis) study indicated that the protease inhibitor ensitrelvir is effective for postexposure prophylaxis. Results from the second phaseof the Ubuntu study suggested that monovalent or bivalent booster doses of mRNA vaccines are equally protective in people with or without HIV. A phase II study of an inhaled broad-spectrum antiviral small interfering RNA showed faster clearance of virus and more rapid resolution of symptoms with its use. In addition, numerous studies improved our understanding of the long-term consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection, including immunologic, metabolic, cardiovascular, neurologic, and other clinical sequelae. The application of new and more specific case definitions in research studies of long COVID provided new insights into the epidemiology and pathogenesis of this condition, although data on therapeutics from randomized clinical trials are still lacking.</p>","PeriodicalId":38738,"journal":{"name":"Topics in antiviral medicine","volume":"33 3","pages":"555-568"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12324709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CROI 2025: tuberculosis, Mpox, and other infectious complications in people with HIV. CROI 2025：艾滋病毒感染者的结核病、Mpox和其他感染并发症。
Topics in antiviral medicine Pub Date : 2025-05-21
Andrew D Kerkhoff, Jason Zucker, Diane V Havlir
{"title":"CROI 2025: tuberculosis, Mpox, and other infectious complications in people with HIV.","authors":"Andrew D Kerkhoff, Jason Zucker, Diane V Havlir","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Updated strategies and new insights into tuberculosis and mpox treatment were a major focus at the 2025 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, headlined by findings that high-dose rifampicin plus levofloxacin increased early mortality in hospitalized people with HIV with disseminated tuberculosis, whereas tecovirimat demonstrated no efficacy for clade II mpox. Herein, we summarize clinically relevant updates related to tuberculosis, mpox, Kaposi sarcoma, human papillomavirus, and other HIV-associated infectious complications presented at the conference.</p>","PeriodicalId":38738,"journal":{"name":"Topics in antiviral medicine","volume":"33 2","pages":"494-507"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
2025 update of the drug resistance mutations in HIV-1. 2025年HIV-1耐药突变的最新进展。
Topics in antiviral medicine Pub Date : 2025-05-21
Annemarie M Wensing, Vincent Calvez, Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein, Charlotte Charpentier, Huldrych F Günthard, Donna M Jacobsen, Roger Paredes, Robert W Shafer, Douglas D Richman
{"title":"2025 update of the drug resistance mutations in HIV-1.","authors":"Annemarie M Wensing, Vincent Calvez, Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein, Charlotte Charpentier, Huldrych F Günthard, Donna M Jacobsen, Roger Paredes, Robert W Shafer, Douglas D Richman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Certain mutations in HIV-1 that emerge during exposure to antiretroviral drugs may have varied impact on the effectiveness of current and subsequent treatments for HIV. This 2025 edition of the International Antiviral Society-USA (IAS-USA) drug resistance mutations list updates the Figure last published in November 2022 based on new data that have become available. The mutations listed are those that have been identified by specific criteria to contribute to a reduced virologic response to currently available antiretroviral drugs. The Figure is designed to assist practitioners in identifying key mutations associated with resistance to antiretroviral drugs, and therefore, to consider when making clinical decisions regarding the components of an initial antiretroviral regimen and changing a regimen in the settings of avoiding toxicity, regimen simplification, or previous or current virologic failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":38738,"journal":{"name":"Topics in antiviral medicine","volume":"33 2","pages":"457-473"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
HIV and liver disease: optimizing care and identifying the gaps. 艾滋病毒和肝病：优化护理和确定差距。
Topics in antiviral medicine Pub Date : 2025-05-21
Kenneth E Sherman, Phyllis C Tien, David L Thomas
{"title":"HIV and liver disease: optimizing care and identifying the gaps.","authors":"Kenneth E Sherman, Phyllis C Tien, David L Thomas","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liver disease remains a key contributor to morbidity and mortality among people with HIV. Although substantial progress has been made in terms of a cure for hepatitis C, increased life expectancy is associated with emerging issues associated with steatotic liver disease. Hepatitis B and D are still prevalent and often underrecognized as a cause of indolent liver injury leading to inflammation and fibrosis. Barriers to care exist in many subpopulations that reduce the use of potentially lifesaving therapies. Hepatocellular carcinoma continues to be a factor in advanced hepatic fibrosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":38738,"journal":{"name":"Topics in antiviral medicine","volume":"33 2","pages":"474-482"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CROI 2025: neuropsychiatric complications in people with HIV. CROI 2025：艾滋病毒感染者的神经精神并发症。
Topics in antiviral medicine Pub Date : 2025-05-21
Michael J Corley, Phillip Chan, Sarah B Joseph
{"title":"CROI 2025: neuropsychiatric complications in people with HIV.","authors":"Michael J Corley, Phillip Chan, Sarah B Joseph","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 2025 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) showcased advances in understanding neuropsychiatric complications among people with HIV (PWH). This review synthesizes key findings related to central nervous system (CNS) reservoirs, neuropathogenesis, and biomarkers of brain health. Emerging data underscore the persistence of HIV in brain tissues despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), with compartmentalization occasionally observed in the spinal cord and brain, and evidence suggesting that HIV-infected cells may contribute to chronic inflammation in the CNS. Single-cell and epigenetic profiling of cerebrospinal fluid cells revealed immune dysregulation in myeloid and B cells, suggesting ongoing CNS dysfunction during suppressive ART. Longitudinal neuroimaging and cognitive studies reinforced that incomplete or unstable HIV suppression correlates with worse brain outcomes. Notably, higher blood phosphorylated tau 217 and systemic inflammation predicted cognitive decline in aging PWH. Promising therapeutic avenues included observations that glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, such as semaglutide, improve visuospatial performance in PWH and cannabinoid receptor 2 agonists reduced neuroinflammatory pathways in preclinical models. Additionally, early initiation of ART was associated with normalization of brain volumes and attenuation of neuronal injury markers. Together, these findings highlight the complexity of neuro-HIV interactions and underscore the need for targeted interventions to protect brain health in PWH.</p>","PeriodicalId":38738,"journal":{"name":"Topics in antiviral medicine","volume":"33 2","pages":"483-493"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CROI 2025: global epidemiology and prevention of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. 目标2025：全球流行病学和预防艾滋病毒和其他性传播疾病。
Topics in antiviral medicine Pub Date : 2025-05-21
Susan P Buchbinder, Albert Y Liu
{"title":"CROI 2025: global epidemiology and prevention of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases.","authors":"Susan P Buchbinder, Albert Y Liu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At the 2025 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI), investigators presented updates on the global HIV epidemic. Although new HIV infections have been declining globally, new infections are expanding in Eastern Europe and central Asia, the Middle East and North Africa, and Latin America. HIV incidence remains high among key populations and their partners. Initiation of oral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is increasing globally, with 91% of PrEP starts funded by the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, and large rises in new HIV infections are predicted to occur due to international funding cuts. Several presentations focused on strategies to increase HIV testing, including home HIV self-testing, couples HIV testing, and use of digital strategies. Substance use continues to be a driver of new HIV infections. Implementation of harm reduction and opiate agonist therapy significantly reduced new infections among people who inject drugs in Malaysia, and other person-centered approaches tailored for people who use drugs are being investigated. The uptake of PrEP has been increasing in a number of priority populations; however, persistence on oral PrEP remains sub-optimal. Although the use of long-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB-LA) remains low in the US, several programs have demonstrated high persistence. When provided choice, many individuals choose CAB-LA over other available options, and adherence to follow-up injections has been high. Several interventions to increase PrEP uptake and adherence show promise, including pharmacy-based refills and incentives, point-of-care urine tenofovir testing with counseling, and use of mobile health tools. PrEP with emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide was shown to reduce HIV infections in cisgender women adherent to PrEP. A single once-yearly injection with lenacapavir showed promising pharmacokinetic results and a phase III trial is planned. Interest in doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis is high, and real-world implementation has been associated with significant declines in bacterial sexually transmitted infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":38738,"journal":{"name":"Topics in antiviral medicine","volume":"33 2","pages":"508-535"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstracts from the 2025 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. 2025年逆转录病毒和机会性感染会议摘要。
Topics in antiviral medicine Pub Date : 2025-04-01
{"title":"Abstracts from the 2025 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38738,"journal":{"name":"Topics in antiviral medicine","volume":"33 1","pages":"3-454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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