{"title":"Effectiveness of Calina Papaya Leaf Ethanol Extract on The Red Blood Profile of Wistar Rats Exposed to Cigarette Smoke","authors":"Haris Setiawan, Wiwin Ariesti","doi":"10.12928/jbns.v4i1.10062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12928/jbns.v4i1.10062","url":null,"abstract":"Cigarette smoke is a source of exogenous free radicals that can affect the blood. Calina Papaya leaves contain secondary metabolites that act as antioxidants. The purpose of the study was to analyze the antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of Calina Papaya leaves using DPPH method and to analyze the difference in red blood profile of wistar rats exposed to cigarette smoke after administration of Calina Papaya Leaves Ethanol Extract (CPLEE). The research method used 24 wistar rats with oral administration of CPLEE for 23 days and exposure to cigarette smoke for 15 days. There are 4 treatments, namely rats not exposed to cigarette smoke and given distilled water (K), rats exposed to cigarette smoke (KN), rats given CPLEE 100 mg/Kg BW then exposed to cigarette smoke (P1) and rats given CPLEE 200 mg/Kg BW then exposed to cigarette smoke (P2). Parameters observed were red blood profile (erythrocyte number, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW). Blood was collected through the orbital sinus and analyzed using a hematology analyzer. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA and Duncan Multiple Range Test (P<0.05). The results showed the IC50 value of the extract was 1,194.1 ppm while ascorbic acid was 22.92 ppm. The number of erythrocytes, MCV, MCH and RDW showed significant differences between groups with the highest treatment in P1. The conclusion shows that the antioxidant activity of CPLEE is very weak compared to ascorbic acid but the red blood profile (erythrocytes, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW) in treatment P1 is higher than other treatments.","PeriodicalId":385821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141680918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deva Anggun Irvanita, Dita Rohmantin, Fatihatuljannah Adz-Dzikir, Tri Puspita Sari, Rifa Fatma Jinan, O. R. Aji
{"title":"Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Turmeric Plants (Curcuma longa L.) Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli","authors":"Deva Anggun Irvanita, Dita Rohmantin, Fatihatuljannah Adz-Dzikir, Tri Puspita Sari, Rifa Fatma Jinan, O. R. Aji","doi":"10.12928/jbns.v4i1.10276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12928/jbns.v4i1.10276","url":null,"abstract":"Endophytic fungi are fungi that live in a mutualistic relationship with their hosts. They can produce secondary metabolites that are similar to the host plant. Turmeric plants (Curcuma longa L) are highly valued for their medicinal properties and contain active compounds in their rhizomes that act as antibacterials. This study aimed to measure the inhibitory effect of endophytic fungi from turmeric rhizomes against the growth of two bacteria, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The study involved isolating fungi, observing macroscopic and microscopic morphology, and testing the antibacterial activity of turmeric endophytic fungi against E. coli and S. aureus. A type of endophytic fungi was successfully isolated from the turmeric plant. The morphological characteristics of the endophytic fungi from turmeric plants include a white colour with a cotton-like texture, umbonate topography, radial lines, and concentric circles. In contrast, the microscopic characteristics include septate hyphae and conidia. Turmeric endophytic fungi were found to inhibit both pathogenic bacteria with inhibition zones of 19.25 mm (strong) against E. coli and 13.75 mm (strong) against S. aureus. In conclusion, this study successfully isolated endophytic fungi from turmeric plants that can inhibit the growth of E. coli and S. aureus. However, further identification of the strain and activity tests is necessary to determine the effectiveness of the bioactive compounds in inhibiting the growth of bacteria.","PeriodicalId":385821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science","volume":"92 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141683677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Establishing Geographical Indicator of Fermented Cacao Beans Using Microbiome Fingerprinting","authors":"Imam Bagus Nugroho, Abdul Rahman Siregar","doi":"10.12928/jbns.v4i1.10775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12928/jbns.v4i1.10775","url":null,"abstract":"Geographical indication is an essential label for industrial products. Herein, we aimed to explore a method for establishing geographical indications based on microbial diversity data. We collected two groups of datasets available on the public server of the European Nucleotide Archive. These datasets contain 12 (twelve) NGS-generated reads (amplicon sequencing metagenomes) of fermented cacao beans from Brazil and Mexico. We extracted the microbiome profile using bioinformatic tools in the SHAMAN server. We analyzed further using Principal Component Analysis, Clustering (Ward’s Method of Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering), and UMAP (Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection) combined with KNN (K-Nearest Neighbor). We discovered differences in microbial diversity and unique taxa in the fermented cacao beans from Brazil and Mexico. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), such as Liquorilactobacillus, Tatumella, Leuconostoc, Companilactobacillus, and Limosilactobacillus, are unique genera in samples from Mexico, while Bacillus is a unique genus found in samples from Brazil. We have demonstrated the separation of the microbiome profiles between fermented cacao beans from Brazil and Mexico using PCA, clustering analysis and UMAP-KNN. We have successfully developed the proof of concept in establishing geographical indicators based on microbial diversity data or microbiome profiles. In the future, we will extend this research to analyze samples from Indonesia and establish a microbial diversity database of Indonesian fermented cacao. This database is essential for the authentication assay of Indonesian fermented cacao and for developing fine cacao and specialty products.","PeriodicalId":385821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science","volume":" 43","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141680800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yatin Mulyono, S. Suranto, Sri Yamtinah, S. Sarwanto, Abdul Jamil
{"title":"Biogas: Strengthening Green Energy Infrastructure for a More Sustainable Future","authors":"Yatin Mulyono, S. Suranto, Sri Yamtinah, S. Sarwanto, Abdul Jamil","doi":"10.12928/jbns.v4i1.10266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12928/jbns.v4i1.10266","url":null,"abstract":"Biogas has been available as a renewable energy source to accelerate national economic development. This research aimed to analyze the potential of renewable energy production development in Indonesia and present the application of potential waste processing into biogas. This study fills the knowledge gap through a critical review of the potential for developing renewable energy from animal waste in Indonesia, including biogas, power generation, transportation, and value-added chemicals. This study was conducted using a critical review of research articles and is supported by other related literature. The result of the study showed that Indonesia has great potential to develop biogas production due to its substrate availability, particularly from farm animal waste or other organic waste, even though its utilization has not been maximized. The data showed that primary energy consumption, especially in the industrial and transportation sectors, was dominated by fossil fuels and coal. The production of biogas technology development comprehensively included the processes and techniques of waste handling from biogas production. Most of the biogas application approaches were still in the early stage. Identifying opportunities, obstacles, policies, research, and development is still needed, particularly in this relatively new sector.","PeriodicalId":385821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science","volume":"176 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141681954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Breeding Place Preference of Aedes sp. at the Tsunami Area Banda Aceh City","authors":"Elita Agustina, Muhammad Farhan Putra Emil","doi":"10.12928/jbns.v4i1.10400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12928/jbns.v4i1.10400","url":null,"abstract":"The rebuilding of the post-tsunami community residential in Banda Aceh has had an impact on the emergence of Aedes habitat. The Aedes choose a container to breed based on biotic and abiotic factors that support their survival. This study aimed to the identification of Aedes species, location and type positive containers Aedes larvae at the area tsunami Banda Aceh. Methods an observational study of a cross-sectional approach involved 100 houses. Data larvae were collected using the single larvae method. Observations of containers were carried out in natural and artificial containers, indoors and outdoors. Positive containers Aedes larvae were recorded for the type of container and location found. The result of the study found two species of Aedes, there were Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Larvae of Ae. aegypti was generally found in containers indoors (71%) and containers outdoors (29%). Larvae of Ae. albopictus were found in containers indoors (10%) and containers outdoors (90%). The types of positive breeding containers of Ae. aegypti found were bathtubs (71%), discarded tires (9%), plastic drums (5%), water tanks (5%), watering pots (5%) and flower pots (5%). The containers were observed found larvae of Ae. albopictus were the bucket (30%), plastic drum (20%), bathtub (10%), discarded tires (10%), pet drinking place (10%), mineral water jar (10%) and coconut shells (10%). Monitoring of containers indoors and outdoors that can hold water is important supports the eradication program breeding places of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus.","PeriodicalId":385821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141680513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of An Additional Amount of Fish and Fermentation Time on The Sensory Properties of The Lemea","authors":"Abdul Aziz, O. R. Aji","doi":"10.12928/jbns.v3i1.8261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12928/jbns.v3i1.8261","url":null,"abstract":"Lemea, a traditional fermented food of the Rejang people in Bengkulu, is made from young bamboo and fish. The fish commonly used in the making Lemea is Mozambique tilapia or Mujair (Oreochromis mossambicus). The fermentation process typically lasts between 3 to 7 days. This study aimed to assess the sensory characteristics, including taste, color, texture, and aroma, of Lemea, based on the preferences of panelists. The variations examined were fermentation duration, and the amount of Mujair fish added. The research followed a completely randomized design, incorporating three fermentation durations (24, 96, and 144 hours) and three fish quantities (250 grams, 500 grams, and 750 grams). Sensory evaluations were conducted on the fermented samples, encompassing taste, aroma, texture, and color. The data revealed that the most favored taste and texture of Lemea were achieved with 500 grams of fish and a fermentation duration of 144 hours (J2W3). Likewise, the preferred aroma and color were observed in the sample with 750 grams of fish and 24 hours of fermentation (J3W1). The data analysis indicated that the sample with 500 grams of fish and a fermentation duration of 144 hours (J2W3) exhibited the most favorable sensory characteristics (taste, aroma, texture, and color). Thus, the quantity of fish added and the duration of fermentation influenced the sensory attributes of Lemea.","PeriodicalId":385821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science","volume":"33 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139445239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sutan Nur Chamida Tri Astuti, Jumailatus Solihah, Siti Aisah
{"title":"Potential of Salvinia molesta as a Copper Phytoremediation Agent based on Gene Expression Analysis","authors":"Sutan Nur Chamida Tri Astuti, Jumailatus Solihah, Siti Aisah","doi":"10.12928/jbns.v3i1.9739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12928/jbns.v3i1.9739","url":null,"abstract":"This research explores the rapid environmental impact of the batik industry, particularly concerning batik waste pollution, especially from the heavy metal copper (Cu). Untreated batik waste can have adverse effects on the environment. The study highlights the potential of the water fern plant (Salvinia molesta) as a heavy metal phytoremediator, specifically for Cu, by activating phytochelatin synthase. The research aims to determine the most effective waste concentration for Cu absorption by water ferns, measure the reduction in Cu levels after phytoremediation treatment, evaluate post-phytoremediation water quality, and observe PCS gene expression in the roots and leaves of water ferns. A static method is employed with variations in waste concentrations. Data analysis utilizes one-way ANOVA for Cu level reduction and changes in water quality. The results indicate that the most effective wastewater concentration for absorbing heavy metal copper (Cu) using water fern (Salvinia molesta) is 2%. The highest reduction in heavy metal copper (Cu) concentration after phytoremediation treatment with water fern (Salvinia molesta) is 41.48%. Water quality post-phytoremediation treatment using water fern (Salvinia molesta) at all concentrations exhibits improvement with an increase in dissolved oxygen (DO) levels. The expression of the phytochelatin synthase (PCS) gene in the leaves and roots of water fern (Salvinia molesta) confirms the role of the PCS gene in binding heavy metal copper (Cu) to the plant's vacuole.","PeriodicalId":385821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science","volume":"6 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139445350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Banana Bark and Cow's Blood Meal Compost on the Green Lettuce Plants (Lactuca sativa L.) Growth","authors":"A. Pratiwi, Ayu Wulandari","doi":"10.12928/jbns.v3i1.8365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12928/jbns.v3i1.8365","url":null,"abstract":"Green lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a vegetable crop that is in great demand by the public, but its production is relatively low so that it cannot meet the high market demand. One of the efforts to increase the production of green lettuce plants is by applying organic fertilizer. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of C, N, P, K elements, the effect of compost application for growth and optimal dosage. The research method used a complete randomized design (CRD) four treatments namely Control, A (dose of 60 g), B (dose of 120 g) and C (dose of 180 g) with 5 replications. Data from the study were analyzed using the Anova test, significant data continued with the DMRT 5% further test. Testing the effect with simple liner regression analysis. The results showed that compost gave a blackish brown color after 35 days and had no odor and obtained nutrient values of C (41,77%), N (6,92%), P (0,09%) and K (0,12%). The treatment of compost variations produced plant height of 26,80 cm, number of leaves of 10,60 leaf, plant wet weight of 22,40 gram, root weight of 0,57 gram, root length of 12,94 cm leaf area of 130,06 cm² with significant results, while chlorophyll A (0,19 mg/L) and total (0,616 mg/L) levels had insignificant results. The conclusion of the research is that the compost of banana stalks and cow blood meal contains C by 41,77%, Total N by 6,92%, Total P by 0,09% and Total K by 0,12%. Banana pith compost and cow blood flour had a significant effect on all parameters of green lettuce plant growth except leaf chlorophyll content at the most optimal dose was treatment A (dose of 60 g).","PeriodicalId":385821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139445642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Morphological Structure of the Body Setae as Mechanoreceptor on the Mesonotum of Telenomus remus Nixon (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae)","authors":"Bramantyo Wikantyoso, I. Putra","doi":"10.12928/jbns.v3i1.9424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12928/jbns.v3i1.9424","url":null,"abstract":"Telenomus remus is parasitoid on many Lepidpoteran. Morphological analysis on T. remus is important to understand their behavior and assest the quality of parasitoid comes from the mass rearing process. However, the information of T. remus body setae cuticle characteristics were limited. This study aimed to explore the body setae on the mesonotum of of T. remus by using electron microscopy analysis and characterize their cuticle characterisics to infer the putative function of the body setae. The results showed structures that support the body setae on the mesonotum as mechanoreceptor. The structure included the long and dangling seta peg, a socket, and a gap between a socket and the base of the seta peg. The putative function related to the biology and behavior of T. remus were discussed.","PeriodicalId":385821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science","volume":"47 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139446137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spodoptera frugiperda J.E SMITH Attack on Non-Maize Crops in Bantul Regency","authors":"Tasya Triana Putri, I. Putra","doi":"10.12928/jbns.v3i1.9287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12928/jbns.v3i1.9287","url":null,"abstract":"Spodoptera frugiperda is a polyphagous insect that has a main host of corn plants and attacks corn plants in the vegetative to generative phase. Besides corn, S. frugiperda has been reported to have other alternative host plants. The purpose of this study was to analyze the type of S. frugiperda attack most often found on alternative host plants and analyze the types of plants other than corn that are most often used as alternative hosts by S. frugiperda in Bantul Regency. This research was conducted in Bantul Regency in January-April 2023. Samples were taken from two villages from each sub-district in Bantul Regency. The research was conducted using survey method to determine the village as the research location and purposive method for sampling the alternative host plants. Samples taken were plants around corn fields with symptoms of S. frugiperda attack in the form of perforated leaves or traces of feces from feeding activities or S. frugiperda egg packages. The results of this study showed that 29 plant species from 13 families were attacked by S. frugiperda in Bantul Regency. The most common type of S. frugiperda attack was bite marks (60%). The most commonly attacked plant species came from the Poaceae family, namely elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum). The conclusion of this study is that S. frugiperda has attacked plants other than corn in 17 sub-districts in Bantul Regency.","PeriodicalId":385821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science","volume":"1 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139446837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}