{"title":"Possible High Effective Pockels Effect for Photorefractive Gain in III-V Compounds by Using the Franz-Keldysh Effect.","authors":"G. Picoli, P. Gravey, N. Wolffer, V. Vieux","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.pd5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.pd5","url":null,"abstract":"Modest performance of photorefractive III-V semiconductors is expected in experiments such as two wave mixing (2WM) in the absence of external field, due to their low electro-optic coefficient. Nevertheless we have recently shown experimentally and theoretically that InP:Fe exhibits an average gain higher than 10 cm-1 (with maximum of 20 cm-1 in agreement with theory) [1,2]. This gain can be high enough to obtain the Double Phase Conjugated Mirror (DPCM) phenomena at 1.06 μm with a sample no longer than 5 mm [2]. The underlying physics of such high gain is a synergy of hole and electron emissions giving rise to a new mechanism of resonance [1], which will be named here hydrodynamic resonance.","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132016430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Subharmonics in BSO","authors":"L. Au, L. Solymar, K. Ringhofer","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.b4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.b4","url":null,"abstract":"In 1988, Mallick et al.[1] found self-generated subharmonics in Bi12SiO20 (BSO). They used two coherent almost linear pump beams (wave vectors \u0000k→\u0000 p\u0000 and \u0000k→\u0000 p\u0000 \u0000 ′\u0000 , see Fig. 1) with grating vector \u0000K→ and frequency detuning Ω, impinging on a 1 cm thick BSO crystal. For a certain frequency detuning, they observed a third beam in the middle between the two pump beams with intensity as high as 40% of the pump beam intensity. The length of the grating vector for the grating written by one of the pump beams and the third beam was approximately K/2 and therefore they called the new beam a K/2-subharmonic.","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132306383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photorefractive Holograms In LiNbO3 With Multiple Trapping Species","authors":"D. Brady, D. Kagan, D. Raguin, D. Psaltis","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.b7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.b7","url":null,"abstract":"We have observed in certain LiNbO3 samples that the diffraction efficiency of sufficiently strong volume holograms may increase substantially before eventually decaying when illuminated with a uniform, non-Bragg matched beam. Such an increase is not predicted by the single trap version of Kuktarev’s band transport equations, nor can it be attributed to two wave mixing effects. We believe that the increase is due to the presence of multiple photo-active species in the crystal. In this paper we describe our experimental results and attempt to explain them using a multiple trap band transport theory. Such a theory was first described by Valley [1]. Our analysis differs from [1] in the assumed initial conditions. Specifically, we assume, and observe experimentally, that the temporal derivative of the space charge field is positive at the beginning of the erasure process. We also consider the implications of this effect for multiple hologram storage and adaptive holography.","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130775881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Stepanov, M. P. Petrov, I. Sokolov, G.S. Trovimov
{"title":"Holographic Currents and Non-steady-state Photo-emf in Cubic Photorefractive Crystals","authors":"S. Stepanov, M. P. Petrov, I. Sokolov, G.S. Trovimov","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.j3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.j3","url":null,"abstract":"The transient and steady-state photo-emf in crystals having ambipolar photoconductivity is discussed. We present applications to impurity concentration determination and characteristics of photocarriers (sign, average lifetime and diffusion length)","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130828223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of photorefractive gratings induced in BSO crystals by picosecond pulses","authors":"E. Brotóns, G. Pauliat, G. Roosen","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.dp3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.dp3","url":null,"abstract":"Sillenites crystals are the subject of intense investigations in view of either studying their basic properties or realizing devices.","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132865395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-Fidelity Dynamic Imaging with Photorefractive Materials","authors":"N. Vainos, M. Gower","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.jp4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.jp4","url":null,"abstract":"Photorefractive crystals such as BaTiO3 Bi12SiO20 (BSO) and SrxBa1−xNb2O6 (SBN) have photosensitivities to visible light which are comparable to the best photographic emulsions (~100 μJ/cm2) and are simultaneously capable of recording information of extremely high resolution (~200 nm) with response times as short as 10 psec. Currently the properties of these materials are being thoroughly studied for potential applications in image processing, beam clean up, image amplification and projection.","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124396424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Keibin Xu, Youlong Yu, Haiying Xu, Yang Y. Yuan, Huanchu Chen, Qinglun Zhang, Yuhuan Xu, De-rui Zhu
{"title":"The Properties of Phase-Conjugate In Photorefractive SBN:Cu Crystal","authors":"Keibin Xu, Youlong Yu, Haiying Xu, Yang Y. Yuan, Huanchu Chen, Qinglun Zhang, Yuhuan Xu, De-rui Zhu","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.bp3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.bp3","url":null,"abstract":"The phase-conjugate reflectivities are measured relating with the incident angle in SBN:Cu crystal. The signal intensity dependence of the crystal response time and phase-conjugate reflectivity is given. The decay time of phase-conjugate is proved varying with the applied electric field.","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117032407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coupling Between Transmission and Reflection Gratings in Photorefractive Phase Conjugators","authors":"Guifang Li, G. Papen, B. Saleh","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.i3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.i3","url":null,"abstract":"In most derivations of the reflectivity of a photorefractive phase conjugator, the contributions from the transmission grating and reflection grating are assumed to be independent. This is in general not correct We show that within the undepleted pump approximation, the transmission and reflection gratings can couple through a grating formed by the two counter-propagating pump waves. We present a general linearized theory including this coupling and show that it significantly alters the response.","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123717067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study on Crystal Growth of BSO and Fabrication of PROM","authors":"Xu Lianying, Shu Biyun, Xiao Bing","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.ap3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.ap3","url":null,"abstract":"PROM(Pockels Readout Optical Modulator) is a solid state, rapidly recyclable spatial light modulator, which can be addressed optically and ultilized for storage, write-in and read-out of two-dimensional digital signals as well as analogous images of different grey scales. Up to now it is still regarded to be one kind of the spatial light modulators of practicable use in the field of real-time optical signal processing and optical computing.","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126737514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self Pumped Phase Conjugation and Optical Light Oscillation in Fe Doped KNbO3","authors":"C. Medrano, M. Ingold, P. Günter","doi":"10.1364/pmed.1990.pd7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/pmed.1990.pd7","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, self-pumped phase conjugation and self-induced photorefractive light oscillation have been reported, using different photorefractive materials. The main photorefractive materials used in these experiments are BaTiO3 and Bi12SiO20. In ferroelectric BaTiO3 the high electro-optic coefficients give rise to large reflectivities. In photoconductive and paraelectric Bi12SiO20 phase shifting techniques lead to enhanced self-diffracted intensities and phase conjugate reflectivities. KNbO3 is such a material which in addition to its high photorefractive sensitivity3 and large beam coupling gain4, has been shown to become highly photoconductive if prepared properly, leading to optimized response speed5 down to 100 μs. In a degenerate four wave mixing configuration, maximum phase conjugate reflectivities up to 25% with an applied electric field have been observed several years ago6. In a previous paper7 and for the first time, the possibility of using KNbO3 crystals for self-induced optical resonators has been reported. Both an unidirectional ring and a linear resonator configurations were realized and coherent light oscillations observed. Build up time constants of milliseconds were reported when an undoped reduced KNbO3 crystal was employed. However the measured phase conjugate reflectivity for these configurations were very small. Later on self-pumped phase conjugation in KNbO3 has been reported at 124°C8. In this paper we report on self-pumped phase conjugation experiments, performed with an iron doped KNbO3 crystal at room temperature in both a linear and a passive ring resonator configuration. We also report on self-pumped phase conjugation in a configuration requiring no external optical elements. Results deriving from degenerate four-wave mixing are also presented.","PeriodicalId":385625,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Photorefractive Materials, Effects, and Devices II","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126269619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}