Law & Society: Public Law - Crime最新文献

The Effect of Risk Assessment Scores on Judicial Behavior and Defendant Outcomes 风险评估得分对司法行为和被告结果的影响

Law & Society: Public Law - Crime Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3301699

CarlyWill Sloan, G. Naufal, H. Caspers

引用次数: 8

A Framework for Improved Protection of Trademarks 完善商标保护的框架

Law & Society: Public Law - Crime Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3940982

Ioana Vasiu, Lucian Vasiu

{"title":"A Framework for Improved Protection of Trademarks","authors":"Ioana Vasiu, Lucian Vasiu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3940982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3940982","url":null,"abstract":"The consequences of trademark infringements can be severe, ranging from customer confusion to undesirable associations, from mark erosion to loss of revenues and complex litigations. Further, infringement can pose significant public health and safety, and cybersecurity risks, as these infringements can be vectors for frauds, dissemination of malware, etc. To effectively address issues and inefficiencies, this article proposed a framework that categorizes and analyzes the main practical cross-cutting aspects of trademark infringement cases. This empirically-informed research involved the analysis of over three hundred cases brought to courts from the U.S., the E.U., Canada, Singapore, and India, disputes decided at the WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center, and cases reported by law enforcement agencies and international organizations. The method used was content analysis, to systematically identify and code essential characteristics, used for grouping into an analytic framework. This comprehensive approach allowed the identification and analysis of the most important forms, characteristics, and legal arguments. The findings suggest that a multi-faceted approach is necessary for the effective protection of trademarks: a holistic, three-pronged approach, which would involve all stakeholders, addressing, respectively, the legal framework, trademark proprietor measures, and consumer’s education. Based on the findings, the article proposes a number of measures that could provide an improved, more effective global protection of trademarks.","PeriodicalId":383610,"journal":{"name":"Law & Society: Public Law - Crime","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124963019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gulags, Crime, and Elite Violence: Origins and Consequences of the Russian Mafia 古拉格、犯罪和精英暴力:俄罗斯黑手党的起源和后果

Law & Society: Public Law - Crime Pub Date : 2020-11-06 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3726319

Jakub Lonsky

{"title":"Gulags, Crime, and Elite Violence: Origins and Consequences of the Russian Mafia","authors":"Jakub Lonsky","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3726319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3726319","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the origins and consequences of the Russian mafia (vory-v-zakone). I web scraped a unique dataset that contains detailed biographies of more than 5,000 mafia leaders operating in 15 countries of the (former) Soviet Union at some point between 1916 and 2017. Using this data, I first show that the Russian mafia originated in the Gulag – the Soviet system of forced labor camps which housed around 18 million prisoners in the 1920s - 1950s period. Second, I document that the distance to the nearest camp is a strong negative predictor of mafia presence in Russia’s communities in the early post-Soviet period. Finally, using an instrumental variable approach which exploits the spatial distribution of the gulags, I examine the effects of mafia presence on local crime and elite violence in mid-1990s Russia. In particular, I show that the communities with mafia presence experienced a dramatic rise in crime driven by turf wars which erupted among rival clans around 1993 and persisted for much of the 1990. Further heterogeneity analysis reveals that mafia presence led to a spike in attacks against businessmen, fellow criminals, as well as law enforcement officers and judges, while politically-motivated violence remained unaffected.","PeriodicalId":383610,"journal":{"name":"Law & Society: Public Law - Crime","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126970482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Collars for Dollars: Arrests and Police Overtime 缉拿美元:逮捕和警察加班

Law & Society: Public Law - Crime Pub Date : 2020-10-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3712794

Aaron Chalfin, Felipe Gonçalves

引用次数: 2

Who Watches the Watchmen: Evidence of the Effect of Body-Worn Cameras on New York City Policing 谁在看守望者:随身摄像机对纽约市警察影响的证据

Law & Society: Public Law - Crime Pub Date : 2020-09-23 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3490785

Mitchell Zamoff, Brad N. Greenwood, Gordon Burtch

{"title":"Who Watches the Watchmen: Evidence of the Effect of Body-Worn Cameras on New York City Policing","authors":"Mitchell Zamoff, Brad N. Greenwood, Gordon Burtch","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3490785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3490785","url":null,"abstract":"A flurry of research examining the effect of body-worn cameras (BWCs) on policing has arrived at mixed and inconclusive set findings. We present a multi-year study of the precinct-by-precinct rollout of BWCs in the New York City Police Department (NYPD), the largest metropolitan police force in the United States. Our study adds meaningfully to the prior body of work and begins to clarify some of the discord within it, particularly with respect to large urban police departments. We estimate the effect of BWC deployment on precinct volumes of citizen stops, arrests, complaints against officers and use-of-force incidents. Results indicate that BWCs lead to both significant increases in police stops of citizens, and significant decreases in arrests and citizen complaints. We find no significant change in the use of force by officers. We also document evidence of significant heterogeneity in the nature of stops and complaints. Our findings speak to at least three potential benefits of BWCs in urban law enforcement: (1) an increase in legitimate proactive policing; (2) a decrease in citizen complaints alleging that the police have abused their authority; and (3) a reduction in arrests (which appears to be beneficial regardless of whether the reduction is a result of modified behavior on the part of police, citizens, or both).","PeriodicalId":383610,"journal":{"name":"Law & Society: Public Law - Crime","volume":"6 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120806783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The Gulf between the Rule of Law and Money Laundering in Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡法治与洗钱之间的鸿沟

Law & Society: Public Law - Crime Pub Date : 2020-07-31 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3664607

Nishadi Thennakoon

引用次数: 1

Housing Vouchers, Income Shocks, and Crime: Evidence from a Lottery 住房券、收入冲击和犯罪:来自彩票的证据

Law & Society: Public Law - Crime Pub Date : 2020-05-22 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2997421

J. Carr, Vijetha Koppa

引用次数: 2

The Failed War on Pre-Trial Detention: Evidence from a Quasi-Experimental Reform 审前羁押之战的失败:来自准实验性改革的证据

Law & Society: Public Law - Crime Pub Date : 2020-01-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3686855

Angela Zorro Medina

{"title":"The Failed War on Pre-Trial Detention: Evidence from a Quasi-Experimental Reform","authors":"Angela Zorro Medina","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3686855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3686855","url":null,"abstract":"During the 1990s and 2000s, 70 percent of Latin American countries transitioned from an inquisitorial criminal procedure to a U.S. adversarial model in a phenomenon known as the Latin American Criminal Procedure Revolution (LACPR). The LACPR involved more than 19 countries, and cost around 1.51 billion dollars. Almost two decades after its implementation, the impact of the most significant procedural reform undertaken on the continent remains largely unexplored. Using Colombia as a study case, I explore the LACPR effect in pre-trial detentions using two methodological strategies. First, I exploit the exogenous variation resulting from the LACPR gradual implementation to estimate a difference-in-difference and an event study model. Secondly, I estimate the impact of the LACPR in pre-trial admission and release rates using a regression analysis controlling for co-founding variables and time-trends. The results provide compelling evidence that the U.S. adversarial model decreased the number of inmates in pre-trial detention, specifically male detainees. However, the results show that the decline is not associated with a decrease in the use of pre-trial detention (human rights gain) but to an increase in procedural speediness (efficiency gain).","PeriodicalId":383610,"journal":{"name":"Law & Society: Public Law - Crime","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127895174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

'Ban the Box' Policies and Criminal Recidivism “封箱”政策与犯罪累犯

Law & Society: Public Law - Crime Pub Date : 2020-01-06 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3515048

Ryan Sherrard

引用次数: 7

Tax Fraud and Selective Law Enforcement 税务欺诈和选择性执法

Law & Society: Public Law - Crime Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3520718

R. de la Feria

引用次数: 2