M. Lorkiewicz, O. Stankiewicz, M. Domański, H. Hang, Wen-Hsiao Peng
{"title":"Fast Selection of INTRA CTU Partitioning in HEVC Encoders using Artificial Neural Networks","authors":"M. Lorkiewicz, O. Stankiewicz, M. Domański, H. Hang, Wen-Hsiao Peng","doi":"10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593483","url":null,"abstract":"In the intra-frame video coding, an image is divided into small blocks, and the actual coding is performed individually in these blocks. In this paper, the process is considered in the context of the widely used HEVC compression, where the optimum choice of the division is crucial for the ratedistortion performance. Unfortunately, the search for such optimum division needs very many operations, and is done on the basis of “try and check” approach in the classic implementations. The idea of the paper is to replace this complex part of the encoder by a neural network, and some variants of the potential neural networks are studied and compared in the paper. For the chosen network, the complexity of the encoder is vastly reduced at the cost of negligible loss in the rate-distortion performance. These features are demonstrated using an extensive set of frames from many test video sequences.","PeriodicalId":380515,"journal":{"name":"2021 Signal Processing Symposium (SPSympo)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126742960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Human Detection and Action Classification Based on Millimeter Wave Radar Point Cloud Imaging Technology","authors":"Jiayu Wu, Zhanyu Zhu, Haipeng Wang","doi":"10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593690","url":null,"abstract":"Millimeter wave (mmw) radar has higher performance and stronger environment adaptability than optic sensors. With the improvement of millimeter wave radar integration technologies, mmw radar has being widely used in the field of ADAS. In this paper, we studied the output point cloud characteristics based on the 77GHZ millimeter wave MIMO radar AWR1443 verification system, and proposed a point cloud filtering method aiming at millimeter wave radar point clouds ADAS application. A point cloud classification network MMPointGNN was used in this paper, and gestures of traffic police were to be used as the training data. The mmw radar point cloud classification using MMPointGNN was proved through experiment of four gestures recognition, including stopping, turning right, turning left and holding. The code is available at https://github.com/dodowujiayu/Human-Detection-and-Action-Classification.","PeriodicalId":380515,"journal":{"name":"2021 Signal Processing Symposium (SPSympo)","volume":"230 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126136655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Pożoga, Helena Ciechowska, B. Matyjasiak, H. Rothkaehl, M. Grzesiak, R. Wronowski, Łukasz Tomasik, K. Budzińska
{"title":"Ionospheric Scintillation Diagnostic on LOFAR ILT Network in Single Station Mode","authors":"M. Pożoga, Helena Ciechowska, B. Matyjasiak, H. Rothkaehl, M. Grzesiak, R. Wronowski, Łukasz Tomasik, K. Budzińska","doi":"10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593637","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to obtain quantitative information on the conditions of ionospheric plasma and its variability at mid-latitudes. For this purpose, we use the S4 scintillation index parameter, which is widely used in other diagnostic techniques, such as Global Navigation Satel-lite System (GNSS). This paper presents a method for determination of ionospheric scintillation intensity with the use of single LOw-Frequency ARray for radio astronomy (LOFAR)station - PL610. We show the specificity of LOFAR measurements, related problems, and methods to obtain ionospheric scintillation index.","PeriodicalId":380515,"journal":{"name":"2021 Signal Processing Symposium (SPSympo)","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128008259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Human Behavior Recognition Based on Multi-Dimensional Feature Learning of Millimeter-Wave Radar","authors":"Xiangfeng Wang, Zhaoyang Xia, Haipeng Wang, F. Xu","doi":"10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593357","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a multi-dimensional feature learning method is proposed to improve the classification accuracy and generalization performance of human behavior recognition on millimeter-wave radar. First, through the process of the radar echo reflected by the human body, we get the spectrums of range-Doppler, Doppler, the azimuth angle and the elevation angle. Then, a fixed frame-length sliding window method is used to capture 6 single-channel image features and 6 three-channel image features that can effectively represent human behaviors. Finally, a lightweight convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to learn and classify multidimensional behavior features. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, a dataset of six classes of human behaviors are collected by 3 people at multiple positions. The experimental results show that, compared with other features, the combined feature of range-time map (RTM), Doppler-time map (DTM) and azimuth-elevation-time map (AETM) has best classification performance for 6 human behaviors. In addition, the data of person A is used to train for a classification model, and the model is used to classify the behavior of people B and C, respectively. The recognition accuracy rates for untrained people B and C are 91.7% and 86.7%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":380515,"journal":{"name":"2021 Signal Processing Symposium (SPSympo)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114943722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ISAR Imaging Phase Correction Algorithm Based on Entropy Minimization","authors":"A. Lazarov, C. Kabakchiev, I. Garvanov","doi":"10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593884","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, an Inverse Synthetic Aperture (ISAR) imaging technique with a phase correction is discussed. Based on discrete geometry of the observed object and linear frequency modulation (LFM) emitted waveform, an ISAR signal model is constructed. An iterative Range-Doppler image reconstruction algorithm with a phase correction of higher order is developed. It includes: signal demodulation and radial motion compensation of object's mass center; 2-D inverse Fourier transformations for image extraction, removing ISAR signal's phases of higher order on azimuth and range directions by multiplication with an exponential term with argument - a polynomial of a second order, and using entropy as an image cost function. The geometry, signal model and image reconstruction algorithm with a higher order signal's phase compensation are illustrated by numerical simulation experiments.","PeriodicalId":380515,"journal":{"name":"2021 Signal Processing Symposium (SPSympo)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115117759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cross-domain human motion recognition","authors":"Xianghan Yang, Zhaoyang Xia, Yinan Mo, F. Xu","doi":"10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593556","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important issues in radar-based pattern recognition is how to efficiently obtain a large amount of reliable labeled data to train the classification model. We train classification models based on simulated samples to classify measured samples across domains to solve the problem of labeled data acquisition in human motion recognition. First, we use the motion capture dataset of Carnegie Mellon University (CMU MOCAP) to simulate the frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar echo signals of 41 target points of human body. Then generate an amount of simulated labeled data to perform supervised learning to train a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) classification model. Firstly, a millimeter-wave radar with a two-dimensional antenna array is utilized to transmit FMCW signals and receive the echo signals of human motions. Then data processing is performed on the intermediate frequency (IF) sampling data to gain measured data. Experiment results show that there are similar characteristics in feature spectrograms between those generated by simulation and measurement. Applying the model trained on simulation data to classify the measured data based on a multi-channel CNN with multi-dimensional features method, we achieve test accuracy rate of 94.4%, which proves the feasibility and practicability for cross-domain human motion recognition.","PeriodicalId":380515,"journal":{"name":"2021 Signal Processing Symposium (SPSympo)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115223310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Field Trials of Passive Radiolocation using LOFAR Radio Telescope and External Reference Receiver","authors":"K. Jędrzejewski, K. Kulpa, M. Pożoga","doi":"10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593775","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of studies related to the possibility of cooperation of a LOFAR radio telescope with an external reference receiver in a passive radiolocation system in which the LOFAR radio telescope serves as a receiver. In particular, the problem of synchronization of signal registrations performed by LOFAR and the external reference receivers based on a Universal Software Radio Peripheral (USRP) device is considered. The field trials, whose results are presented in the paper, were one of the first stages of our research devoted to the practical verification of the capability of space target detection using the LOFAR station as a receiver in a passive radiolocation system.","PeriodicalId":380515,"journal":{"name":"2021 Signal Processing Symposium (SPSympo)","volume":"58-60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116256117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katarzyna Beser, M. Mevius, M. Grzesiak, H. Rothkaehl
{"title":"Detection of periodic disturbances in LOFAR calibration solutions","authors":"Katarzyna Beser, M. Mevius, M. Grzesiak, H. Rothkaehl","doi":"10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593845","url":null,"abstract":"Calibration solutions of astronomical observations contain information on ionospheric disturbances with a sensitivity of less than 1 mTECU. We apply a complex Morlet wavelet transform to one of the least disturbed datasets to detect the wave parameters of periodic disturbances and check the sensitivity levels to geomagnetic conditions characterised with the auroral electrojet index. We obtain two dominant frequencies of 6 minutes and 14 minutes. We also note that AE index variations time occurence coincides with peaks in the LOFAR scaleogram. Such high sensitivity to geomagnetic conditions may prove beneficial for future study of the ionosphere-plasmasphere interaction.","PeriodicalId":380515,"journal":{"name":"2021 Signal Processing Symposium (SPSympo)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122384646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bohdan Vodianyk, Ivan Seleznov, M. Chernykh, I. Zyma, A. Popov, K. Kiyono
{"title":"Analysis of Brain Reaction to Emotional Faces","authors":"Bohdan Vodianyk, Ivan Seleznov, M. Chernykh, I. Zyma, A. Popov, K. Kiyono","doi":"10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593764","url":null,"abstract":"This work is aimed to study the changes of the emotion-induced variations in the brain's electrical activity. We focused on revealing alterations in cognitive mechanisms caused by the presentation of neutral human face stimuli among faces with either negative or positive expressions. To access the changes, Fourier Power Spectral Density (PSD) and the scaling exponent values obtained from the detrended moving average analysis (DMA) were compared in seven frequency ranges for the series when emotionally neutral stimuli were presented after positive and negative images of human faces. As a result, the cortical mapping of the evoked responses was obtained and analyzed to reveal the manifestations of the specific brain activity. Sex-related differences consisted of activating two major cognitive networks of the brain: emotional or theta-network and cognitive beta-network. As for cortical topography, PSD changes occurred in the antero-central areas of the cortex in the $boldsymbol{theta 1}$-subband (extension of working memory) and almost generally within all the cortical areas in the $boldsymbol{beta 1}$-subband (activation of external attention). Analysis conducted between male and female groups showed that the most significant changes were found in the female group during the processing of neutral images under the negative stimuli aftereffect. The DMA analysis revealed a greater synchronization of oscillations in the 01-range in the left frontal-temporal zones in the case of neutral image presentation preceded by positive stimuli. Apart from that, in the series of neutral image presentation against the negative emotional background, the female group was characterized by maintaining a high level of long-range spatio-temporal correlations of the electroencephalogram signal in the central and right temporal-occipital areas.","PeriodicalId":380515,"journal":{"name":"2021 Signal Processing Symposium (SPSympo)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122852318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Power and Energy Efficiency Optimization of Baseband Transmission Links","authors":"C. Lange, A. Ahrens","doi":"10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/spsympo51155.2020.9593548","url":null,"abstract":"Power and energy consumption of communication networks contribute to the resource demand and hence they impact the sustainability of the society. Transmission links form basic parts of communication networks and thus they add to the overall communication networks' resource demand. Therefore it is important to optimize transmission links in order to support the energy-efficient design of communication networks. In transmission systems the constellation size in general is a degree of freedom when designing a transmission link. In this contribution, multilevel baseband transmission via additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels and over copper cables is optimized with respect to minimum power and energy demand, respectively - for the relevant case of given throughput and fixed transmission quality of a link. The results are two-fold: In the AWGN case the minimum power and energy is required at the smallest possible constellation sizes. In case of band-limited baseband transmission over twisted-pair copper wires the optimum constellation size increases as the band limitation becomes stronger, i. e., as the cable gets longer at fixed bit rate or as the bit rate is increased at fixed link length. The optimization of the constellation size allows for significant power and energy savings per link.","PeriodicalId":380515,"journal":{"name":"2021 Signal Processing Symposium (SPSympo)","volume":"30 10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125804128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}