{"title":"Insertion tasks using an aerial manipulator","authors":"C. Korpela, M. Orsag, T. Danko, P. Oh","doi":"10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869148","url":null,"abstract":"This paper demonstrates insertion tasks using an aerial vehicle affixed with a multi-degree of freedom manipulator. Using a combined strategy of visual servoing and force feedback compliance, the aerial manipulator achieves peg-in-hole insertion while attached to a validation test rig. A strongly coupled control scheme between the aircraft and manipulator is mandated for tasks requiring millimeter accuracy. Visual servoing is well-established for both ground and aerial vehicles and facilitates the large aircraft-arm motions. Force feedback upon contact with the environment provides compliant insertion and smaller motions in the presence of position error. We present recent results demonstrating and validating peg-in-hole insertion using the proposed aircraft-arm model and system.","PeriodicalId":382960,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications (TePRA)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128324069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kumar, Geetika Sharma, N. Kejriwal, Saumil Jain, Madhvi Kamra, Brijendra Singh, Vishal Kumar Chauhan
{"title":"Remote retail monitoring and stock assessment using mobile robots","authors":"S. Kumar, Geetika Sharma, N. Kejriwal, Saumil Jain, Madhvi Kamra, Brijendra Singh, Vishal Kumar Chauhan","doi":"10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869136","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a Virtual Reality (VR) based system for automating data collection and surveying in a retail store using mobile robots. The manpower cost for surveying and monitoring the shelves in retail stores are high, because of which these activities are not repeated frequently causing reduced customer satisfaction and loss of revenue. Further, the accuracy of data collected may be improved by avoiding human related factors. We use a mobile robot platform with on-board cameras to monitor the shelves either autonomously or through tele-operation. A remote operator can control the robot from a console which shows a 3D of view of the store as well as, capture real images and videos of the store. The robot is designed to facilitate automatic detection of Out-of-Stock (OOS) situations. It would be possible for a single operator to control multiple robots placed at different stores thus optimizing the available resources. As the deployment of the proposed system does not require modifying existing infrastructure of the store, the cost of the entire solution is cheaper with shorter return-on-investment (ROI) period.","PeriodicalId":382960,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications (TePRA)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128521354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Message authentication codes for secure remote non-native client connections to ROS enabled robots","authors":"Russell Toris, Craig A. Shue, S. Chernova","doi":"10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869141","url":null,"abstract":"Recent work in the robotics community has lead to the emergence of cloud-based solutions and remote clients. Such work allows robots to effectively distribute complex computations across multiple machines, and allows remote clients, both human and automata, to control robots across the globe. With the increasing use and importance of such ideas, it is crucial not to overlook the critical issue of security in these systems. In this work, we discuss the use of web tokens for achieving secure authentication for remote, non-native clients in the widely-used Robot Operating System (ROS) middleware. Written in a system-independent manner, we demonstrate its use with an application for securing clients within the popular rosbridge protocol.","PeriodicalId":382960,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications (TePRA)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132744406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"GPS-denied hover stabilization of a quad-rotor via visual servoing","authors":"Louis H. Buck, David R. Manegold, L. Ray","doi":"10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869147","url":null,"abstract":"We present a hover stabilization system for a quad-rotor MAV. The stabilizer uses a downward-facing CMOS camera and a pyramidal Lucas-Kanade optical flow algorithm running on an embedded computer-on-module to detect self-motion and stabilize laterally. Using this system, the vehicle is able to hover within 20 centimeters of its original location for over five minutes above a variety of surfaces, including carpet, asphalt, concrete and grass.","PeriodicalId":382960,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications (TePRA)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127186948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Komendera, J. Dorsey, William R. Doggett, N. Correll
{"title":"Truss assembly and welding by Intelligent Precision Jigging Robots","authors":"E. Komendera, J. Dorsey, William R. Doggett, N. Correll","doi":"10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869150","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an Intelligent Precision Jigging Robot (IPJR) prototype that enables the precise alignment and welding of titanium space telescope optical benches. The IPJR, equipped with μm accuracy sensors and actuators, worked in tandem with a lower precision remote controlled manipulator. The combined system assembled and welded a 2 m truss from stock titanium components. The calibration of the IPJR, and the difference between the predicted and the truss dimensions as-built, identified additional sources of error that should be addressed in the next generation of IPJRs in 2D and 3D.","PeriodicalId":382960,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications (TePRA)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126063930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Toward coordinated manipulator-host visual servoing for mobile manipulating UAVs","authors":"T. Danko, P. Oh","doi":"10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869149","url":null,"abstract":"Manipulating objects using arms mounted to unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is attractive because UAVs may access many locations that are otherwise inaccessible to traditional mobile manipulation platforms such as ground vehicles. Historically, UAVs have been employed in ways that avoid interaction with the environment at all costs. The recent trend of increasing small UAV lift capacity and the reduction of the weight of manipulator components make the realization of mobile manipulating UAVs imminent. Despite recent work, several major challenges remain to be overcome before it will be practical to manipulate objects from UAVs. Among these challenges, the constantly moving UAV platform and compliance of manipulator arms make it difficult to position the UAV and end-effector relative to an object of interest precisely enough for manipulation. Solving this challenge will bring UAVs one step closer to being able to perform meaningful tasks such as infrastructure repair, disaster response, law enforcement, and personal assistance. Toward a solution to this challenge, this paper describes an approach to coordinate the redundant degrees of freedom of an aerial manipulation system. The manipulator's six degrees of freedom will be visually servoed using an eye-in-hand camera to a specified pose relative to a target while treating motions of the host platform as perturbations. Simultaneously, the host platform's degrees of freedom will be servoed using kinematic information from the manipulator. This will drive the UAV to a position that allows the manipulator to assume a joint-space configuration that maximizes reachability, thus facilitating the arm's ability to compensate for undesired UAV motions without the need for an external pose estimation system.","PeriodicalId":382960,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications (TePRA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128535375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biruk A. Gebre, Zachary Ryter, S. R. Humphreys, Scott M. Ginsberg, Sean P. Farrell, A. Kauffman, William Capon, William Robbins, K. Pochiraju
{"title":"A multi-ball drive for omni-directional mobility","authors":"Biruk A. Gebre, Zachary Ryter, S. R. Humphreys, Scott M. Ginsberg, Sean P. Farrell, A. Kauffman, William Capon, William Robbins, K. Pochiraju","doi":"10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869140","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the concept of replacing the standard wheel, which is used by most ground vehicles today, by a spherical ball drive system is explored. The aim is to develop a practical and agile omnidirectional mobility platform which can especially be useful for applications related to mobile ground robotics. The paper discusses some of the advantages and drawbacks of using balls instead of wheels and the challenges involved in trying to implement a ball drive system. As a proof-of-concept a functional prototype vehicle that utilizes balls for mobility has been developed and successfully tested. 3D printing technology was utilized in the development of the prototype to fabricate some of the more intricate components of the design. Some of the lessons learned during the design, development, and testing of this prototype as well as some of the solutions implemented to tackle the challenges in developing a working prototype are also discussed. The paper shows that while there are numerous design challenges in developing a mobile platform driven by balls instead of wheels, once these challenges are overcome, the result can be a mobile platform with highly agile maneuvering capabilities. These maneuvering capabilities may especially be useful for simplifying navigation tasks and enhancing the mobility capabilities of mobile ground robots.","PeriodicalId":382960,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications (TePRA)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114296397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Graph-based ground segmentation of 3D LIDAR in rough area","authors":"Zhu Zhu, Jilin Liu","doi":"10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869157","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new approach for 3D LIDAR data segmentation in rough area. As 3D LIDARs become popular equipments in robotics, processing data in real time and safely driving on challenge environments are two important problems of intelligent vehicles. For overcoming roughness and unpredictable inclination in rough area, we design a graph-based segmentation framework. Each LIDAR scan line is divided into line segments by least square linear regression. Then a Markov Random Field (MRF) energy function is built on line segment nodes. It is solved by graph-cut to classify the line segments into two categories: ground, non-ground. To validate our algorithm, experiments in typical rough environments are taken by our intelligent vehicle which, provide quantitative results. Meanwhile, we also compare it to two state-of-art segmentation methods. Experimental results show that our method performs better than the existing methods in terms of both visual and metric qualities.","PeriodicalId":382960,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications (TePRA)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121747206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Rasmussen, Kiwon Sohn, Karthikeyan Yuvraj, P. Oh
{"title":"Early phases of humanoid vehicle ingress using depth cameras","authors":"C. Rasmussen, Kiwon Sohn, Karthikeyan Yuvraj, P. Oh","doi":"10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869159","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents work on integrating perception and motion-planning for a humanoid robot to ingress, or enter, a small utility vehicle as a precursor to driving, a stage in the recent DARPA Robotics Challenge (DRC). Using a Hubo 2+ robot platform and a pair of RGB-D cameras, we describe a set of approaches to and present results on the first four phases of ingress: (1) visually search for the vehicle's doorway as a target to walk toward, (2) plan and execute a collision-free approach to the doorway via walking using visual odometry, (3) make visually-guided fine positioning adjustments near the entry door during docking, and (4) step from the ground up to the floor of the vehicle. All recognition is done on 3-D point clouds derived from the depth cameras without appearance information. Some further ingress results from the DRC-Hubo making use of grasping are also shown.","PeriodicalId":382960,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications (TePRA)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128097862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An algorithm to identify docking locations for autonomous surface vessels from 3-D LiDAR scans","authors":"J. Esposito, M. Graves","doi":"10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TePRA.2014.6869160","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present a novel algorithm to identify docks (or piers) from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) scans. The algorithm exploits the expected geometric features of the dock and does not require modifying the dock in any way. Our approach consists of a novel combination and application of open source tools for point cloud and image processing. In our limited testing on 8 fused data sets, the algorithm successfully identified a usable portion of all the docks with only one false positive (a seawall). The target application is automated docking (a.k.a. recovery) for small Unmanned Surface Vessels (USVs).","PeriodicalId":382960,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications (TePRA)","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123413477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}