{"title":"Finger photoplethysmogram signal enhancement: Comparing performance between PCA and ICA methods","authors":"Purbadri Ghosal, Rajarshi Gupta, P. Kundu","doi":"10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071893","url":null,"abstract":"Pulse signal is prone to corruption with motion artifacts (MA) due to attachment of the sensor to extreme body parts like finger, toes and forehead. This paper compares the performance between two popular statistical signal processing tools, viz., principal component analysis (PCA) with fast independent component analysis (/ICA) in reduction of MA from finger pulse signal collected from 30 human volunteers. A multivariate dataset was generated with systolic peak-aligned Photoplethysmogram (PPG) beats extracted from time series data. After eigenvalues decomposition of the covariance matrix, the original data was reconstructed using the first principal component. The mean correlation coefficient of average beat template of ICA preprocessed data and clean data, averaged over 30 volunteers is 0.9876 while that of PCA preprocessed data with clean data is 0.9778. With white Gaussian noise of known SNR, maximum absolute error for PCA preprocessed data is very small, 3.14% from SNR 25dB onwards. It was also found that beat to beat correlation is higher in the PCA preprocessed data.","PeriodicalId":383252,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Innovations in Electronics, Signal Processing and Communication (IESC)","volume":"53 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114037609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bulk-driven feed-forward compensated sub-threshold low-voltage OTA to drive high capacitive load","authors":"Tripurari Sharan, Vijaya Bhadauria, Priyanka Chetri","doi":"10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071877","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a three-stage low-voltage bulk-driven sub-threshold class AB current mirror load operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) which utilizes FVF based input core and feed-forward compensation techniques for its low-voltage operation to drive high capacitive load. This three-stage OTA provides a gain of 94.4 dB, gain bandwidth (GBW) of 14.2 kHz and phase margin (PM) of 64 degree with load capacitor (Cl) and two small compensation capacitors (Cc1 and Cc2) of 100 pF, 2 pF and 0.02 pF, respectively. This OTA has ensured the total harmonic distortion (THD) of −49 dB for 0.5 Vpp input signal of 200 Hz frequency, while driving 100 pF load in its unity gain configuration. Biased with a single supply of 0.5 V it has consumed quiescent power of 104 nW. It offered high common mode rejection ratio (cMRR) and power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) of 138 dB and 81 dB, respectively at 1 Hz. Simulations results are performed using standard n-tub 180 nm CMOS process with UMc technology file in cadence spectre environment.","PeriodicalId":383252,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Innovations in Electronics, Signal Processing and Communication (IESC)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123972940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Explore TV White Space for indoor small cells deployment and practical pathloss measurement","authors":"P. Maiti, D. Mitra","doi":"10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071869","url":null,"abstract":"Through this paper we present the result and analysis of vigorous Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) of two Ultra High Frequency (UHF) Television (TV) channels broadcasted from Doodrdarshan Kendra, Dhanbad, India. The RSSI measurement of those same channels was done on each floor of the Academic Complex building at IIT(ISM) Dhanbad, India, for 24 hours. The data analysis presents the average received power on each floor and signal attenuation due to the influence of walls, doors, windows and other appliances of those two channels at each floor. The opportunities to utilize the Television White Space (TVWS) for indoor small cells deployment for cognitive access and design a Radio Environment Map (REM) has been discussed. Also, the paper presents the comparison graph of theoretical Perez-Vega Zamanillo pathloss model with practical values of propagation path loss of those two channels.","PeriodicalId":383252,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Innovations in Electronics, Signal Processing and Communication (IESC)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128771646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Utpal Paul, S. Chattopadhyay, P. Panda, S. Banerjee
{"title":"A Java® platform tool for visualizing and testing of routing algorithms for wireless sensor network","authors":"Utpal Paul, S. Chattopadhyay, P. Panda, S. Banerjee","doi":"10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071884","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless communication has occupied the vast area of research in 21st century and Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has been emerged as one of its superlative outcomes. Accurate deployment of sensor nodes and Base Station (BS) is one of the obligatory factors for efficient wireless communication in WSN. This paper proposes a Java® based desktop application tool for simulating and visualizing the behavior of the sensor network concurrently. This tool allows user to personalize various system parameters like number of sensor nodes, area of deployment, nature of node placement, positioning of base station, etc. by their own choice. This simulator is embedded with some Energy Efficient Routing Algorithms (EERAs) for enhancement of its effectiveness. Users can examine their own networks using EERA and judge its effectiveness. This tool has been designed for general purpose applications where all parameters are customizable and independent of application. Users can bias the simulator in an uncomplicated way prior to the starting of the simulation in accordance to the application demand. Visualization of data-link, high customizability and short initial setup time are the key features of this application.","PeriodicalId":383252,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Innovations in Electronics, Signal Processing and Communication (IESC)","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127337569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Retinal blood vessel tortuosity measurement for analysis of hypertensive retinopathy","authors":"S. Nirmala, Sanyukta Chetia","doi":"10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071862","url":null,"abstract":"The retinal blood vessels act as landmark for detecting some retinal diseases. The changes in the vessel characteristics such as tortuosity may be used to estimate the effect of hypertension. In this paper, a simple distance metric (DM) method is used to evaluate the tortuosity of blood vessels. Initially, the method is applied on synthetically generated blood vessels of normal, moderate and severely tortuous nature. Then retinal vessels are segmented using image processing methods. Small vessel segments are selected manually and used for tortuosity evaluation. These images are collected from local eye hospital, DRIVE database and VICAVR database. The results obtained show that the method is capable enough to estimate the tortuosity and have close correlation with subjective evaluation of tortuosity.","PeriodicalId":383252,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Innovations in Electronics, Signal Processing and Communication (IESC)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123950996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Handover control parameter configuration in LTE-A network","authors":"A. Priyadharshini, P. Bhuvaneswari","doi":"10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071885","url":null,"abstract":"The adoption of UE-assisted, network controlled and hard Handover (HO) procedure in LTE-A HetNet impose several challenges. It results in tremendous increase in HO failure, frequent and unnecessary HO when compared to Homogeneous Network. To overcome these challenges, the HO procedure need to be triggered in time by proper configuration of HO control parameters in consideration with the Environmental, Network and User Equipment (UE) characteristics. Further, in literature analyzing the combined impact of all the control parameters of HO procedure remains an open issue. Hence in this work, an attempt has been made to investigate the combined impact of the control parameters such as Hysteresis Margin, A3Offset and Time-To-Trigger involved in Macro-Macro environment. The dependency of these control parameter configuration on HO performance with respect to Inter-Site Distance (ISD) between the base stations and UEs with random movement are investigated.","PeriodicalId":383252,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Innovations in Electronics, Signal Processing and Communication (IESC)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131127392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Defocus blur radius classification using random forest classifier","authors":"Ruchi Gajjar, T. Zaveri","doi":"10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071896","url":null,"abstract":"Image blurring is an issue leading to degradation of image and thereby loss of information. An image is blurred due to motion between the camera or sensor and the object, defocusing of the lens, atmospheric turbulence, etc. Images can be restored if information about the original image or the blur is known. Degradation due defocus blur is considered in this paper. The estimation of defocus blur radius is treated as a classification problem here. A technique to classify the blur radius using random forest classifier is proposed in this paper. Third and fourth statistical moments, calculated on the spectrum of the blurred image are used as features for classification in the proposed method. The proposed technique is applied on images from the USC-SIPI Image database. The experiment results display defocus radius classification accuracy of 94.37%. The selection of skewness and kurtosis as handcrafted features for the defocused blur image and usage of random forest classifier for defocus radius classification has been approached for the first time in such problem. The choice of features adds to the novelty and efficiency of this approach.","PeriodicalId":383252,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Innovations in Electronics, Signal Processing and Communication (IESC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129557701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A broadband wide beamwidth circulary polarized microstrip patch antenna with conformal radome for high-speed airborne communication","authors":"Sumit Pratap Singh, Amitesh Kumar, Vivek Singh, Sagar","doi":"10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071883","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a wide beamwidth broad bandwidth circularly polarized (CP) microstrip patch antenna covered with nozzle shaped conformal radome for airborne communication system. A wall shaped raised ground structure (RGS) is used around the stacked rectangular microstrip patch to widen the beamwidth. A material with very low dielectric constant is used to fill the space left between RGS and two layers of rectangular microstrip patch. Low dielectric constant makes the antenna less dependent on the finite size of ground plane or the host structure due to the absence of higher order modes of surface waves and retains the purity of broad radiation beam. In order to separate radiating patch from its feeding structure and for circular polarization (CP), a crossed slot aperture coupled technique is used. A nozzle shaped conformal radome is used to protect antenna from the environmental hazards and to reduce aerodynamic drag as well. It is observed that antenna provides excellent electrical and radiation characteristics. 10-dB Return loss bandwidth of 30%, 3-dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of 15%, realized gain of 6.2 dBiC, 3-dB beamwidth of 110° × 110° and 3-dB axial ratio beamwidth of 170° × 175° at center frequency of 9.45 GHz of X-band are observed.","PeriodicalId":383252,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Innovations in Electronics, Signal Processing and Communication (IESC)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128392344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comparative analysis of visual and thermal face image fusion based on different wavelet family","authors":"A. R. Pal, Anu Singha","doi":"10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071895","url":null,"abstract":"To diminish the limitations of the visual and thermal face images, a fusion of them is carried out in order to upgrade the performance. This paper presents fusion based on maximum selection of DB4 wavelet coefficients of visual and thermal images. The dimensions of these fused images are reduced using ICA and these low dimension fused images are classified with the help of SVM. The experimental result of fusion gives approximately 2% and 6% more accuracy than the visual and thermal images respectively for both expression and illumination of IRIS datasets. Further this work is extended with a comparative study of fusion methods based on some other wavelet decompositions such as Haar/DB2, Coiflets, and Symlets. In addition to that, a comparison between two ICA architectures and PCA is also carried out over wavelet fusion methods. It has been noticed that maximum information, classification accuracy, and less error acheieved for haar/db2 fused images.","PeriodicalId":383252,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Innovations in Electronics, Signal Processing and Communication (IESC)","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123271731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. B. Singh, T. V. Mahendra, Ravi Singh Kurmvanshi, C. V. R. Rao
{"title":"Image enhancement with the application of local and global enhancement methods for dark images","authors":"K. B. Singh, T. V. Mahendra, Ravi Singh Kurmvanshi, C. V. R. Rao","doi":"10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IESPC.2017.8071892","url":null,"abstract":"Image enhancement is a technique used to get a better quality of an image in terms of its clarity, brightness and to give the human eye comfortable to look at. There are different types of techniques to give good quality of an image. Global image contrast enhancement is one of the most commonly used technique to enhance the quality of an image, but it has some disadvantages with the fact that it does not consider the local details of an image. Local details of an image are very important while analyzing an image, which is that of the scientific study of an image like the image taken from planetary bodies, satellite image and medical images. Local details of an image are very important for diagnosing a particular ailment. When either local contrast enhancement or global contrast enhancement is used alone, there is loss of brightness of the image. In order to address and reduce this discrepancy of individual enhancement methods, a new method is presented in this paper, that uses both local and global enhancement methods on the same image. First, the image is locally enhanced and the output is again processed by the global enhancement method thereby giving a properly enhanced image without losing the brightness of the image. This enhancement method is simulated in MATLAB and results are verified on the parameters of image quality.","PeriodicalId":383252,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Innovations in Electronics, Signal Processing and Communication (IESC)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131758064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}