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DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY IN PAKISTAN 巴基斯坦贫困的决定因素
Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research Pub Date : 2018-12-30 DOI: 10.37605/pjhssr.1.2.2
Huma Yousaf, Imran Ali
{"title":"DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY IN PAKISTAN","authors":"Huma Yousaf, Imran Ali","doi":"10.37605/pjhssr.1.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37605/pjhssr.1.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"This research is about the impact of determinants of poverty in Pakistan. In this paper five independent macroeconomics variables that are government expenditure, budget deficit, unemployment rate, exchange rate and inflation rate are studied. In methodology, we have applied the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method. The time series data is used which consist of 19 observation that is 1995 to 2013 which we collect from different sources such as (WDI) and (The Global Economy.Com). Through this model we inquired the effect of Government Expenditure, Budget Deficit, Unemployment Rate, Exchange Rate, and Inflation Rate on poverty in Pakistan. Government expenditure and budget deficit have inverse relationship while unemployment has a direct relationship with poverty in Pakistan. Furthermore in this model we seek the impact of inflation rate and exchange rate which help us show negative relationship with poverty while inflation has also a direct relationship with it. In this thesis all of the five variables have been used with three out of five have negative and the other two have a positive relationship with poverty. Theoretically we have proved the relationship of these macroeconomics variables with the help of reference articles by collecting historical data according to Pakistan perspective on these variables.","PeriodicalId":378534,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126236856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
THE EFFECT OF INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF PAKISTAN 教育投资对巴基斯坦社会经济发展的影响
Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research Pub Date : 2018-12-30 DOI: 10.37605/pjhssr.1.2.6
N. Karim
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF INVESTMENT IN EDUCATION ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF PAKISTAN","authors":"N. Karim","doi":"10.37605/pjhssr.1.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37605/pjhssr.1.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"It is widely accepted that the education sector plays a vital role in the development of the economy and has a positive impact on the economic growth, this study is an attempt to explore the relationships among the investment in the human capital, physical capital and the school enrollment and its impact on the growth of Pakistan’s economy. This study focus on time series analysis, the data has traced from World Development Indicators from 1980 to 2018. The empirical results showed that the investment in physical capital and school enrollment has a positive significant impact on the growth of Pakistan’s economy. Therefore, the government of Pakistan should focus more on investment in education sector and thereby improve social prosperity.","PeriodicalId":378534,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115071204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
THE ROLE OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH OF PAKISTAN: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS FOR THE PERIOD OF 1976 – 2016 外商投资对巴基斯坦经济增长的作用:1976 - 2016年的实证分析
Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research Pub Date : 2018-12-30 DOI: 10.37605/pjhssr.1.2.5
M. Ali
{"title":"THE ROLE OF FOREIGN INVESTMENT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH OF PAKISTAN: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS FOR THE PERIOD OF 1976 – 2016","authors":"M. Ali","doi":"10.37605/pjhssr.1.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37605/pjhssr.1.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"The paper aims to examine empirically the nexus between foreign direct investment, domestic investments and economic growth in Pakistan by using time series data. An OLS technique is used to analyze the relationship between FDI, Public & Private investment, Personal remittances with gross domestic products panning from 1976-2016. For a data to be stationary, ADF test has been used and validated that all variables are stationary at level. Results of the study shows that both public and private sector investment are positively related with GDP but Public sector investment have an insignificant effect on GDP, while FDI found inversely and insignificantly correlated with GDP. Personal remittances (PR) relate negatively and have a significant impact on GD. Private investment are found to be the most significant variable which can effect GDP, showing that private investment can fueled economic growth of Pakistan. Hence, the Government of Pakistan needs to formulate such a policy frame work, which focuses on private sector investment in order to enhance economic growth.","PeriodicalId":378534,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123274598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
WAR AGAINST TERORISM IN SWAT: A COMPARITIVE ANALYSIS OF THE HUMANITARIAN PRINCIPLES OF THE WARING PARTIES 斯瓦特地区的反恐战争:交战各方人道主义原则的比较分析
Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research Pub Date : 2018-12-30 DOI: 10.37605/pjhssr.1.2.4
Mr. Khurshaid
{"title":"WAR AGAINST TERORISM IN SWAT: A COMPARITIVE ANALYSIS OF THE HUMANITARIAN PRINCIPLES OF THE WARING PARTIES","authors":"Mr. Khurshaid","doi":"10.37605/pjhssr.1.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37605/pjhssr.1.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Humanitarianism is war’s philosophy to treat the enemy as a human after becoming dysfunction to fight further. So far, humanitarian law is clear- at least in codes- regarding international and traditional wars. After 9/11 the world experienced a total new war where, at least one party is nonstate actor. How to deal the injured, captured and dead combatants and non-combatants during the war became unclear and debatable. The war was fought in the parts of Pakistan including Swat that witnessed a huge displacement and destruction. People suffered hugely at the hands of the combating parties. It made it debatable to study whether there is a set of humanitarian codes, owned and practiced by military and militants. An intellectual work therefore, is mandatory to know the roots, sources and codes of humanitarian principles of the war on terror and its relevance with\u0000the fighting in Swat.","PeriodicalId":378534,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132267899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
FINANCIAL AUTHORIZATION OF PROVINCES UNDER 18THCONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT IN PAKISTAN: A CASE STUDY OF THE 7TH NFC (NATIONAL FINANCE COMMISSION) AWARD 巴基斯坦第18条宪法修正案下各省的财政授权:以第七届国家财政委员会奖为例
Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research Pub Date : 2018-12-30 DOI: 10.37605/pjhssr.1.2.7
A. Khan
{"title":"FINANCIAL AUTHORIZATION OF PROVINCES UNDER 18TH\u0000CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT IN PAKISTAN: A CASE STUDY OF THE 7TH NFC (NATIONAL FINANCE COMMISSION) AWARD","authors":"A. Khan","doi":"10.37605/pjhssr.1.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37605/pjhssr.1.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Since inception, Pakistan is having a federal democracy. Provinces are\u0000authorized in the important subjects with regard to public services of the\u0000economy including security and law making at Provincial level. The first\u0000part of the paper briefly discusses the 18th amendment which was\u0000incorporated by the National Assembly of Pakistan on 8th April 2010. The\u0000amendment has not only brought major changes in the constitution of 1973\u0000but has redefined the correlation between the two significant tiers of the\u0000governments. Central government was entrusted with the domains such as\u0000defense, currency and foreign affairs etc. while all the residuary powers were\u0000given to the Provinces. The second part of the paper primarily focuses the\u0000empowerment of the provinces in terms of financial matters under 7th NFC\u0000Award. Pakistan has designed an elegant fiscal arrangement under National Finance Commission (NFC) which has chalked out the procedure for\u0000distribution of national revenue between the federal government and the\u0000governments of federating units. Along with the comparison of previous six\u0000NFC awards this paper briefly discusses the need and importance of the 7th\u0000NFC Award. Similarly the challenges faced by the federal and provincial\u0000governments are discussed in detail","PeriodicalId":378534,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125255593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
EXPLORING THE LEADERSHIP TRAITS TO IMPROVE JOB PERFORMANCE OFEMPLOYEES AND ACHIEVE JOB SATISFACTION (CASE STUDY: PRIVATE SCHOOLS IN PESHAWAR) 领导特质对提高员工工作绩效及工作满意度的影响(以白沙瓦私立学校为例)
Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research Pub Date : 2018-12-30 DOI: 10.37605/pjhssr.1.2.3
Prof. Dr. Ghazala Yasmin
{"title":"EXPLORING THE LEADERSHIP TRAITS TO IMPROVE JOB PERFORMANCE OF\u0000EMPLOYEES AND ACHIEVE JOB SATISFACTION (CASE STUDY: PRIVATE SCHOOLS IN PESHAWAR)","authors":"Prof. Dr. Ghazala Yasmin","doi":"10.37605/pjhssr.1.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37605/pjhssr.1.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"This research explores the leadership traits that are important to improve job performance of employees in the private education sector of Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). Numerous aspects of a leader’s traits were investigated including motivational support, acknowledgement, appreciation, guidance and optimistic attitude from employees’ perspective. A self constructed questionnaire was designed and administered on teachers of reputable private schools of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The instrument’s validity and reliability was checked with Cronbach’s Alpha. This research uses Chi Square test in order to analyze the relationship between the multiple variables that are mentioned above and job satisfaction that in turn affects and improves the Employees’ Performance. The obtained results showed that there is a high significance between leadership traits and employees’ job satisfaction. Furthermore, the study recommends adapting an acceptable leadership style with positive traits in order to enhance the employee performance and achieve personnel job satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":378534,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125999195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IMPACT OF LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE ISSUES ON THE SUCCESS OF FEMALE MICRO ENTREPRENEURS IN PESHAWAR, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN 法律和行政问题对巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省白沙瓦女性微型企业家成功的影响
Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.37605/pjhssr.1.1.5
{"title":"IMPACT OF LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE ISSUES ON THE SUCCESS OF FEMALE MICRO ENTREPRENEURS IN PESHAWAR, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN","authors":"","doi":"10.37605/pjhssr.1.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37605/pjhssr.1.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"The women entrepreneurs play a very vital role in the economy of a country. The small enterprises run by women entrepreneurs at micro-level make a great contribution in the market by introducing various innovative ideas, products and services for the people. On the other hand, women face issues in accessing education, training and other services because the free market mechanism does not provide isolated openings for women. Women have to compete for and work in the same existing and regulatory framework as their counterpart does so. The situation compels a deeper understanding of the gender prejudices that has become the confining factors for women in accessing and availing business opportunities and active participation. In Pakistan, society several societal, cultural, traditional and religious elements have made the environment more complicated for women, particularly in the field of business sector. The existing environment is a legacy of patriarchal system that believes in no women participation in the outer world. In other words, women in such societies have no say in decision making and are not allowed to have economic independence.","PeriodicalId":378534,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123013043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
NEXUS BETWEEN HUMAN CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: EVIDENCE FROM GROWTH MODEL IN PAKISTAN 人力资本与经济增长的关系:来自巴基斯坦增长模式的证据
Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.37605/pjhssr.1.1.4
{"title":"NEXUS BETWEEN HUMAN CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: EVIDENCE FROM GROWTH MODEL IN PAKISTAN","authors":"","doi":"10.37605/pjhssr.1.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37605/pjhssr.1.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"In the global economy, every country wants to boost the economic development of the economy in the nation. In this, good governance can play significant role in development of the economy. The present study aims at investigating the impact of human and physical capital on economic growth in Pakistan. Annually time series data is used for analysis during the period of 1980-2016. The data has been taken from the ‘Pakistan Economic Survey’ and ‘A Handbook of Statistics 2015’. The ADF (Augmented Dickey-fuller) test is used for stationary and non-stationary process. For parameters estimation and co-integration, the Engle-Granger approach is used to indicate that there is long-run connection among the study concerned variables. The empirical finding of this study demonstrated that gross fixed capital formation, literacy rate, per-capita health expenditure and secondary school enrolment rate have a significant impact on the economic growth of Pakistan. There is co-integration among variables of the model.","PeriodicalId":378534,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124001290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
THE IMPACT OF REMITTANCES ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF PAKISTAN AND INDIA 汇款对巴基斯坦和印度经济增长的影响
Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.37605/pjhssr.1.1.7
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF REMITTANCES ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF PAKISTAN AND INDIA","authors":"","doi":"10.37605/pjhssr.1.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37605/pjhssr.1.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"The international remittances sent back to the home country by migrant workers have a profound impact on the developing countries of Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East. Official international remittances sent home by migrant workers represent the second most significant source of external funding in the developing countries. Remittances by the international migrants to their countries of origin constitute the largest source of external finance for developing countries after foreign direct investment (FDI) (Adams Jr, 2004). Hence, worker remittances have increased the investment opportunities in the migrant home country. (McCormick & Wahba, 2000), that in turn have promoted growth in less financially developed countries by providing an alternative way to finance investment (Giuliano & Ruiz-Arranz, 2009). This research is carried out to determine the impact of remittances on the economic growth of Pakistan and India since economic growth of these countries impact economic stability as well as political stability in the region.","PeriodicalId":378534,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130281481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
FOREIGN POLICY MECHANISM IN USA: ROLE OF STAKEHOLDERS 美国外交政策机制:利益相关者的作用
Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.37605/pjhssr.1.1.2
{"title":"FOREIGN POLICY MECHANISM IN USA: ROLE OF STAKEHOLDERS","authors":"","doi":"10.37605/pjhssr.1.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37605/pjhssr.1.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Contrary to other liberal democracies in the world, the foreign policy in US is made in a very clumsy way. The constitution of USA has put the president and congress into constant tug of war over the issue of making US’s foreign policy. Constitutionally, the Department of Foreign Affairs, the bureaucracy, the President, the Congress, media and public opinion are given special role to frame the US foreign policy. The Constitution has built a bulwark against the despotic and tyrannical tendencies against any of these stakeholders. Apart from the compulsory role of all the said departments, much space is given to some external factors like UN, International law, NATO and the special interests of other US business and strategic partners to put pressure at numerous dimensions and aspects on US foreign policy mechanism. Consequently, it is difficult to figure out the more efficient stake holders involved in foreign policy formulation process in USA","PeriodicalId":378534,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115837459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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