Journal of the Cameroon academy of sciences最新文献

{"title":"Optimal removal of bisphenol A by biosorbent based on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) shell: Adsorption mechanism, nonlinear kinetics and isotherm.","authors":"Fotso Matueno Larissa zita, Clive Neba Akongnwi, Pascal Touna Touna, K. Théophile, A. Bopda, D. Tchuifon, Christopher Suh","doi":"10.4314/jcas.v19i2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jcas.v19i2.7","url":null,"abstract":"La pollution de l’environnement demeure l’un des problèmes majeurs découlant du développement technologique. Le rejet d’eaux usées contenant ce polluant dans l’environnement sans traitement préalable a de graves conséquences pour les êtres vivants. L’objectif de cette étude était d’utiliser des coquilles d’arachides pour éliminer le BPA dans les eaux usées, où, les spectres infrarouges et les diffractogrammes des matériaux ; et autre méthodes ont été spécifiquement étudiées. Dans cette étude, le plan composite central a été utilisé pour optimiser les facteurs qui affectent l’adsorption du BPA de la solution. Ces facteurs comprennent la concentration initiale, la le pH de la solution, le temps de contact, et la masse de carbone sur la réponse qui est l’adsorbé quantité de BPA. Les valeurs respectives de pH et de pHpzc sont de 5,99 et 6,34 pour les PAB; 6.24 et 7.35 pour les PAN et 6,38 et 6,58 pour les PAU. Des études cinétiques ont trouvé l’Elovich et le pseudo-second les modèles cinétiques d’ordre expliquent mieux le mécanisme d’adsorption des PAB, PAN et PAU. Cordialement aux isothermes d’adsorption, les isothermes de Langmuir, Langmuir-Freundlich et Redlich-peterson ont montré une meilleure capacité d’adsorption pour la biosorption du BPA en solution aqueuse par les PAB, PAN et PAU en ce qui concerne les valeurs du coefficient de corrélation et des erreurs. \u0000Environmental pollution remains as one of the major problems arising from technological development. The discharge of waste water containing this pollutant into the environment without prior treatment has serious consequences for living beings. The objective of this study was to use peanut shells to eliminate BPA in waste water, where, the infrared spectra and diffractograms of materials; and other methods were specifically studied. In this study, the central composite design was used to optimize the factors that aûect the adsorption of BPA from solution. These factors include initial concentration, the pH of the solution, the contact time, and the mass of carbon on the response which is the adsorbed quantity of BPA. The respective pH and pHpzc values are 5.99 and 6.34 for the PABs; 6.24 and 7.35 for the PANs and 6.38 and 6.58 for the PAUs. Kinetic studies found the Elovich and pseudo-secondorder kinetic models better explain the adsorption mechanism for PABs, PANs, and PAUs. With regards to the adsorption isotherms, the Langmuir, Langmuir-Freundlich and Redlich-peterson isotherms showed a better adsorption capacity for the biosorption of BPA in aqueous solution by PABs, PANs and PAUs with regard to the values of the correlation coefficient and errors. ","PeriodicalId":383706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Cameroon academy of sciences","volume":"282 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131851891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of pre-sowing techniques on selected seeds of savanna agroforestry tree species","authors":"N. Oyebamiji, O. O. Ojekunle, O.O. Opanike, J. Yisau","doi":"10.4314/jcas.v19i1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jcas.v19i1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The ability of a forest ecosystem to regenerate is crucial for its sustainable exploitation and conservation. Hence, seed is a fundamental material for regeneration. Germination requirements of seeds were investigated at the Forest Nursery Unit of Federal University Dutsin-Ma to assess the effects of presowing techniques on selected seeds of savanna agroforestry tree species. A 5 x 5 factorial in randomized complete block design was used for this experiment in four replicates. The factors were agroforestry tree seeds (AFTS); Acacia nilotica (AN); Parkia biglobosa (PB); Diospyros mespiliformis (DMk); Detarium microcapum (DMt); Adansonia digitata (AD) and pre-sowing treatments; Seeds soaked in 60 % diluted Tetraoxosulphate (VI) acid (H2SO ) (A); mechanical scarification (Ms); hot water at 600 C (HW); seeds soaked in water for 24 hours (W); control (C). AD seeds had significantly higher values (13.84, 4.64, and 10.50) on the wet weight of shoot (WWS), dry weight shoot (DWS), and wet weight of root (WWR) at 10 weeks after sowing (WAS), respectively. A. digitata seeds experienced consistent significantly higher values (13.81. 13.84, 13.89, 13.89 and 13.81, and 4.62, 4.72, 4.60, 4.57 and 4.71) on WWS and DWS at 10 WAS respectively. Mechanically scarified seeds had significantly higher value (2.11) on DWS at 10 WAS. Therefore, mechanical scarification significantly affects the agroforestry tree species of A. digitata among others. Based on this, we recommend mechanical scarification as an effective pre-sowing technique to break seed dormancy and increase seedling biomass. \u0000La capacité d’un écosystème forestier à se régénérer est cruciale pour son exploitation et sa conservation durables. Par conséquent, la semence est un matériau fondamental pour la régénération. Les exigences de germination des graines ont été étudiées à l’unité de pépinière forestière de l’Université fédérale Dutsin-Ma pour évaluer les effets des techniques de pré-semis sur des graines sélectionnées d’espèces d’arbres agroforestiers de savane. Un factoriel de 5 x 5 dans une conception en blocs complets randomisés a été utilisé pour cette expérience en quatre répétitions. Les facteurs étaient les semences d’arbres agroforestiers (AFTS); Acacia nilotica (AN); Parkia biglobosa (PB); Diospyros mespiliformis (DMk); Detarium microcapum (DMt); Adansonia digitata (AD) et traitements de pré-semis; Graines trempées dans de l’acide tétraoxosulfate (VI) dilué à 60 % (H2SO4) (A); scarification mécanique (Ms) ; eau chaude à 600 C (EC); graines trempées dans l’eau pendant 24 heures (W); contrôle (C). Les graines AD avaient des valeurs significativement plus élevées (13,84, 4,64 et 10,50) sur le poids humide de la pousse (WWS), le poids sec de la pousse (DWS) et le poids humide de la racine (WWR) à 10 semaines après le semis (WAS), respectivement. Les graines d’A. digitata ont présenté des valeurs significativement plus élevées (13,81, 13,84, 13,89, 13,89 et 13,81, et 4,62, 4,72, 4,60, 4,57 et 4,71) ","PeriodicalId":383706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Cameroon academy of sciences","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122465029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Africentric epistemologies and ontologies directing research on African issues for authentic outcomes","authors":"T. Tchombe, Lambert Wirdze","doi":"10.4314/jcas.v19i1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jcas.v19i1.5","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of research in Africa has often been limited only to areas where funding exists, accordingly failing to address the all-important issue of Africentrism (Sawyer, 2004). Such research outcomes impacting policy respond to narrowly defined objectives of the funding agencies thus missing out in documenting the held ideals and values of the people and culture. Studies of this nature use research methods built on Eurocentric theories, not well equipped to handle typical contextual issues relevant in understanding African epistemologies as valid frames of reference for addressing African reality. People’s philosophy and psychology depict their mind theory in the way they think, feel, and function, given the relational nature of the culture. This paper, therefore, advocates for more reflections on research methodological approaches in the conduct of research that takes into consideration the relevance of Africentric epistemologies and ontologies. The responsiveness of research is of value to what constitutes a people’s behaviours; how these behaviours patterns are acquired, represented and the purpose these serve in human existence. Africentric epistemological experiences are deeply rooted in the logical processes of induction whereby knowledge is socially constructed from specific observations and interdependent behaviours to broader generalizations and theories. This paper advocates the adoption of an inductive approach to understand the reality of the context before subjection to deductive methodologies for scientific rigour. \u0000L’accent de la recherche en Afrique a souvent été limité aux seuls domaines où le financement existe, échouant par conséquent à aborder la question primordiale de l’Africentrisme (Sawyer, 2004). De tels résultats de recherche ayant un impact sur la politique répondent à des objectifs étroitement définis des agences de financement, manquant ainsi de documenter les idéaux et les valeurs du peuple et de la culture. Les études de cette nature utilisent des méthodes de recherche fondées sur des théories eurocentriques, mal équipées pour traiter les problèmes contextuels typiques et pertinents pour comprendre les épistémologies africaines en tant que cadres de référence valables pour aborder la réalité africaine. La philosophie et la psychologie des gens décrivent leur théorie de l’esprit dans la façon dont ils pensent, ressentent et fonctionnent, compte tenu de la nature relationnelle de la culture. Cet article plaide donc pour plus de réflexions sur les approches méthodologiques de recherche qui prennent en considération la pertinence des épistémologies et ontologies africentriques. La réactivité de la recherche est importante pour ce qui constitue les comportements d’un peuple ; comment ces modèles de comportements sont acquis, représentés et le but qu’ils servent dans l’existence humaine. Les expériences épistémologiques africentriques sont profondément enracinées dans les processus logiques d’induction par lesquels la co","PeriodicalId":383706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Cameroon academy of sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134457252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of production practices to minimize diseases and postharvest losses of soybean (Glycine max L. (Merr.))","authors":"Clive Neba Akongnwi, Chuyong George Bindeh, Neba Godlove Ambe, C. Suh","doi":"10.4314/jcas.v19i1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jcas.v19i1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is a leguminous crop which is a very important source of dietary protein and oil in animal feed, and a staple for human consumption. It is the fourth most important crop in the world in terms of area harvested and production. The stored products are usually subjected to postharvest losses, most of which begin from the field. These losses can be due to poor field or postharvest practices, which can lead to total grain loss. The objectives of this study were to determine appropriate field practices and postharvest storage practices that minimize the infection and spoilage of soybean grains. The field was laid out in an RCBD with 3 blocks of 6 treatments and the storage experiment was laid in a CRD, based on the 6 field treatments, subjected to two drying methods and stored under 5 storage systems. Results showed that plants that were mulched, produced more nodules and had higher yields compared to non-mulched. Plants that received chemical treatments before harvest showed less disease incidence at storage than the untreated and plants stored in packages with or without botanicals showed less disease incidence at storage than those stored in open air. \u0000Le soja (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) est une légumineuse qui est une source très importante de protéines alimentaires et d’huile dans l’alimentation animale, et un aliment de base pour la consommation humaine. C’est la quatrième culture la plus importante au monde en termes de superficie récoltée et de production. Les produits stockés sont généralement soumis à des pertes post-récolte, dont la plupart commencent au champ. Ces pertes peuvent être dues à de mauvaises pratiques sur le terrain ou après la récolte, ce qui peut entraîner une perte totale de grains. Les objectifs de cette étude étaient de déterminer les pratiques de terrain appropriées et les pratiques de stockage post-récolte qui minimisent l’infection et la détérioration des grains de soja. L‘essai a été disposé dans un RCBD avec 3 blocs de 6 traitements et l’essai de stockage a été disposée dans un RCB, basée sur les 6 traitements du champ, soumis à deux méthodes de séchage et stockés sous 5 systèmes de stockage. Les résultats ont montré que les plantes paillées produisaient plus de nodules et avaient des rendements plus élevés que les plantes non paillées. Les plantes qui ont reçu des traitements chimiques avant la récolte ont montré une incidence de maladie moindre au stockage que les plantes non traitées et les plantes stockées dans des emballages avec ou sans plantes ont montré une incidence de maladie moindre au stockage que celles stockées à l’air libre.","PeriodicalId":383706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Cameroon academy of sciences","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114626619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Etat de connaissance des tiques et des maladies transmises dans les systèmes de production de bovins viande au Cameroun, Afrique Centrale","authors":"Hamidou Hayatou, Fatima Amarir, M. Bouslikhane, A. Rhalem, Julius Awah-Ndukum, F. Meutchieye","doi":"10.4314/jcas.v19i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jcas.v19i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Cette étude visait à évaluer le niveau de connaissance des parties prenantes concernant les tiques et les maladies transmises par les tiques dans le secteur de la production de viande bovine en zone tropicale humide. A cet effet, 125 éleveurs ont été identifiés et interrogés dans 3 départements des différentes zones agro-écologiques ainsi que les personnels administratifs du ministère en charge de l’élevage. Les résultats obtenus montrent que les éleveurs de bovins sont majoritairement de sexe masculin (92 %) et ont une meilleure connaissance des tiques (89,6 %). Ces éleveurs sont âgés de plus de 50 ans (42,4%), sans instruction formelle (46,4%) pratiquant un système d’élevage extensif (70,4%). Les animaux sont énéralement abreuvés (87,2%) et suivis au plan vétérinaire de manière régulière (53,6%). La plupart des éleveurs ont une bonne connaissance des tiques (96%), de leur régime alimentaire (92,8%) et de leur localisation ; cependant ils ont une connaissance moyenne du rôle des tiques comme vecteurs de maladies chez les animaux (53,6%) et les humains. Les principales contraintes à la production sont le vol (46,4%), les coûts d’aliments et d’intrants vétérinaires (21,6%). Les traitements classiques sont utilisés ainsi que les pratiques ethnovétérinaires avec une place plus importante pour l’association des deux (67,2%). Il est apparu une dépendance entre la connaissance des tiques, la localité, les méthodes de contrôle et de traitement. L’impact économique était important en termes de perte de poids, de baisse de la production de viande et de lait (95,2%). Les connaissances endogènes rassemblées ouvrent des perspectives relativement au choix des ressources génétiques bovines adaptées aux pressions parasitaires en contexte camerounais. \u0000This study aims at assessing the local knowledge of ticks and tick-borne diseases in the beef production sector in the humid tropics. For this purpose, 125 cattle keepers were sampled and interviewed in 3divisions of the different agro ecological regions as well as the administrative staff of the ministry in charge of livestock. The results show that among cattle keepers, men were the majority (92%) and that they had better knowledge of ticks (89.6%). These keepers were over 50 years old (42.4%), without formal education (46.4%) and practicing an extensive husbandry system (70.4%). Animals were usually dipped into anti-tick medicies (87.2%) with fairly regular veterinary monitoring (53.6%). Majority of keepers had a good knowledge of ticks (96%), their feeding habits (92.8%) and their anatomic location preference but had an average knowledge of the role of ticks as diseases’ vectors in animals (53.6%) and humans. The main production constraints faced by respondents were theft (46.4%), feeds’ access and veterinary inputs (21.6%). Classical medicines were used as well as ethnoveterinary approaches with important place for the combination of both (67.2%). There is dependence between the knowledge of ticks, the locali","PeriodicalId":383706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Cameroon academy of sciences","volume":"39 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130259604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why infectious diseases persist: A Rapid review of the social determinants of Malaria, Cholera, Tuberculosis and Yellow Fever in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Florence Agweibab","doi":"10.4314/jcas.v19i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jcas.v19i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"This review highlights the social determinants associated with some infectious diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) over the past decade. Guided by PRISMA and Population Concept and Context (PCC), database searches in PubMed, Science Direct Elsevier, Springer Link, Plos One, and Google search were employed to identify relevant studies. For extraction of relevant data from the scripts, Metaanalysis and thematic analysis was used. The results show that few countries in SSA are engaged in the fight against these diseases. More so, Malaria had the greatest social determinants discussed (35%) followed by Cholera and TB (30% and 20% respectively). >80% of the population in the studies were pregnant women, women with children below 5, and children below 5 in rural areas. The social  determinants highlighted in the study include amongst others in descending order: social capital, community engagements, health care services, health behaviours/habits, safe drinking water, housing and toilet facilities, personal hygiene, and social groupings. Without underestimating the impact of any of these determinants in the contribution to infectious diseases, this review suggests further and deliberate studies on the effects of each of them on population health. It also recommends a need for policy development in this regard by considering social and biological/medical determinants as a twin tool for the elimination of infectious diseases. \u0000Cette revue met en lumière les déterminants sociaux associés à certaines maladies infectieuses en Afrique subsaharienne (ASS) au cours de la dernière décennie. Guidées par PRISMA et Population Concept and Context (PCC), des recherches dans les bases de données PubMed, Science Direct Elsevier, Springer Link, PloS One et Google ont été utilisées pour identifier les études pertinentes. Pour extraire les données pertinentes , une méta-analyse et une analyse thématique ont été utilisées. Les résultats montrent que peu de pays d’ASS sont engagés dans la lutte contre ces maladies. Plus, encore, le paludisme avait les plus grands determinants sociaux discutés (35 %), suivi du choléra et de la tuberculose (30 % et 20 % respectivement). >80% de la population dans les études étaient des femmes enceintes, des femmes avec des enfants de moins de 5 ans et des enfants de moins de 5 ans dans les zones rurales. Les déterminants sociaux mis en évidence dans l’étude comprennent entre autres par ordre décroissant : le capital social, les engagements communautaires, les services de soins de santé, les comportements/habitudes de santé, l’eau potable, le logement et les toilettes, l’hygiène personnelle et les groupements sociaux. Sans sous-estimer l’impact de l’un ou l’autre de ces déterminants dans la contribution aux maladies infectieuses, cette revue propose des études plus approfondies et délibérées sur les effets de chacun d’eux sur la santé de la population. Il recommande également la nécessité d’élaborer des politiques à cet égard en considérant l","PeriodicalId":383706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Cameroon academy of sciences","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124703211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnobotanical Studies of Professor Afolayan Wildlife Park, Ondo State, Nigeria: A Rich Resource for medicinal plants against common ailments Ondo State, Nigeria","authors":"T. Ampitan, Oluwadamilola Aduragbemi Ayanniyi, Folajinmi Olaoluwa Omolabi, K. Adelakun","doi":"10.4314/jcas.v18i3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jcas.v18i3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Ethnobotanical study of Professor Afolayan Wildlife Park was carried out to identify and document medicinal plants and their uses. Medicinal plants have  been observed to be very effective in the treatment of ailments that defy orthodox medicine. In this study, common plants used were classified based on  their families, parts used and the medicinal uses. Some of the plant families were briefly discussed and the plants local names provided. According to  field survey, 40 plants were identified consisting of 20 families in the Park. The dominant families were Leguminosae (15.0%) and Sterculiaceae (12.5%)  while the least dominant families include Caricaceae, Meliaceae, Loganiaceae, Poaceae and Verbenaceae. The medicinal uses of the plants varied, and  the commonly used plant parts are leaves, bark, seeds, fruits and the whole plant which are used to treat ailments like malaria, stomach aches and  diarrhoea. This study shows the high medicinal potentials of Professor Afolayan Wildlife Park, therefore the need for sustainable use and conservation of  the Park.","PeriodicalId":383706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Cameroon academy of sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133974583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic polymorphism of African bony tongue fish Heterotis niloticus (Cuvier, 1829) in Cameroon rainforest region","authors":"Juvenal Tonfack Djouatsa, Algrient Nana Towa, P. Zango, Jeanne Wikondi, T. Ewoukem, F. Meutchieye","doi":"10.4314/jcas.v18i3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jcas.v18i3.3","url":null,"abstract":"The study on the phenotypic polymorphism of Heterotis niloticus was undertaken from February to May 2020 in the rain forest region of Cameroon. The  main objective was to contribute to a better understanding of the genetic diversity of this adapted species for adequate breeding and preservation  strategies. More specifically, the investigation aimed at evaluating the variability of phenotypic, morphometric and meristic features according to the  study sites. Further, it was also in order to analyse the phenotypic variability, the structure, as well as the phylogenetic relationships among the Heterotis  niloticus subpopulations. A total of 125 adult individuals were collected in three localities and characterized. Two (2) phaneroptic traits were observed,  while 16 morphometric traits were measured and 5 meristic characters were counted. The results showed that there is a colour variability of eyes and  body in Heterotis niloticus from the study area with a predominance of golden eyes (97.60%) and grey body (96.80%). The number of scales on the lateral  line was higher in the individuals collected in Mbalmayo (38.67±1.46) than those in Ayos (37.70±0.95). Discriminant factor analyses and phylogenetic  analyses revealed that the overall population studied is made up of 3 morphotypes cohabiting in the three localities; thus it was possible to establish the  phylogenetic relationships that exist between them. Morphotypes 1 and 2 are closer while morphotypes 2 and 3 are far apart, showing a tendency of  splitting genetic make up. The recorded diversity suggests that Heterotis niloticus from the study area constitutes a natural genetic resource having the  interesting variability for further improvement and sustainable management. ","PeriodicalId":383706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Cameroon academy of sciences","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133717764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of popular knowledge and uses of Vigna subterranea (L.) for prebreeding programs in Douala (Cameroon)","authors":"Z. Ndiang, Patrice Brice Mvogo Ottou, B. Likeng-Li-Ngue, H. B. Ngalle, Pascal Eric Billong Fils, Gaëtan Romaric Ngapmeu Tchabong, C. Dabandata, J. Bell","doi":"10.4314/jcas.v18i3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jcas.v18i3.1","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of this study is to assess the endogenous knowledge on the diversity of V. subterranea (L.) and its different habits using an ethnobotanical  survey in five (05) districts of Douala in the Littoral region of Cameroon. To achieve this objective, the survey was realised on among 170 households from  18 neighbourhoods and 118 traders working in 12 markets from Douala I, II, III, IV and V. Subsequently, the survey revealed that surveyed originated  from nine (09) ethnic groups belonging to the Littoral, West, Centre and North Cameroon Regions, forming a representative sample for the country. The  study reveals a variety of local nomenclature from one ethnic group to another, such as “Matobo”, “Matobi” and “Matopi” having dominantly the same  radical “Matob” in the coastal area and suggesting the same source of languages. The seed colour (77.08%) appear as the main popular criterion for the  recognition of morphotypes (multicolored ~77.66%, white ~14.77%, red ~3.38%, brown ~3.38% and black ~1.27%). The consumption of seeds (fresh or  cooked) is ubiquitous but can induce few undesirable effects such as diarrhoea, constipation and allergies. The survey equally reveals therapeutic effects  (29.6%) of organs on digestive disorders, cataracts, and infected wounds. These results permit to identify the rich secular knowledge, culinary habits and  medicinal virtues linked to morphotypes usable for prebreeding programs of V. subterranea. ","PeriodicalId":383706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Cameroon academy of sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127082363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative impact of Covid-19 and common diseases on poverty in Cameroon and sustainable response strategies","authors":"Charles Michel Chomssem Defo","doi":"10.4314/jcas.v18i3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jcas.v18i3.5","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of a developing country like Cameroon characterized by the scarcity of financial resources and the appearance of Covid-19, this article  shows that this pandemic was not more important than the pre-existing health problems to the point of giving it more importance in funding compared  to strengthening the health system. The theoretical elasticity model of the poverty rate to growth is used to estimate the impact of Covid-19 and the  incidence of impoverishing health expenditure is used for the impact of common diseases. It is estimated through direct health payments that common  diseases push about 340,865 people into extreme poverty annually. The Covid-19, through the loss of growth generated between 4.8 and 6.6 points  according to the optimistic or pessimistic scenarios, would impoverish between 224,193 and 398,565 people: impact on the number of poor ranging from  0.7 to 1.2 times that of all common diseases, i.e., equivalent on average, but sensitive to the speed of spread of the virus and the duration of the  crisis while the impact of common diseases is structural and linked to the poorly performing health system. The solutions proposed are endogenous and  linked to the impact mechanisms. ","PeriodicalId":383706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Cameroon academy of sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126255655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}