Acta Mycologica最新文献

{"title":"Fungi complicit in oak powdery mildew infection in the Oława Forest District","authors":"R. Ramut, W. Pusz","doi":"10.5586/am/166060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am/166060","url":null,"abstract":"Oaks are important forest-forming species in Poland. It is an important species from an economic perspective in Polish forestry. Oak is characterized by high tolerance in terms of soil requirements, which include soil formations from sandy to clayey with a reaction from acidic to indifferent, sometimes even alkaline in pedunculate oak. It is sensitive to late frosts. In recent years, climate change has been observed in Europe and also in Poland. Abiotic stresses caused by unfavourable weather conditions have worsened the health of oak trees, on which other pathogens, primarily fungi, have become established. The research was carried out at two sites in the Oława Forest District in Bystrzyca in 2022. They consisted in collecting 10 representative shoots from each research area, which were then used to isolate fungal species in the laboratory. The results of the experiment confirm that co-occurring species can be observed with the presence of powdery mildew. Oak shoots are colonised by both pathogenic and saprotrophic fungal species. The high occurrence of pathogenic fungi species along with powdery mildew on oak shoots can be associated with the deterioration of the phytosarcoma condition of oaks, however, in order to be able to state this unequivocally, research on this phenomenon should be focused on in the future.","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41896035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fusarium equiseti as One of the Main Fusarium Species Causing Wilt and Root Rot of Chickpeas in Morocco","authors":"Naila El Hazzat, Manal Adnani, S. Msairi, MyAbdelaziz El Alaoui, N. Mouden, M. Chliyeh, S. Boughribil, K. Selmaoui, A. Ouazzani Touhami, A. Douira","doi":"10.5586/am.576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am.576","url":null,"abstract":"Fungal isolates of Fusarium were collected from symptomatic chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)  plants growing in fields within Souk Tlat commune in the Gharb region. Morphological and molecular characterizations were performed of the fungal isolate N3 obtained from a chickpea plant. PCR amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer using the primers ITS1 and ITS4 was applied to identify the fungal isolate N3. The maximum similarity index of the fungus was found to be 99.33% with Fusarium equiseti (accession no. MT111122). In the pathogenicity test, both chickpea seed dip inoculation and soil infestation by the spore suspension of Fusarium isolate were adopted. Four weeks after chickpea seed inoculation, few plants emerged and those that emerged were stunted. A high percentage of inoculated seeds did not emerge and showed accentuated rot symptoms. Eight weeks after sowing seeds in infested soil, the obtained chickpea seedlings displayed root necrosis, browning at the crown, and wilting. In addition, these plants showed a foliar alteration index of 0.395. The re-isolation was positive for different parts of chickpea plants for both seed and soil inoculation. Fusarium equiseti isolate decreased the length of the root and aerial parts, and number of leaves and branches of the inoculated chickpea plants either by seed inoculation or soil infestation with values of 0.91 cm and 19.73 cm, 1.29 cm and 19.44 cm, 1.11 and 18.66, and 0.0 and 2.08 respectively, whereas the corresponding values for the control plants were 27.16 and 28.33 cm, 29.05 and 31.05 cm, 24.21 and 25.66, and 3.50 and 3.11, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of F. equiseti on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in Morocco.","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42473662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhizoctonia solani AG5 and Its Offspring – Morphology and Sensitivity to Fungicides","authors":"Patrycja Hendel, E. Moliszewska, M. Nabrdalik, Paweł Kudrys, N. Knap","doi":"10.5586/am.578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am.578","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of these studies was to identify differences and similarities within the progeny of Rhizoctonia solani AG5, which arose from basidiospores produced by the maternal strain ID23. The following characteristics were analyzed: appearance of the mycelium (color, structure, zonation, and presence of sclerotia), growth rate (at 10°C, 20°C, and 30°C), fungicide sensitivity, and hyphal structure.The mycelial color of R. solani AG5 ranged from white/cream to light and dark brown. The structure of the mycelium may be compacted or flattened with visible zoning or fluffy with dark brown sclerotia on the colony surface. Homokaryons and heterokaryons derived from homokaryons were analyzed by constructing a phylogenetic tree using morphological data. Single basidiospore-grown isolates formed a separate subclade, the majority of which were grouped with a maternal isolate; however, heterokaryons derived from them created a separate subclade. In addition, isolates grown in basidiospores germinated at low temperatures created their own group, but with some exceptions. This shows a divergence in the morphological parameters of the subsequent generations and within generations. The optimal temperature for growth was found to be between 20°C and 30°C. The exceptions were strains obtained from basidiospores that germinated at refrigerated temperatures. For these samples, 10°C was found to be the optimal growth temperature. The hyphae of homokaryons were characterized by the presence of branching at an almost right angle and the presence of a septum at the site of constriction of the branch itself. The mean diameter of hyphae ranged 2.93–15.60 μm, depending on the age of hyphae. The fungicidal compounds at a concentration of 10 ppm had no significant effect on the activity of the tested strains, whereas a tenfold increase in the dose reduced the growth ability of the tested isolates. The activity of fungicides containing azoxystrobin, thiuram, or thiophanate-methyl on R. solani resulted in a reduction in the mycelial growth rate only in the case of azoxystrobin and thiuram, and in some cases, it was completely inhibited (thiophanate-methyl).","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49007292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Species of Corticioid Fungi (Basidiomycota) for Poland Found in Białowieża Primeval Forest in 2018‒2020","authors":"E. Yurchenko, M. Wołkowycki","doi":"10.5586/am.577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am.577","url":null,"abstract":"Eight new species of fungi (Acanthobasidium norvegicum, Amylocorticium laceratum, Hyphoderma transiens, Odonticium septocystidiatum, Phlebia cretacea, Ph. subulata, Steccherinum albidum, and Tubulicrinis calothrix) were identified for Poland after a study of collections from large forests situated in the northeast part of the country. Leptosporomyces fuscostratus was confirmed for Polish mycobiota. Main diagnostic features, natural range, substratum preferences, and taxonomic position of these species are discussed. Color images of basidiomata for 9 species, line drawings of microscopic structures for 6 species, and scanning electron microscopy images of important microstructures for 4 species are provided.","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43921524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodiversity of Astraeus asiaticus, a Wild Indigenous Edible Mushroom, in the Forests of Bankura District, West Bengal and Its Antioxidant Property","authors":"Koushik Pandey, S. Ghosh","doi":"10.5586/am.575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am.575","url":null,"abstract":"Three forests, Beliatore, Gangajal-ghati (G-ghati), and Joyur, were surveyed for mushroom collection and biodiversity. Mushrooms in the rhizospheric zone of some trees, such as Shorea robusta, Petrocarpus marsupium, Terminalia bellrica, and Madhuca indica, were identified at the molecular level as Asterius asiaticus. Thereafter, the ecological diversity of this mushroom was determined in the forests. The diversity indices of Shorea robusta in the Beliatore, Joypur, and Gangajal-ghati forests were 2.303, 2.178, and 2.36, respectively. Notably, the diversity index of Madhuca indica in the Beliatore and Joypur forests was nearly the same as that in the Gangajal-ghati forest, with a value of 2.29. The total phenolics contents of the hot water, acetone, and hexane extracts of this mushroom were 6.8 ± 0.15, 3.95 ± 0.15, and 2.16 ± 0.26 mg GAE/g, respectively, and the total flavonoid contents were 2.03 ± 0.12, 1.65 ± 0.2, and 1.01 ± 0.08 mg QE/g, respectively. The ascorbic acid contents in the hot water, acetone, and hexane extracts were low. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined using the DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assay. The IC50 values of the hot water, acetone, and hexane extracts were 42.54 ± 1.25c µg/ml, 54.06 ± 1.50b µg/mL, and 82.97 ± 1.58a µg/ml respectively while that of the synthetic antioxidant, BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole), was 32.41 ± 1.26d µg/mL. Overall, the hot water extract of this mushroom had the highest antioxidant content and displayed the best radical scavenging power.","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47163012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Report of Bipolaris oryzae on Typha latifolia and the Pathogenicity of Its Isolates on Different Rice Varieties","authors":"Fadoua Berbrer, N. Lamrani, Nawal Imrani, S. Msairi, N. Mouden, R. Benkirane, A. Ouazzani Touhami, A. Douira","doi":"10.5586/am.573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am.573","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Rice (\u0000 Oryza sativa\u0000 L.) is the staple food of more than half of the world population. However, its production is facing several biotic constraints. Among serious biotic factors that harm rice crops, the Helminthosporium disease has severe adverse impacts on rice yield, generating heavy losses of up to 90%. Four\u0000 Bipolaris oryzae\u0000 isolates were recovered for the first time from leaf lesions in the weed species\u0000 Typha latifolia\u0000 , and then subjected to pathogenicity tests on several rice varieties. The results indicated that Moroccan isolates of\u0000 B. oryzae\u0000 altered the leaf surface of five rice varieties tested. Among four isolates, Hor4 was the most pathogenic, showing high aggressiveness on the Cererrer and Elio varieties, with disease severity of 92.59%, followed by the Hor1, Hor2, and Hor3 isolates. The Arpa variety showed higher resistance to the Hor1 isolate, with a severity index of 35.18%. Through mycelial cutting or conidial suspension,\u0000 B. oryzae\u0000 isolated from\u0000 T. latifolia\u0000 was able to produce conidia on the leaves of this weed species.","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47726693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Revised Catalog of Lichens of Georgia (South Caucasus)","authors":"Tsimi Inashvili, I. Kupradze, K. Batsatsashvili","doi":"10.5586/am.571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am.571","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A revised lichen catalog for Georgia, the South Caucasus, the second after 1986, is presented here. It is based on a literature survey and recent study of herbarium material. The list includes 713 species of lichens and nine species of nonlichenized fungi traditionally treated by lichenologists. As a basis for the present catalog, 106 literature sources reporting the first findings of the listed taxa in floristic regions of Georgia were used. The accepted taxa in bold are followed by references from the literature, if applicable, as well as references from herbarium specimens seen by us at local and several foreign herbaria. Specimens of the 547 of the 722 reported species are stored in the local herbaria: 542 at the National Herbarium of Georgia, the Institute of Botany, Ilia State University, Tbilisi (TBI), and 94 in the Herbarium of the State Museum of Georgia, Tbilisi (TGM). In each literature citation and herbarium code, the occurrence of respective species in Georgia’s floristic regions is given. In addition, a short historical background and comprehensive bibliography are provided.","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48091346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Myxobiota of the Łagiewnicki Forest in Łódź (Central Poland)","authors":"Agnieszka Maria Salamaga","doi":"10.5586/am.561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am.561","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Herein, the results of studies conducted in the Łagiewnicki Forest in the city of Łódź (central Poland) in 2010–2012 are presented. These were the first long-term observations into myxomycetes in the Łagiewnicki Forest and in central Poland. Investigations were conducted using the route method for the entire forest complex (2010–2012). Additionally, twelve logs were selected in the “Las Łagiewnicki” forest reserve for detailed observations in 2011–2012; these logs belonged to four tree species:\u0000 Betula pendula\u0000 Roth,\u0000 Carpinus betulus\u0000 L.,\u0000 Quercus\u0000 sp., and\u0000 Picea abies\u0000 (L.) H. Karst. In total, 1,561 specimens were collected and were classified into 96 taxa (91 species and five varieties). Three species (\u0000 Diderma saundersii\u0000 ,\u0000 Oligonema flavidum\u0000 , and\u0000 Didymium eximium\u0000 ) are new to the biota of Poland, while five (\u0000 Arcyria stipata\u0000 ,\u0000 Hemitrichia calyculata\u0000 ,\u0000 Oligonema schweinitzii\u0000 ,\u0000 Physarum flavicomum\u0000 , and\u0000 Physarum robustum\u0000 ) are included on the red list of rare myxomycetes in Poland.\u0000 Stemonitopsis amoena\u0000 is also classified as a rare species; to date, this species has been reported in one locality in Poland. The scale by Stephenson et al. was used to determine the frequency of occurrence of individual taxa; 55 taxa were classified as rare, nine as sporadic, 26 as common, and six as abundant taxa. Three ecological groups of slime molds were identified based on the type of substrate they colonized: lignicolous (54 taxa), foliicolous (seven taxa), and corticolous (two taxa). No preference for the substrate was noticed in a group of 33 taxa that occurred on different substrate types. The phenology of myxomycete occurrence was also analyzed; 49 taxa occurred throughout the entire vegetative season, while only single records of species that were found in specific months were noted. The biota collected in the “Las Łagiewnicki” forest reserve and that in a Łagiewnicki Forest segment outside it (of the same size and the same occurrence of plant communities as in the reserve) in 2011–2012 were also compared.","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41851324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contemporary State of Preservation of the Lichen Biota in the Eastern Part of the “Paprocie Serpentynitowe w Masywie Ślęży” Ecological Area","authors":"Maria Terlecka, K. Szczepańska","doi":"10.5586/am.5612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am.5612","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The purpose of this study was to assess the contemporary conditions of the lichen biota in the eastern part of the “Paprocie Serpentynitowe w Masywie Ślęży” ecological area in the Sudetes Foothills. The studies were carried out at three localities selected from 10 sites that were designed to protect the\u0000 Asplenium\u0000 fern genus. A total of 47 lichen species were found in the three localities. For each of the recorded species, the state of preservation in the Ślęża Massif area was assessed according to three factors: frequency at all three localities, general viability of the thalli, and stability in occurrence on the habitat. Stability was defined based on contemporary and historical data. From the analysis, most of the species (17) were classified as taxa with “moderate preservation status” in the study area. However, the preservation status of the 18 newly recorded taxa was defined as “insufficient data” due to the lack of previous records. Other species received a “very good preservation status” (three taxa) and “good preservation status” (nine taxa). The analyses allowed us to document the current number of taxa, determine their health condition, and indicate trends in the transformation within the lichen biota of the serpentinite rocks in the study area. Moreover, some actions were proposed to actively protect the valuable lichens in the ecological area of “Paprocie Serpentynitowe w Masywie Ślęży.”","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45361070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professor Andrzej Piotr Grzywacz Dr. h. c. mult.","authors":"A. Szczepkowski","doi":"10.5586/am.5611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5586/am.5611","url":null,"abstract":"Professor Andrzej P. Grzywacz was born on July 10, 1943, in Toruń, where he completed primary and secondary schooling. During the years 1961–1966, he studied at the Faculty of Forestry of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW). His interest in mushrooms was evident since then through his choice of specialization and the title of his master’s thesis Grzyby nadrzewne w Leśnictwach Wiartel i Zielone (Puszcza Piska) [Arboreal fungi in the Wiartel and Zielone forest subdistricts (Puszcza Piska Forest)], which he carried out under the supervision of Prof. Jerzy Ważny. Aerwards, he worked in the State Forests in the Forest Districts Smolniki (now Iława) and Olek (now Toruń). In 1972 he completed his doctoral studies (1969–1972) under the supervision of Prof. Jerzy Ważny at the Faculty of Forestry, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), and he defended his doctoral dissertationWpływ przemysłowych zanieczyszczeń powietrza na niektóre patogeniczne grzyby drzew leśnych [e influence of industrial air pollution on selected pathogenic fungi of forest trees]. In 1979, Andrzej Grzywacz was awarded the degree of doctor habilitatus in forest sciences on the basis of his output and the monograph entitledMechanizm odporności nasion Pinus sylvestris L. na pasożytniczą zgorzel przedwschodową [Mechanism of resistance of Pinus sylvestris L. seeds to parasitic pre-emergence damping-off]. He started his journey as an associate professor in 1988 and was awarded the title of full professor in 1995. In 1998, he was elected as a corresponding member, and in 2007, as a full member of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Professor Grzywacz was conferred the title of doctor honoris causa by the August Cieszkowski University of Agriculture (now Poznań University of Life Sciences) (2008), the University of Agriculture in Kraków (2014), and the Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences (2017). From 1969 until his retirement, Prof. A. Grzywacz worked at the Faculty of Forestry of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences. From 1980 to 2012, he served as the head of the Laboratory and later as the head of the Department of Mycology and Forest Phytopathology of the SGGW, which was established on his initiative. He was vice","PeriodicalId":37880,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mycologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44317366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}