Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies最新文献_第6页

Frontier Capitalism and Politics of Dispossession in Myanmar: The Case of the Mwetaung (Gullu Mual) Nickel Mine in Chin State 缅甸边境资本主义与剥夺政治:以钦邦Mwetaung (Gullu Mual)镍矿为例

Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.14764/10.ASEAS-2018.1-2

Rainer Einzenberger

引用次数: 5

The Institutions of Authoritarian Neoliberalism in Malaysia: A Critical Review of the Development Agendas Under the Regimes of Mahathir, Abdullah, and Najib 马来西亚威权主义的新自由主义制度:对马哈蒂尔、阿卜杜拉和纳吉布政权下发展议程的批判性回顾

Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.14764/10.ASEAS-2018.1-4

Bonn Juego

{"title":"The Institutions of Authoritarian Neoliberalism in Malaysia: A Critical Review of the Development Agendas Under the Regimes of Mahathir, Abdullah, and Najib","authors":"Bonn Juego","doi":"10.14764/10.ASEAS-2018.1-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14764/10.ASEAS-2018.1-4","url":null,"abstract":"After toppling the 61-year dominant Barisan Nasional through a historic election victory in May 2018, expectations are high for the new ruling government led by Mahathir Mohamad and the Pakatan Harapan to fulfil their promises for socio-economic reforms and regime change in Malaysia. But what have been the institutions of the prevailing regime that need to be reformed and changed? This article offers a critical review of the evolving development agendas since the 1990s of the successive governments of Mahathir Mohamad, Abdullah Badawi, and Najib Razak, each couched in different catchphrases: Wawasan 2020, Islam Hadhari, and 1Malaysia. A close reading of these programs suggests that their substance articulates two persistent logics: the ruling elite’s constant requirement for political stability enforced by a strong state; and, the need to adapt to the demands and opportunities of accumulation in specific phases of Malaysia’s capitalist development in the context of globalization. The analysis reveals the attempts at maintaining authoritarian neoliberalism, or a neoliberal economy embedded in an authoritarian polity, as the de facto social regime in contemporary Malaysia. By examining policy documents, speeches, and news reports, the article discloses how this regime had been enunciated or reified in public discourses, policies, and actions of the respective administrations.","PeriodicalId":37990,"journal":{"name":"Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74737562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Thai Doctoral Students’ Layers of Identity Options Through Social Acculturation in Australia 通过澳大利亚的社会文化适应，泰国博士生的身份选择层次

Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.14764/10.ASEAS-2018.1-6

Singhanat Nomnian

引用次数: 13

The Social Base of New Authoritarianism in Southeast Asia: Class Struggle and the Imperial Mode of Living 东南亚新威权主义的社会基础:阶级斗争与帝国主义的生活方式

Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.14764/10.ASEAS-2018.1-8

W. Schaffar

{"title":"The Social Base of New Authoritarianism in Southeast Asia: Class Struggle and the Imperial Mode of Living","authors":"W. Schaffar","doi":"10.14764/10.ASEAS-2018.1-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14764/10.ASEAS-2018.1-8","url":null,"abstract":"This research note addresses the question of the social base of new authoritarianism and sketches out new directions for future research. In Europe and the United States, this question has led to highly controversial debates between two camps. One side argues for a class analysis and sees a revolt of the disenfranchised and poor behind the electoral success of the right-wing populists. The other side draws on the concept of the Imperial Model of Living and focuses on a cross-class alliance in the North, defending their unsustainable consumption pattern, which rests on the exploitation of resources, sinks, and cheap labor from the South. It will be argued that a view from Southeast Asia – especially data from Thailand and the Philippines – has the potential to challenge some assumptions of this debate and add important insights. Here, a rising middle class has been in the focus of the debate on democratization in the 1980s/1990s. Starting with the Asia Crisis in 1997/1998, the rise of the new authoritarianism has also been linked to middle-class mobilization. Finally, due to the proximity to China and historical links, the re-orientation of middle classes towards China provides insights into the micro processes behind the shift in the global economic system.","PeriodicalId":37990,"journal":{"name":"Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87145877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

National Human Rights Institutions, Extraterritorial Obligations and Hydropower in Southeast Asia: Implications of the Region’s Authoritarian Turn 国家人权机构、域外义务和东南亚的水电:该地区威权转向的影响

Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.14764/10.ASEAS-2018.1-5

Carl Middleton

{"title":"National Human Rights Institutions, Extraterritorial Obligations and Hydropower in Southeast Asia: Implications of the Region’s Authoritarian Turn","authors":"Carl Middleton","doi":"10.14764/10.ASEAS-2018.1-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14764/10.ASEAS-2018.1-5","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the role of National Human Rights Institutions (NHRIs) and transnational civil society in pursing Extraterritorial Obligation (ETO) cases in Southeast Asia as a means to investigate human rights threatened by cross-border investment projects. Two large hydropower dams under construction in Laos submitted to NHRIs from Thailand and Malaysia, namely the Xayaburi Dam and Don Sahong Dam, are detailed as case studies. The article argues that the emergence of ETOs in Southeast Asia, and its future potential, is dependent upon the collaborative relationship between the NHRIs and transnational civil society networks. Whilst NHRIs are in positions of political authority to investigate cases, civil society also enable cases through networking, research, and public advocacy. Further institutionalization of ETOs is significant to emerging regional and global agendas on business and human rights, including the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights that both the Thai and Malaysian governments have expressed commitment to. However, in Thailand and its neighboring countries where investments are located there has been an authoritarian turn. Reflecting this, there are weakening mandates of NHRIs and reduced civil and political freedoms upon which civil society depends that challenges the ability to investigate and pursue cases.","PeriodicalId":37990,"journal":{"name":"Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87287144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The Iron Silk Road and the Iron Fist: Making Sense of the Military Coup D’État in Thailand 铁丝绸之路与铁拳:泰国军事政变的意义État

Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.14764/10.ASEAS-2018.1-3

W. Schaffar

引用次数: 6

Giving Trends in Myanmar: More Than Merit Making 缅甸的捐赠趋势:不仅仅是创造价值

Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies Pub Date : 2017-12-30 DOI: 10.14764/10.ASEAS-2017.2-5

Cavelle Dove

{"title":"Giving Trends in Myanmar: More Than Merit Making","authors":"Cavelle Dove","doi":"10.14764/10.ASEAS-2017.2-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14764/10.ASEAS-2017.2-5","url":null,"abstract":"Myanmar, with a human development index ranking of 145 out of 188 countries (UNDP,2016), has been given the prestigious title as the number one giving nation in the world for three years running (2014-2016) by Charities Aid Foundation, challenging the notion that giving is tied to wealth. Explanations for why this is the case tend to focus on the religious practices of Theravada Buddhism and merit-making. This explanation is only part of the picture, however, and does not account for the similarly high rates of giving by other religious groups in Myanmar or for the failing of other Buddhist nations to equal Myanmar’s generosity. I will argue that the low levels of state investment in basic human welfare and the widespread deprivation in the country due to the long years of military rule, coupled with the lack of effective institutions to provide basic social welfare services, are equally strong motivators for charity. At the same time, I will demonstrate that giving trends in Myanmar - even those motivated by compassion or religious duty - area response to immediate needs that are unmet by government or institutional support. For the vast majority of people, reliance on your neighbor is the only available insurance. Such charitable giving rarely extends to philanthropic giving, which addresses systemic and root causes of poverty rather than targeting symptoms. I provide explanations for the high level of charitable giving in Myanmar, looking at everyday examples of giving in Myanmar from both individuals and local businesses and considering the humanitarian disaster of Cyclone Nargis in 2008 as a case example.","PeriodicalId":37990,"journal":{"name":"Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80927694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Moving Beyond Charity to Philanthropy? The Case of Charitable Giving in Thailand 从慈善走向慈善?泰国的慈善捐赠案例

Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies Pub Date : 2017-12-30 DOI: 10.14764/10.ASEAS-2017.2-4

Natalie Phaholyothin

引用次数: 3

Addressing Unfortunate Wayfarer: Islamic Philanthropy and Indonesian Migrant Workers in Hong Kong 致不幸的流浪者:香港的伊斯兰慈善与印尼移民工人

Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies Pub Date : 2017-12-30 DOI: 10.14764/10.ASEAS-2017.2-7

H. Latief

引用次数: 3

Philanthropy in Southeast Asia: Between Charitable Values, Corporate Interests, and Development Aspirations 东南亚的慈善事业:慈善价值观、企业利益与发展愿望之间的关系

Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies Pub Date : 2017-12-30 DOI: 10.14764/10.ASEAS-2017.2-2

R. Sciortino

引用次数: 9