Swiss dental journal最新文献_第6页

ChatGPT's performance in dentistry and allergy-immunology assessments: a comparative study. ChatGPT在牙科和过敏免疫学评估中的表现：一项比较研究。

Swiss dental journal Pub Date : 2023-10-06

Alexander Fuchs, Tina Trachsel, Roland Weiger, Florin Eggmann

{"title":"ChatGPT's performance in dentistry and allergy-immunology assessments: a comparative study.","authors":"Alexander Fuchs, Tina Trachsel, Roland Weiger, Florin Eggmann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have potential applications in healthcare, including dentistry. Priming, the practice of providing LLMs with initial, relevant information, is an approach to improve their output quality. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of ChatGPT 3 and ChatGPT 4 on self-assessment questions for dentistry, through the Swiss Federal Licensing Examination in Dental Medicine (SFLEDM), and allergy and clinical immunology, through the European Examination in Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EEAACI). The second objective was to assess the impact of priming on ChatGPT's performance. The SFLEDM and EEAACI multiple-choice questions from the University of Bern's Institute for Medical Education platform were administered to both ChatGPT versions, with and without priming. Performance was analyzed based on correct responses. The statistical analysis included Wilcoxon rank sum tests (α=0.05). The average accuracy rates in the SFLEDM and EEAACI assessments were 63.3% and 79.3%, respectively. Both ChatGPT versions performed better on EEAACI than SFLEDM, with ChatGPT 4 outperforming ChatGPT 3 across all tests. ChatGPT 3's performance exhibited a significant improvement with priming for both EEAACI (p=0.017) and SFLEDM (p=0.024) assessments. For ChatGPT 4, the priming effect was significant only in the SFLEDM assessment (p=0.038). The performance disparity between SFLEDM and EEAACI assessments underscores ChatGPT's varying proficiency across different medical domains, likely tied to the nature and amount of training data available in each field. Priming can be a tool for enhancing output, especially in earlier LLMs. Advancements from ChatGPT 3 to 4 highlight the rapid developments in LLM technology. Yet, their use in critical fields such as healthcare must remain cautious owing to LLMs' inherent limitations and risks.","PeriodicalId":38153,"journal":{"name":"Swiss dental journal","volume":"134 5","pages":"None"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41136922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ChatGPT's performance in dentistry and allergyimmunology assessments: a comparative study. ChatGPT 在牙科和过敏免疫学评估中的表现：一项比较研究。

Swiss dental journal Pub Date : 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.61872/sdj-2024-06-01

Alexander Fuchs, Tina Trachsel, Roland Weiger, Florin Eggmann

{"title":"ChatGPT's performance in dentistry and allergyimmunology assessments: a comparative study.","authors":"Alexander Fuchs, Tina Trachsel, Roland Weiger, Florin Eggmann","doi":"10.61872/sdj-2024-06-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61872/sdj-2024-06-01","url":null,"abstract":"Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have potential applications in healthcare, including dentistry. Priming, the practice of providing LLMs with initial, relevant information, is an approach to improve their output quality. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of ChatGPT 3 and ChatGPT 4 on self-assessment questions for dentistry, through the Swiss Federal Licensing Examination in Dental Medicine (SFLEDM), and allergy and clinical immunology, through the European Examination in Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EEAACI). The second objective was to assess the impact of priming on ChatGPT's performance. The SFLEDM and EEAACI multiple-choice questions from the University of Bern's Institute for Medical Education platform were administered to both ChatGPT versions, with and without priming. Performance was analyzed based on correct responses. The statistical analysis included Wilcoxon rank sum tests (alpha=0.05). The average accuracy rates in the SFLEDM and EEAACI assessments were 63.3% and 79.3%, respectively. Both ChatGPT versions performed better on EEAACI than SFLEDM, with ChatGPT 4 outperforming ChatGPT 3 across all tests. ChatGPT 3's performance exhibited a significant improvement with priming for both EEAACI (p=0.017) and SFLEDM (p=0.024) assessments. For ChatGPT 4, the priming effect was significant only in the SFLEDM assessment (p=0.038). The performance disparity between SFLEDM and EEAACI assessments underscores ChatGPT's varying proficiency across different medical domains, likely tied to the nature and amount of training data available in each field. Priming can be a tool for enhancing output, especially in earlier LLMs. Advancements from ChatGPT 3 to 4 highlight the rapid developments in LLM technology. Yet, their use in critical fields such as healthcare must remain cautious owing to LLMs' inherent limitations and risks.","PeriodicalId":38153,"journal":{"name":"Swiss dental journal","volume":"134 2","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140899904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dental anxiety in Switzerland: trends in prevalence and associations with socioeconomic factors in 2010 and 2017. 瑞士的牙科焦虑：2010年和2017年患病率趋势及其与社会经济因素的关系。

Swiss dental journal Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.61872/sdj-2024-05-01

Christoph A Ramseier, Sascha Klima, Elmira Klima, Norbert Enkling

{"title":"Dental anxiety in Switzerland: trends in prevalence and associations with socioeconomic factors in 2010 and 2017.","authors":"Christoph A Ramseier, Sascha Klima, Elmira Klima, Norbert Enkling","doi":"10.61872/sdj-2024-05-01","DOIUrl":"10.61872/sdj-2024-05-01","url":null,"abstract":"Dental anxiety is a prevalent concern in Western societies, affecting a broad demographic from children to the elderly, and posing a challenge to the delivery of oral health care. The Swiss Dental Association (SSO) has been conducting national surveys since 1980, with additional questions since 2010, to better understand the Swiss population's perception of the dental profession. Their 2010 and 2017 surveys aimed to gain more insight into dental anxiety across Switzerland, and to relate their findings to various demographic and socio-economic factors. A total of 2240 participants (1129 in 2010 and 1111 in 2017), demographically representative of Switzerland's socioeconomic distribution, were surveyed, with an even gender distribution (49.7% male and 50.3% female, p=0.7656). The mean age of the cohort was 43.5 ±16.0 years. The prevalence of dental anxiety decreased from 2010 to 2017. In 2010, 21.3% (CI: 19.0-23.7) reported higher levels of dental anxiety, which decreased to 13.3% (CI: 11.4-15.4) in 2017. Women consistently reported higher levels of dental anxiety than men in both years (2010: p<0.0001, 2017: p=0.0003). Logistic regression analysis revealed that higher levels of education (p<0.0001), trust in the dentist (p=0.0005) and satisfaction with the dentist (p=0.0489) significantly predicted lower levels of dental anxiety. In conclusion, these results highlight an overall decrease in dental anxiety from 2010 to 2017, but particularly among highly educated individuals and participants expressing satisfaction and trust in their dentist. While women consistently reported higher levels of anxiety, the overall results suggest promising trends in perceptions of oral health in Switzerland.","PeriodicalId":38153,"journal":{"name":"Swiss dental journal","volume":"134 4","pages":"52-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41170938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A 3-year Retrospective Analysis of Dento-Alveolar Injuries at the University Children's Hospital Zurich (2018-2020). 苏黎世大学儿童医院牙槽骨损伤的三年回顾性分析（2018-2020）。

Swiss dental journal Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.61872/sdj-2024-03-01

Claudio Schmid, Christelle Fongaufier, Blend Hamza, Tobias Höhn, Georg Staubli, Bernd Stadlinger

{"title":"A 3-year Retrospective Analysis of Dento-Alveolar Injuries at the University Children's Hospital Zurich (2018-2020).","authors":"Claudio Schmid, Christelle Fongaufier, Blend Hamza, Tobias Höhn, Georg Staubli, Bernd Stadlinger","doi":"10.61872/sdj-2024-03-01","DOIUrl":"10.61872/sdj-2024-03-01","url":null,"abstract":"Children and adolescents are vulnerable to dental trauma due to their active lifestyles, lack of coordination, and inexperience in recognizing potentially dangerous situations. Early recognition and proper management of dental trauma is crucial in order to minimize the risk of complications and ensure optimal outcomes. The aim of this study was to perform a retrospective analysis of all dento-alveolar injuries in children and adolescents who were treated at the University Children's Hospital Zurich from 2018-2020 by the resident physicians of the Centre of Dental Medicine of the University of Zurich. All information concerning age and sex distribution, seasonal and weekly variations, as well as aetiology, types of trauma and co-affected structures in the head and neck area from 389 patients was analysed. For data extraction, a parameterised Excel list was created, enabling a continuous data collection. In the study, 65% of the patients were male and 35% female. The average patient age was 7 years and 4 months. The highest frequency of trauma occurred in mixed dentition (49%), followed by deciduous dentition (36%) and permanent dentition (15%). Most of the accidents occurred in the second quarter of the year, especially in the month of May slightly more injuries were reported. The most common injuries were increased tooth mobility (40%) and tooth fractures without pulp exposure (34%). Less frequent were tooth fractures with pulp exposure (12%), lateral dislocations (29%), avulsions (21%), intrusions (8%), extrusions (6%) and root fractures (4%). As in many studies the upper central incisors were most often affected. Main causes of dental trauma were falls, especially by bike (18%) or scooter (14%). Soft tissue injuries or fractures, in the area of the head and neck occurred in 59% and 10% of the cases simultaneously accompanied by dento-alveolar trauma.","PeriodicalId":38153,"journal":{"name":"Swiss dental journal","volume":"134 2","pages":"18-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10223842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A retrospective analysis of patients suffering from halitosis over a 17-year period. 对 17 年间口臭患者的回顾性分析

Swiss dental journal Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.61872/sdj-2024-04-01

Cindy Hauenstein, Virginia Ortiz, Andreas Filippi

{"title":"A retrospective analysis of patients suffering from halitosis over a 17-year period.","authors":"Cindy Hauenstein, Virginia Ortiz, Andreas Filippi","doi":"10.61872/sdj-2024-04-01","DOIUrl":"10.61872/sdj-2024-04-01","url":null,"abstract":"Halitosis is a socially avoided topic with an increasing worldwide prevalence. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between the different forms of halitosis and factors such as: gender, smoking, stress, and oral hygiene. We analysed data from patients registered at the Center of Salivary Diagnostics, Hyposalivation and Halitosis at the University Center for Dental Medicine Basel over a 17-year period, using both subjective and objective approaches to determine the presence of halitosis. The data was statistically analysed using chi-squared and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Although halitosis is of multifactorial origin, an oral cause was found in 3 out of 4 patients. Men showed higher values of volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) (p = 0.002) indicative of halitosis than women, while women displayed better oral hygiene (p < 0.001), yet were twice as likely to suffer from halitophobia than males. Patients with higher tongue coating scores (p < 0.001) and periodontitis (p < 0.001) had higher levels of VSC, contributing to bad breath, whereas patients with symptoms such as stress (p = 0.81) or smoking (p = 0.28) did not reveal significantly altered measurements. This study sheds light on the complex and multifactorial nature of halitosis over a long period of time. It further underlines the importance of individualized treatment strategies, given halitosis' multifactorial nature, in order to contribute to the patients' treatment needs.","PeriodicalId":38153,"journal":{"name":"Swiss dental journal","volume":"134 3","pages":"36-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10223840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Significance of chronic opioid medication for dental treatment 长期阿片类药物对牙科治疗的重要性。

Swiss dental journal Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.61872/sdj-2023-09-02

Peter Felleiter, Kerstin Gabriel Felleiter

引用次数: 0

Cleaning potential of interdental brushes around orthodontic brackets - an in vitro investigation. 牙间刷在正畸托槽周围的清洁潜力--一项体外研究。

Swiss dental journal Pub Date : 2023-09-04 Epub Date: 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.61872/sdj-2023-09-01

Marc Vogel, Matthias Aßenmacher, Andrea Gubler, Thomas Attin, Patrick R Schmidlin

{"title":"Cleaning potential of interdental brushes around orthodontic brackets - an in vitro investigation.","authors":"Marc Vogel, Matthias Aßenmacher, Andrea Gubler, Thomas Attin, Patrick R Schmidlin","doi":"10.61872/sdj-2023-09-01","DOIUrl":"10.61872/sdj-2023-09-01","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the brushing efficacy of different interdental brushes around a multibracket appliance in vitro. In four models displaying misaligned and aligned teeth with and without attachment loss, the brushing capacities of three interdental brushes (IDB) were tested: A waist-shaped IDB with a diameter of 9 mm at both ends and 5 mm in the middle (B1), a cylindrical brush with a diameter of 9 mm (B2) and one with 5 mm (B3). Before cleaning, the black teeth in the respective models were stained white with titanium (IV) oxide and the percentage of cleaned surface was planimetrically assessed. In addition, the forces applied to the IDB were also recorded. The effect of brush and model on expected cleaning performance was examined using an analysis of variance (ANOVA). The cleaning performance of the brushes in decreasing order was B2>B3>B1; no significant differences between the different tooth areas and models were found. With regard to force measurements, significant differences were found with the highest and lowest forces IDB (2) and (1), respectively. There was a significant correlation between force and cleaning performance: The higher the force needed the higher was the cleaning performance. In summary, this study showed that cylindrical interdental brushes achieved a better cleaning performance than the waist-shaped IDB. Given some shortcomings of this first laboratory study, more research is still needed, but IDB may represent a valuable yet still clinically underused tools.","PeriodicalId":38153,"journal":{"name":"Swiss dental journal","volume":"133 9","pages":"576-583"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10116379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[The erosive effect of various drinks, foods, stimulants, medications and mouthwashes on human tooth enamel] 各种饮料、食物、兴奋剂、药物和漱口水对人类牙釉质的侵蚀作用。

Swiss dental journal Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.61872/sdj-2023-07-08-03

Adrian Lussi, Brigitte Megert, R Peter Shellis

{"title":"[The erosive effect of various drinks, foods, stimulants, medications and mouthwashes on human tooth enamel]","authors":"Adrian Lussi, Brigitte Megert, R Peter Shellis","doi":"10.61872/sdj-2023-07-08-03","DOIUrl":"10.61872/sdj-2023-07-08-03","url":null,"abstract":"Two forms of non-carious dental disorder - ero- sive tooth hard tissue loss and dental erosion - have been increasingly observed in recent years. Dental erosion is the chemical loss of dental hard substances caused by exposure to acids not de- rived from oral bacteria. Mechanical forces from, for example, the tongue, the cheeks or tooth- brushing, increase loss of partly demineralized tooth surfaces and the cumulative loss of dental hard tissue is defined as erosive tooth wear (ETW). Dental hard tissue losses that occur be- cause of very frequent acid exposure, such as through increased vomiting, but without me- chanical stress, are also assigned to tooth erosion. Without prior softening, practically no loss of enamel takes place due to abrasion with the modern Western diet. The present work is a con- tinuation of earlier work. A total of 226 beverag-es, foods, stimulants as well as medicines and mouthwashes were tested for their erosive po- tential on premolars and deciduous molars covered with a human pellicle. The influence of temperature, phosphate and calcium was also investigated in additional experiments. The change in hardness before and after immersion in the respective test substance was measured, and the erosive potential was classified. For each test product, we determined pH and other properties which were possibly related to erosive potential. There were considerable and sometimes surpris- ing differences between the tested products. The addition of phosphate did not influence the ero- sive potential of the liquids, but calcium did. A modified erosion scheme that incorporates these and other new findings is presented.","PeriodicalId":38153,"journal":{"name":"Swiss dental journal","volume":"133 7-8","pages":"457-471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141421334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Direct adhesive reconstructions for restoration of posterior teeth with erosive tooth wear]. [用直接粘合剂修复有腐蚀性牙齿磨损的后牙]。

Swiss dental journal Pub Date : 2023-07-10 DOI: 10.61872/sdj-2023-07-08-04

Thomas Attin, Patrick R Schmidlin, Tobias T Tauböck

引用次数: 0

Effects of Calcium and Phosphate on Dissolution of Enamel, Dentin and Hydroxyapatite in Citric Acid. 钙和磷酸盐对珐琅质、牙本质和羟基磷灰石在柠檬酸中溶解的影响

Swiss dental journal Pub Date : 2023-07-10 Epub Date: 2023-03-02 DOI: 10.61872/sdj-2023-07-08-02

R Peter Shellis, Michele E Barbour, David M Parker, Martin Addy, Adrian Lussi

{"title":"Effects of Calcium and Phosphate on Dissolution of Enamel, Dentin and Hydroxyapatite in Citric Acid.","authors":"R Peter Shellis, Michele E Barbour, David M Parker, Martin Addy, Adrian Lussi","doi":"10.61872/sdj-2023-07-08-02","DOIUrl":"10.61872/sdj-2023-07-08-02","url":null,"abstract":"The aim was to evaluate the effect of dissolved calcium and phosphate on dissolution rate of enamel, dentin and compressed hydroxyapatite (HA) in citric acid solution as a function of pH. At pH 2.5, dissolution rate of enamel increased significantly by 6% in 20 mmol/L added calcium but, otherwise, dissolution rates of neither enamel, dentin nor HA were significantly affected by 10 or 20 mmol/L calcium. However, enamel dissolution rate was reduced by > 50 mmol/L calcium. At pH 3.25 and 4.0, 10-20 mmol/L calcium inhibited dissolution of enamel by 29-100% and HA by 65-75% but did not affect dentin dissolution. Phosphate (10 or 20 mmol/L) did not inhibit dissolution of enamel, dentin or HA at any pH, but there were increases in dissolution rate of all three substrates at pH 2.5 and, in one test with dentine (at 20 mmol/L phosphate), at pH 3.25. The results suggest that calcium addition to soft drinks and other acidic products such as medications may reduce erosivity against enamel, provided that pH is not too low; that phosphate would not reduce erosivity against enamel; and that neither calcium nor phosphate at these concentrations would reduce erosivity against dentin.","PeriodicalId":38153,"journal":{"name":"Swiss dental journal","volume":"133 7-8","pages":"432-438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10109244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0