Revista Contabilidade e Financas最新文献

{"title":"Misvaluation and behavioral bias in the Brazilian stock market","authors":"José Bonifácio de Araújo Júnior, O. R. D. Medeiros, Olavo Venturim Caldas, César Augusto Tibúrcio Silva","doi":"10.1590/1808-057X201805770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-057X201805770","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The study sought to apply the model developed by Gokhale et al. (2015) to identify the existence of overreaction and behavioral biases in the Brazilian stock market and analyze its performance as an investment strategy on the São Paulo Stock, Commodities, and Futures Exchange (BM&FBOVESPA) in the short term and long term, as well as test its robustness with time window simulations. The impacts of behavioral finance on capital markets can affect economic decisions, perpetuate or increase asset pricing anomalies, and in more extreme and persistent situations contribute to the formation of bubbles that can compromise the entire financial system of a country. The study pioneers an innovative methodology in the Brazilian stock market for identifying behavioral biases and obtaining abnormal returns and higher returns than the Ibovespa. The research uses the model developed by Gokhale, Tremblay, and Tremblay (2015) in three samples with quotations data for Brazilian publicly-traded companies that compose the Ibovespa and IBrA in the period from 2005 to 2016. With the R statistical software, the Fundamental Valuation Index (FVI) was calculated for each sample share and each year. From the FVI index, the undervalued shares were identified, indicating that the sales price does not reflect their economic fundamentals, and portfolio simulations were carried out for investment over three months or the next year. The results indicate the possible existence of overreaction and behavioral biases in the Brazilian stock market, which lead to the possibility of higher abnormal returns than those of the Ibovespa. Similar to the US market, at the end of the 2006-2016 period simulated portfolios yielded more than 274%, while the Ibovespa yielded approximately 80%. The robustness tests attest to the effectiveness of the model. The various investment portfolios, simulated over different time horizons, yielded more than the Ibovespa on average. The study also confirmed the assumptions of Gokhale, Tremblay, and Tremblay (2015) regarding the model's inadequacy for short-term strategies.","PeriodicalId":37984,"journal":{"name":"Revista Contabilidade e Financas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/1808-057X201805770","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67198382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interface between management control systems and strategy and performance measures in a family business,","authors":"I. M. Oro, C. Lavarda","doi":"10.1590/1808-057X201806490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-057X201806490","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze how the interface occurs between the management control systems (MCSs) and the strategy and performance measures in a family business, from the perspective of Contingency Theory. The relevance of the theme lies in understanding how the use of the managerial levers from the Levers of Control (LOC) model (Simons, 1995) is perceived by the senior management of a family business in the interface with the strategy and performance measures. In terms of its impact in the area, this article broadens the field of research that uses the LOC model together with strategy and performance measures in family businesses. The research methodology used combined methods, operationalized by the case study procedure. The content analysis was performed using coded categories based on the literature and selected passages from the interviews, observation, and documents, by means of qualitative analysis software. As a result, it was observed that the family management designed by the controlling owner, with an entrepreneurial vision, working together (father and sons), and the organizational values of the family unit (belief systems), showed particularities of the family-business duality that contributed to the implementation of the strategy and the use of performance measures. It is also inferred that the two systems (diagnostic controls and interactive controls) are complementary in the organization and that the “customized control” produced by the integrated management system is an adjustment of the MCS to the contingencies in order to enable the interface with the strategy and performance measures. The study revealed that the family values present in the management take form in the belief systems that shape the use of the MCSs and in the strategic behavior of the organization, which is an element that is barely discussed in Simons (1995) and opens up room for new research.","PeriodicalId":37984,"journal":{"name":"Revista Contabilidade e Financas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/1808-057X201806490","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67199000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composition of the board of directors and pay-performance sensitivity","authors":"Isac de Freitas Brandão, A. Vasconcelos, M. M. M. Luca, V. Crisóstomo","doi":"10.1590/1808-057X201806610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-057X201806610","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article investigates, in the Brazilian capital market, the effect of the composition of the board of directors on executive compensation sensitivity to market performance, known as pay-performance sensitivity (PPS). Due to potential agency conflicts between controlling and minority shareholders and between shareholders and managers, members of the board of directors of the executive board or those appointed by the controlling shareholder might have less independence, something which may compromise monitoring effectiveness and, consequently, reduce the PPS. The purpose is contributing to understand the agency conflicts that have taken place in the Brazilian capital market and to define the configuration of the monitoring and compensation mechanisms that minimize total agency costs, maximizing shareholders’ wealth. The research results have implications for understanding the agency relations and for corporate governance in the Brazilian capital market. It is concluded that the relation between the monitoring exercised by the board of directors and executive compensation is a condition for its effectiveness as a governance mechanism in the Brazilian capital market. Data within the period 2013-2015 from 92 companies that participate in the Brazil 100 Index (IBRX 100) of the São Paulo Stock, Mercantile & Futures Exchange (BM&FBOVESPA) were analyzed. In addition to tests of difference between mean values and correlation, estimates were processed through feasible generalized least squares modeling. The independence of the board of directors vis-à-vis the controlling shareholder and the executive board may work as a corporate governance mechanism supplementing executive compensation. The results of this study indicate that the proportion of executives and independent members in the board of directors reduces the PPS, a measurement for executive compensation effectiveness made operational by the contemporary relation between increased managers’ compensation and increased company’s market value.","PeriodicalId":37984,"journal":{"name":"Revista Contabilidade e Financas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/1808-057X201806610","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67199082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelos de mensuração de desempenho e sua influência na captação líquida de fundos de investimento","authors":"A. Fernandes, Simone Evangelista Fonseca, Robert Aldo Iquiapaza","doi":"10.1590/1808-057X201805330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-057X201805330","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37984,"journal":{"name":"Revista Contabilidade e Financas","volume":"29 1","pages":"435-451"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/1808-057X201805330","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67198484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Análise de carteiras de valor no mercado brasileiro","authors":"V. Palazzo, José Roberto Ferreira Savóia, José Roberto Securato, D. R. Bergmann","doi":"10.1590/1808-057X201804810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-057X201804810","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37984,"journal":{"name":"Revista Contabilidade e Financas","volume":"29 1","pages":"452-468"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/1808-057X201804810","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67198216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capacidade preditiva de accruals antes e após as IFRS no mercado acionário brasileiro","authors":"T. M. Boina, M. Macedo","doi":"10.1590/1808-057X201806300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-057X201806300","url":null,"abstract":"RESUMO Este estudo objetivou analisar e avaliar a capacidade preditiva de accruals discricionários (AD) e não discricionários (AND) em predizer fluxos de caixa futuros antes e após as International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) no Brasil. Este estudo justifica-se em função da escassez de estudos no Brasil nessa temática e é relevante porque pretendeu elucidar se as mudanças ocorridas devido à convergência às IFRS no Brasil trouxeram melhoria da qualidade das informações contábeis. As escolhas contábeis de gestores e contadores no mercado acionário brasileiro, facultadas pelas IFRS, contribuem para uma aparente melhoria da qualidade da informação contábil em termos de confiabilidade, representação fidedigna da posição patrimonial e financeira da entidade e, principalmente, utilidade preditiva para estimação de fluxos de caixa futuros. A população foi constituída por empresas de capital aberto listadas na Bovespa e Bolsa de Valores, Mercadorias e Futuros de São Paulo (BM&FBOVESPA) nos anos de 2004 a 2007 e 2010 a 2015, respectivamente, sendo excluídas aquelas dos setores de “finanças e seguros” e “fundos” e ainda empresas consideradas holding para a formação da amostra não probabilística por conveniência (715 empresas). Os dados foram agrupados/combinados (pooling/pooled) por ano, pois contêm empresas diferentes ao longo da série temporal (painel desbalanceado). Verificou-se que os AD e AND produzidos antes das IFRS são negativos e estatisticamente significativos para prever fluxos de caixa futuros no mercado acionário brasileiro, o que indicava gerenciamento de resultados do tipo oportunístico/contratual. Uma das possíveis explicações para esse fato seria a influência de entidades tributárias governamentais (fisco) nas normas contábeis brasileiras, o que poderia induzir gestores a manipular resultados contábeis com o objetivo de reduzir lucros com vistas a pagar menos tributos, por exemplo. Já os AD e AND produzidos após as IFRS, com menor ascendência do fisco, são positivos e estatisticamente significativos para prever fluxos de caixa futuros no mercado acionário brasileiro, sinalizando motivação de escolhas contábeis discricionárias sob o aspecto informacional. Averiguou-se, também, que AD e AND correntes acrescentam poder informacional em comparação com os accruals agregados correntes. Ainda, identificou-se que AD e AND correntes originados após as IFRS, em comparação com os accruals agregados correntes, têm ganho informacional em relação àqueles produzidos antes.","PeriodicalId":37984,"journal":{"name":"Revista Contabilidade e Financas","volume":"29 1","pages":"375-389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/1808-057X201806300","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67198908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A note on tax research","authors":"M. Jacob","doi":"10.1590/1808-057X201890280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-057X201890280","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37984,"journal":{"name":"Revista Contabilidade e Financas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67199032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"O uso de derivativos para hedge melhora os ratings de crédito das empresas brasileiras","authors":"R. Antônio","doi":"10.11606/T.96.2019.tde-30112018-144457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11606/T.96.2019.tde-30112018-144457","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37984,"journal":{"name":"Revista Contabilidade e Financas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64443822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Value-relevance do disclosure: fatores e gestão de riscos em firmas brasileiras","authors":"José Glauber Cavalcante dos Santos, Antonio Carlos Coelho","doi":"10.1590/1808-057X201806150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-057X201806150","url":null,"abstract":"RESUMO A pesquisa investigou se a evidenciação em relatórios contábeis de informações sobre risco e sobre sua gestão afeta, na margem, a avaliação de firmas no mercado de capitais brasileiro. Questionou-se a existência de value-relevance do disclosure de informações relativas a fatores de risco e a estruturas de gestão de riscos. A importância do tema emerge da documentação de que o disclosure sobre os fatores de risco exerce papel estatisticamente significante na avaliação de firmas em contexto marcado por incerteza econômica e política, caso do mercado brasileiro. Os achados confirmaram que informações sobre o risco mostram relevância informacional para a avaliação das firmas. As informações sobre gestão de risco na firma, por seu turno, não se mostraram significantes para afetar a avaliação das ações das empresas. A investigação sobre o reporte detalhado de distintos fatores de risco apontou que informações individualizadas mostram graus diversos de relevância para avaliação das firmas. Infere-se que a evidenciação de fatores de risco afeta a percepção dos investidores, os quais suportam suas estimativas de retorno também com base na disponibilização e no detalhamento de tais informações. Observou-se, ainda, que a informação sobre estrutura de gestão de riscos não se mostrou value-relevant; ademais, poucas firmas publicaram informações sobre a constituição desse tipo de órgão na estrutura administrativa. Recorreu-se à aplicação do modelo residual income valuation (RIV) (Ohlson, 1995) por meio de regressões com estimação por dados em painel referentes ao triênio 2012-2014. A amostra, delimitada aleatoriamente, foi constituída por 100 empresas. Os dados sobre evidenciação de risco e evidenciação da gestão de risco foram coletados nos Formulários de Referência das empresas, disponíveis no website da Bolsa de Valores, Mercadorias e Futuros de São Paulo (BM&FBOVESPA). Espera-se, como impacto à área de conhecimento, maior amplitude nas discussões sobre a utilidade da divulgação sobre o tema referente a fatores de risco e a existência de órgão específico responsável pela gestão de risco nas firmas, segundo a percepção de investidores. Contribui-se, ainda, trazendo evidências sobre a qualidade de disclosure relativo a risco (fatores e gestão) e a percepção do mercado de capitais quanto à informatividade e à relevância de tais destaques.","PeriodicalId":37984,"journal":{"name":"Revista Contabilidade e Financas","volume":"23 1","pages":"390-404"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/1808-057X201806150","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67198766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Actuarial fairness in social security calculations: application of a multiple decrement model to compare the social security factor and minimum age rules","authors":"André Luiz Lemos Andrade Gouveia, Filipe Costa de Souza, L. Rêgo","doi":"10.1590/1808-057X201805740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-057X201805740","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract It has been shown that under the social security factor rule current contribution rates are insufficient to cover social security benefits, since the actuarially fair rates are 30.69% and 35.27% for men and women, respectively. However, if the social security reform were approved as submitted, the fair rates would be reduced to 22.25% and 21.60%, respectively. Besides the minimum age, part of this reduction is due to the proposed rules allowing pension values lower than the minimum wage. These results served the objective of this work, which was to compare the actuarially fair social security rates for the General Social Welfare Policy (GSWP), based on the social security factor rules and the minimum age proposal present in Proposed Constitutional Amendment n. 287/2016. The demographic changes that have taken place in Brazil in recent years raise questions about the sustainability of the national social security system and approving social security reform has been a government priority. Therefore, there is an undisputed need for an actuarial study that calculates actuarially fair rates and compares the current scenario with the reform proposals. Multiple decrement actuarial models were used to calculate the fair rates considering a standard family (25-year-old worker, spouse, and two children), in which the man is three years older than the woman. The IBGE 2015 Extrapolated (mortality) and Álvaro Vindas (disability) tables were adopted as biometric assumptions, and a real wage growth rate of 2% p.a. and real interest rate of 3% p.a. were used.","PeriodicalId":37984,"journal":{"name":"Revista Contabilidade e Financas","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/1808-057X201805740","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67198365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}