Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences最新文献

{"title":"ASPECTS OF DECARBONIZATION OF THE ELECTRICAL SUPPLY SYSTEM IN THE CONDITIONS OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES","authors":"S. Boiko, V. Shchokin, S. Vishnevskyi, O. Danilin, O. Husarova, S. Hrybanova","doi":"10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-369-373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-369-373","url":null,"abstract":"The significant influence of industrial enterprises provokes sharp climatic changes, which are especially felt locally. Such loads on the ecology of the environment, caused by the activities of industrial enterprises, endanger the safe existence of individual biological individuals and the sustainable development of the social economy in the future. One of the important reasons for such changes is the increase in emissions of greenhouse gases, harmful gases and dust. Meanwhile, a number of issues related to the problem of reducing the ecological burden on the environment through decarbonization of Ukraine’s electricity industry remain unresolved. At this stage of implementation, the Smart Grid concept is considered from the point of view of electrical networks, although in the future it will be a combination of electrical, fuel and heat networks. The International Energy Agency sees hydrogen as a link between these networks. The analysis of the possibility and features of the implementation of the concept of decarbonization of power supply systems of industrial enterprises in the aspect of sustainable development showed the relevance of the implementation of distributed generation sources using buffer storage of electric energy in order to stabilize the level of generated electric energy. It is proposed to use solid polymer electrolyzers as buffer accumulators of electric energy generated by sources of distributed generation based on renewable sources.","PeriodicalId":386560,"journal":{"name":"Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122772870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"METHOD OF COUNTING OBJECTS IN AN ORCHARD IN REAL TIME","authors":"O. Melnychenko","doi":"10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-213-214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-213-214","url":null,"abstract":"The paper proposes a novel method for counting apples in an orchard using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones. The authors acknowledge that traditional methods of counting apples are time-consuming and labor-intensive and therefore propose a more efficient and accurate solution using a group of drones equipped with high-resolution cameras. The proposed method involves using a convolutional neural network (CNN) called YOLOv5-v1 to detect and count the apples in the images captured by the drones. YOLOv5-v1 was trained using a dataset of annotated images of apples in different lighting conditions and orientations and was found to be highly accurate in identifying and counting apples in test images. The proposed method was tested on two different orchards and was highly accurate. Specifically, the results of the experimental studies show that the model accuracy was: i) in sunny weather – 92.11%, ii) in cloudy weather – 90.76%, and iii) in sunny weather, but with high shading – 82.69%. Such results indicate that under sunny and overcast weather conditions with a low level of shade, the proposed approach demonstrates high accuracy and reliability in real-time operation. At the same time, it should be noted that due to the presence of significant visual noise in the orchard, such as the covering of fruits by leaves and branches, the efficiency of the UAV group and the automated system, in general, cannot be 100% fulfilled in natural conditions, which can serve as a promising task for further of research. Overall, the proposed method of counting structural objects provides an efficient and accurate solution for counting apples in orchards, which could save time and resources for farmers. The use of UAVs and CNNs in agriculture is a promising area of research, and this paper presents a practical application of these technologies in fruit counting.","PeriodicalId":386560,"journal":{"name":"Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences","volume":"358 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122809250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"USING UML DIAGRAMS FOR THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS IN PRODUCTION","authors":"Ludmila Samchuk, Yulia Povstiana, N. Lishchyna, Artem Klymenko","doi":"10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-268-275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-268-275","url":null,"abstract":"The article uses the unified UML modeling language to visualize production elements. To show some of the advantages of the proposed approach, the main components of the production system are defined: technological machines, operators, materials, products and the production process. A class diagram is used to represent the components. Defined attributes and methods of each class: attributes and methods to each class that define its properties and behavior. The Machine class can have attributes such as machine ID and Destination, and methods such as start() and stop(). Relationships between classes are established: association, aggregation, and composition to represent relationships between classes. The Production Process class can have an aggregation relationship with the Machine class, indicating that the production process consists of multiple machines. This work contains UML diagrams and description tables that make it possible to structure the activity of the technological process in production. The technological process of manufacturing products is shown, which is presented in detail on the state diagram.","PeriodicalId":386560,"journal":{"name":"Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124010275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DIAGNOSIS OF POWER OIL IN PUMPING UNITS COOLING SYSTEMS OF POWER PLANT EQUIPMENT","authors":"S. Zaitsev, V. Тikhenko","doi":"10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-113-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-113-119","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of improving the methods for diagnosing the energy oil “Tp-30” of the pumping unit of the NPP equipment coolant circulation system. When studying the physicochemical and thermophysical properties of this oil, it was found that: the indicators “acid number”, “water content”, “content of mechanical impurities”, “content of the additive “Ionol”, “flash point”, “kinematic viscosity” correspond to the established standards. When determining the concentration of the additive “Ionol” in the sample of this oil: the method of adding the additive “Ionol” is used; in the obtained calculation formula, the values of the distribution coefficient for the additive “Ionol” in the system “turbine oil – additive “Ionol” – liquid extractant” are not used, which simplifies the study of the content of this additive in turbine oil. The water content in mineral turbine oil, determined by gas chromatography and coulometric titration with K. Fischer’s reagent, exceeds the water content in this oil, determined by thermal extraction. When studying the effect of liquid extraction temperature on additives “Ionol” (when determining its content in a given oil), it was found by gas chromatography that: the dependence of the distribution coefficients Ki on temperature t in the temperature range 15–75 0С can be expressed by the equation lnKi = А/(t+273) – B ; It is recommended to extract the Ionol additive from this oil at a temperature of (20 ± 2) °С or at a temperature of (65 ± 10) °С. When studying the effect of the chemical nature of the extractant on the ability to extract the “Ionol” additive from this oil, it was found that: ethanol, isopropanol, acetonitrile can be used as extractants of the “Ionol” additive, and the mixture “acetonitrile – water” cannot be recommended as such extractant. The results obtained can be used to improve the method of diagnosing mineral turbine oil “Tp-30” of the pumping unit of the coolant circulation system of the equipment of the second circuit of NPP with a pressurized water power reactor.","PeriodicalId":386560,"journal":{"name":"Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127788385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RESEARCH OF COMPUTATIONAL MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR TECHNICAL SYSTEMS","authors":"Olexiy Zavgorodniy, D. Levkin, Yana Kotko, Olexander Makarov","doi":"10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-108-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-108-112","url":null,"abstract":"In the theory of analysis and synthesis of technical systems, mathematical modelling and optimization of multilayer systems containing sources of physical fields occupy an important place. This is due to the fact that their state is described by means of boundary value problems with multidimensional differential equations. To solve the boundary value problems and implement the process of optimizing the technical parameters of the modelled systems, it is necessary to conduct interdisciplinary studies of computational and applied optimization mathematical models. Fulfilment of the conditions for the existence of a single solution to boundary value problems by default is possible only when the object of study is a single-layer material under the action of load sources. If it is necessary to calculate and optimize the technical parameters of a multilayer material subjected to load sources, then it is impossible to immediately guarantee the correctness of the calculated and applied optimization mathematical models, since it is necessary to obtain the conditions for the existence and uniqueness of solutions to boundary value problems with systems of differential equations. Maximizing the technical parameters of load sources and averaging the characteristics of material layers will lead to approximate values of the objective function and technical parameters of the modelled system, which leads to irrational consumption of energy and heat resources and uncontrolled losses, and useless losses of the test material in the technological process. The article presents the conditions for the correctness of multipoint boundary value problems with multidimensional differential equations describing the state of a multilayer material under thermal action. It is advisable to use these studies to substantiate the correctness of other technical and biotechnological systems, which will increase the accuracy of the implementation of applied optimization problems of economic and mathematical modelling.","PeriodicalId":386560,"journal":{"name":"Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132695783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ELECTRONIC RESOURCES IN THE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL LIBRARY OF LVIV POLYTECHNIC TO ENSURE USER CONVENIENCE AND EFFICIENCY","authors":"M. Sokil, Andrii Zvorskyi","doi":"10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-294-299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-294-299","url":null,"abstract":"The paper explores the impact of electronic services on library users. The paper highlights the importance of implementing electronic services in libraries, which allows users to conveniently and efficiently obtain the necessary information and services. The article presents the results of studies that confirm that electronic services enable users to quickly and efficiently find the required information, access electronic resources, order documents, and other library services. The authors also draw attention to the need to prepare users to use electronic library services and to develop a culture of electronic communication among library staff. The article concludes that using electronic services in libraries allows users to have quick and convenient access to the necessary information and services, increasing the library’s efficiency and user satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":386560,"journal":{"name":"Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences","volume":"221 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134238153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"«GREEN FLOORS” – THE FUTURE OF ECOLOGICAL CITIES","authors":"Anastasiіa Vasylynych, Inna Kyrytsya","doi":"10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-44-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-44-47","url":null,"abstract":"In this work the project of a multi-story ecological residential building with «green floors» is developed and original ideas are proposed that will reduce the negative impact of construction on the environment and improve people’s quality of life. «Green floors» are floors, the area of ​​which is decorated with flower beds and vertical gardens, as well as recreation areas. «Green floors» play the role of an oxygen station (having a positive effect on the environment), inter-floor sound insulation, reduce wind load and increase fire safety, allow developers to build more densely by reducing the area of ​​adjacent park areas. The increase in environmental trends in construction is due to several factors. One of the most important factors is the growing awareness of people about the impact of construction on the environment and human health. The threat of climate change and environmental crises has caused increased interest in ecological construction. In the proposed project, the roof of the house can be profitably used, receiving electricity not only with the help of solar panels, but also wind generators and hydro generators. By combining these three alternative energy systems, maximum energy accumulation can be achieved. «Green floors» are the future of high-tech ecological cities, which will not only add aesthetic charm to the urban landscape, but also bring tangible benefits. The construction of ecological residential buildings will solve environmental problems, improve the psycho-emotional state of people, and also save on electronic media. Today’s «green houses» are built quickly with relatively low cost, combining cost-effective solutions for energy carriers, and therefore have great potential for developers. The results obtained in the work can be used by specialists in the field of construction.","PeriodicalId":386560,"journal":{"name":"Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134286177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MODEL OF MIMIC EXPRESSIONS OF HUMAN EMOTIONAL STATES FOR THE VIDEO SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS","authors":"O. Kalyta","doi":"10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-143-145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-143-145","url":null,"abstract":"The presented paper proposes a novel computational model for generating facial expressions that mimic human emotional states. The authors aim to create a system that can generate realistic facial expressions to be used in human-robot interactions. The proposed model is based on the Facial Action Coding System, a widely used tool for describing facial expressions. FACS is used in this study to identify the muscles involved in each facial expression and the degree to which each muscle is activated. Several machine-learning techniques were utilized to learn the relationships between facial muscle activations and emotional states. In particular, a hyperplane classification was employed in the system for facial expressions representing major emotional states. The model’s primary advantage lies in its low computational complexity, which enables it to recognize changes in human emotional states through facial expressions without requiring specialized equipment, such as low-resolution or long-distance video cameras. The proposed approach is intended for use in control systems for various purposes, including security systems or monitoring drivers while operating vehicles. It was investigated that the proposed model could generate facial expressions similar to those produced by humans and that these expressions were recognized as conveying the intended emotional state by human observers. The authors also investigated the effect of different factors on the generation of facial expressions. Overall, the proposed model represents a promising approach for generating realistic facial expressions that mimic human emotional states and could have applications in improving security compliance in sensitive environments. However, carefully considering and managing potential ethical issues will be necessary to ensure the responsible use of this technology.","PeriodicalId":386560,"journal":{"name":"Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences","volume":"206 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133368919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO THE TRANSFORMATION OF REACTIVE POWER INTO AN ACTIVE POWER","authors":"Y. Batygin, S. Shinderuk, E. Chaplygin, Denis Fendrykov","doi":"10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-27-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-27-35","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the development of modern problems of the electric power industry in connection with the depletion of the planet’s natural resources is undeniable and initiates the development of new physical and technical solutions with the practical use of known natural phenomena. The method of this work is to propose, justifying the expediency of a possible scheme of a resonant converter of reactive power into activity and conducting an analysis of the electromagnetic processes occurring in them. The proposed schemes combine the presence of resonant parallel and resonant circuit complexes. The difference is in the way they are implemented. For the data of the joint circuit, the feature is the presence of two inductively coupled active-reactive circuits, but different in the ways of creating resonance conditions. For a circuit without an additional power source, it is shown that the successful implementation of resonance conditions is possible by choosing the appropriate element base. For a circuit with an additional source of harmonic voltage, it is shown that for a suitable setting it is possible to completely eliminate the negative influence of the converter circuit on the source of reactive power. Calculations for the experimental model show that with the appropriate selection of the element base, it is possible to obtain a conversion factor of ~ 1.0 with a minimal effect on the current in reactive power sources. Given the calculated ratios, the mathematical apparatus of the theory of electric circuits was used to substantiate the principle possibility of resonant transformation of electrical energy. Thus, methods of calculating the characteristics of transient processes in closed circuits with active-reactive elements. For the first time, with the justification of practical power, we offer the possibilities of the scheme of resonant transformation of reactive power into active power, and an analysis of the electromagnetic processes occurring in them is carried out. The proposed work was initiated by the current needs of the electric power industry, caused by the depletion of natural resources and the rapidly growing needs of the world economy. The results of the work illustrate the practical possibilities of creating real schemes for converting reactive electricity into active electricity.","PeriodicalId":386560,"journal":{"name":"Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132001202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RESEARCH ON IMPACT LOADING OF A MOBILE TRACKED PLATFORM WITH AN AUTONOMOUS STABILIZATION SYSTEM","authors":"A. Tkachuk, O. Gromovyi, O. Bezvesilna, V. Bondarchuk","doi":"10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-308-313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2023-319-1-308-313","url":null,"abstract":"The work presents a developed 3D model of a mobile robotic platform with an autonomous stabilization system for reconnaissance operations. Mobile robotic platforms have been found to be widely used in intelligence because they can help gather information from dangerous and hard-to-reach places and reduce the risk to the lives of intelligence personnel. Unmanned aerial vehicles and mobile robotic platforms with tracks are mainly used in reconnaissance. An important distinguishing quality of tracked mobile robots is their maneuverability. Having an independent drive for each of the tracks separately, the mobile robot can easily change the direction of its own movement. A study on shock loads (external influences on the system that can cause deformation, damage or destruction) of a mobile tracked platform with an autonomous stabilization system was conducted and the obtained results were described. The SOLIDWORKS software environment was used to model the design of the mobile platform. For numerical studies on impact loads, it is advisable to use linear elastic isotropic materials and bilinear Mises plastic materials. The results of the simulation of the movement of the mobile platform of the developed structure and the stresses in the collision with different speeds of 1, 5, 10, 25 m/s and the platform material carbon steel and rubber are presented. It was established that when a mobile platform collides with speeds of up to 25 m/s, the maximum stresses do not exceed 1.85 MPa, which gives a sufficient margin of strength in the event of impact loads for the selected material of the mobile platform. The use of steel inserts allows you to reduce the value of the maximum contact stresses under impact load, but increases the cost of the mobile platform, increases the total weight and, accordingly, reduces the operating time from the installed power batteries.","PeriodicalId":386560,"journal":{"name":"Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132366030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}