{"title":"Other Replenishable Resources","authors":"R. Shaffner, F. Quinn, J. Carroll","doi":"10.4324/9780429051340-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429051340-13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":380927,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources in U.S.-Canadian Relations","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132613458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Other Minerals and Deep-Sea Nodules","authors":"A. Hero, R. Logan","doi":"10.4324/9780429051340-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429051340-12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":380927,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources in U.S.-Canadian Relations","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116115897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Iron Ore","authors":"W. Hogan","doi":"10.4324/9780429051340-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429051340-2","url":null,"abstract":"Domestic production of iron ore in 2000 increased by 9%, reflecting an increase in steel production with the attendant increase in pig iron production. Similarly, world iron ore output rose reflecting higher levels of steel and pig iron production. There were major acquisitions in the iron ore industry. Iron ore prices increased. Iron ore is essential to the economy and national security of the United States. As the basic raw material from which iron and steel are made, its supply is critical to any industrial country. Scrap is used as a supplement in steelmaking but is limited as a major feed material because the supply of highquality scrap is limited. However, alternatives, such as direct reduced iron (DRI), were available, and their use is growing. In 2000, the steel industry accounted for more than 98.5% of iron ore consumption. Iron ore is a mineral substance which, when heated in the presence of a reductant, will yield metallic iron. It almost always consists of iron oxides, the primary forms of which are magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) and hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ). Taconite, the principal iron ore mined in the United States, has a low (20% to 30%) Fe content and is found in hard, fine-grained, banded iron formations.","PeriodicalId":380927,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources in U.S.-Canadian Relations","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127996025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bauxite and Aluminum","authors":"J. Weitz, Mary E. Trought","doi":"10.4324/9780429051340-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429051340-7","url":null,"abstract":"Bauxite, the ore of the widely useful metal aluminum, has also an important use in the manufacture of artificial abrasives, which are of wide application in all metal industries, at present particularly in the finishing of guns, cartridge cases, and motor parts. Bauxite is also the basis of an extensive chemical industry, being the crude material from which alum, aluminum sulphate, and several other chemicals used particularly in water purification, dyeing, and tanning are made. Owing to the greatly enhanced price of aluminum sdphate, several municipal and industrial waterworks have recently installed small plants to make it for use in purifying their water supplies. A use for bauxite that is expanding at a rapid rate is in the manufacture of bauxite brick, more properly called, according to the United States Geological Survey, high-alumina refractories. For furnace linings, these refractories are reported to be replacing the more expensive magnesite and other refractory materials. The uses of aluminum are myriad, but as some are more essential than others, it is likely that the minor articles formerly made from aluminum will for the present be made in smaller quantity, because the available supply of aluminum will probably be diverted to more urgent uses. PRODUCTION.","PeriodicalId":380927,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources in U.S.-Canadian Relations","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128157035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Potash","authors":"J. Laux, M. A. Molot","doi":"10.4324/9780429051340-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429051340-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":380927,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources in U.S.-Canadian Relations","volume":"369 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126706553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Overview and Conclusions","authors":"A. Hero","doi":"10.4324/9780429051340-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429051340-14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":380927,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources in U.S.-Canadian Relations","volume":"326 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122741931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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