Therya最新文献

{"title":"Taxonomic reassessment of the Little pocket mouse, Perognathus longimembris (Rodentia, Heteromyidae) of southern California and northern Baja California","authors":"J. Patton, R. Fisher","doi":"10.12933/therya-23-2232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-23-2232","url":null,"abstract":"The Little pocket mouse (Perognathus longimembris) encompasses 15 to 16 currently recognized subspecies, six of which are restricted to southern California and adjacent northern Baja California.  Using cranial geomorphometric shape parameters and dorsal color variables we delineate six regional groups of populations from this area that we recognize as valid, but these differ in name combination and geographic range from the current taxonomy.  We resurrect two names from their current placement in synonymies, synonymize two currently recognized subspecies, and we reassign a third.  Importantly, we restrict the U. S. Federally endangered Pacific pocket mouse (P. l. pacificus Mearns) to the vicinity of its type locality at the mouth of the Tijuana River in the southwestern corner of San Diego County and resurrect P. l. cantwelli von Bloeker for the other two population segments along the coast, those that span the northwestern corner of San Diego County and adjacent Orange County and that in coastal Los Angeles County.  The name cantwelli would now apply to the only extant populations of the Pacific pocket mouse, a reassignment with obvious management implications.  Our taxonomic decisions also reconfigure the ranges of other subspecies of conservation concern, notably P. l. bangsi Mearns and P. l. brevinasus Osgood.","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44185617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pleistocene distribution of MacConnell’s Bat (Phyllostomidae) suggests intermittent connections between Amazonia and Atlantic Forest","authors":"Felipe Pessoa Silva, L. G. da Silva, T. Semedo, T. Santos, G. P. Lopes, M. A. Montes, G. Garbino","doi":"10.12933/therya-23-2219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-23-2219","url":null,"abstract":"The historical biogeography of the major South American forested biomes has long intrigued scientists.  Paleoclimatic events during the last 130 thousand years promoted connections between forested biomes in the Neotropical region, leading to disjunct distributions of some of the biota.  In this context, MacConnell’s Bat, Mesophylla macconnelli, appears to represent a forest-restricted species with its current distribution bisected by dry areas.  In this study, we infer past connections between the Amazonia and Atlantic Forest using MacConnell’s Bat and ecological niche models.  We obtained 681 records of the species, and estimated its potential distribution during the Last Interglacial (LIG), Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), and current periods.  Our generated models, based on 260 filtered occurrence records, had very good predictive power, with AUC and TSS adherence values above 0.9.  Temperature seasonality and annual precipitation had the highest relative contribution.  The potential distribution for the LIG suggested a suitable area connection between the southwestern Atlantic Forest and southern Cerrado and Amazonia.  The potential distribution in the LGM suggests range expansion toward northern and eastern Amazonia.  The current and inferred past distributions of Mesophylla macconnelli suggest at least two periods of past connection between Amazon and Atlantic Forest.  This pattern is found in other forest-associated vertebrates in South America, suggesting that Pleistocene climatic cycles were central to the generation of disjunct distributions in the region.","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47866581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skeletal indicators of locomotor adaptations in shrews","authors":"N. Woodman","doi":"10.12933/therya-23-2218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-23-2218","url":null,"abstract":"The Soricidae (Mammalia: Eulypotyphla) comprises more than 450 species inhabiting a variety of habitats on five continents.  As a family, shrews employ a variety of locomotor modes that incorporate ambulatory, fossorial, aquatic, and scansorial behaviors, illustrating an ability to exploit a variety of natural substrates and their associated resources.  In this study, the association of skeletal morphology and three of the dominant locomotor modes in the family—ambulatory, semi-fossorial, and semi-aquatic behaviors—was investigated in up to 52 species of 12 genera representing all three subfamilies of Soricidae.  From skeletal measures, 34 morphological indices were calculated, most of which have been used previously to characterize substrate use among shrews, rodents, and other mammals, and analyzed for their individual effectiveness for discriminating the three locomotory modes.  To assess their effectiveness in combination, subsets of locomotor indices were analyzed using 1) mean percentile ranks, 2) the first principal component from principal components analysis, and 3) plots and classifications from discriminant function analyses.  In general, the three methods effectively identified and grouped the three locomotor modes and identified smaller subsets.  Additional analyses were then used to classify the locomotor behaviors of five species whose locomotor modes were unknown or ambiguous.  The analyses reinforce and broaden the scope of a previously identified observation of the wide range of grades of morphological variation that may permit an equally diverse range of locomotor abilities among the Soricidae.","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43919458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting species delimitation within Reithrodontomys sumichrasti (Rodentia: Cricetidae) using molecular and ecological evidence","authors":"Elizabeth Arellano, A. L. Almendra, Daily Martínez-Borrego, Francisco X. González-Cózatl, Duke S. Rogers","doi":"10.12933/therya-23-2236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-23-2236","url":null,"abstract":"Reithrodontomys sumichrasti is distributed from central México to Panama.  Previous studies using DNA sequences suggest the existence of distinct clades that may deserve species-level recognition.  Here, we use multiple methods of species delimitation to evaluate if this taxon is a complex of cryptic species.  DNA sequences from the genes Cyt-b, Fgb-I7, and Acp5 were obtained from GenBank to perform molecular analyses.  Species boundaries were tested using the bGMYC, STACEY, and BPP species delimitation methods.  Divergence times were estimated as well as the Cyt-b genetic distances.  We developed Ecological Niche Models and tested hypotheses of niche conservatism.  Finally, we estimated the spatiotemporal history of lineage dispersal.  The bGMYC proposed two species while STACEY and BPP proposed 4 species (genetic distances ranged from 5.43 % to 7.52 %).  The ancestral position of clade I was recovered, with a Pleistocene diversification time within R. sumichrasti at ~2.15 Ma.  For clade pairwise niche comparisons, the niche identity hypothesis was rejected.  The ancestral distribution of R. sumichrasti was centered in Central America and spread to the west crossing the Isthmus of Tehuantepec and extending to the mountain regions of Central México.  Our taxonomic considerations included the recognition of four clades as distinct species within R. sumichrasti.","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46677744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Habitat use, richness, and abundance of native mice in the highlands of the Talamanca mountain range, Costa Rica","authors":"J. Ramírez-Fernández, G. Barrantes, Catalina Sánchez-Quirós, B. Rodríguez‐Herrera","doi":"10.12933/therya-23-2227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-23-2227","url":null,"abstract":"The Costa Rican highlands are considered hotspots of diversity and endemism, but studies on rodents are scarce.  We compared the richness and abundance of mice between the montane forest and the paramo at the summit of the Talamanca mountain range.  We selected two study sites within the Talamanca mountain range: the Cerro de la Muerte Biological Station and the paramo.  The former is a montane forest dominated by oaks, and the latter is dominated by an herbaceous layer, and some scattered bushy patches.  We captured mice in two different microhabitats within each montane forest and paramo, so we had four different sampling microhabitats: (1) paramo–bush, (2) paramo–Chusquea, (3) montane forest–bush, and (4) montane forest–Chusquea.  Mice were marked to identify recaptures.  We captured four mouse species and their abundance varied largely between habitats and among microhabitats (Table 1).  The most abundant species, representing 85 % of all mouse captures, was Peromyscus nudipes.  Mice were more abundant in the montane forest than in the paramo.  Within the montane forest, mice were more abundant in the microhabitat containing bushes.  The montane forest has a more complex vegetation structure with more diversity of food resources and shelters than the paramo.  As well as at the habitat level, we argue that differences in abundance among microhabitats are directly related with the structure of vegetation.  A more complex habitat structure may provide rodents with better conditions.","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41457963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological niche differentiation among Aztec fruit-eating bat subspecies (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in Mesoamerica","authors":"Iván Hernández-Chávez, L. Guevara, J. Arroyo‐Cabrales, L. León‐Paniagua","doi":"10.12933/therya-23-2214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-23-2214","url":null,"abstract":"Artibeus aztecus is a Mesoamerican montane bat with three currently recognized, allopatric subspecies.  No study has evaluated the phylogenetic status of the subspecies.  However, through an analysis of its ecological niche and its geographic distribution, here we analyze whether there is differentiation of the climatic requirements for each subspecies, assessing whether niche evolution is a potential factor in subspecies differentiation.  We assayed ecological niche models for each subspecies, analyzed the response curves for the most important climatic variables of each model, and generated the potential distribution model for each subspecies.  We assayed a background similarity test between the subspecies to determine how similar their niches were.  We found differences in climatic requirements for the three allopatric subspecies and the most important variables and their response curves.  Potential distribution models concur with Mesoamerican highlands and highlight the lowlands of the isthmus of Tehuantepec and the Nicaraguan depression as possible geographic barriers.  Differences found between ecological niches for each subspecies contrast with previous findings for the species and other phyllostomid bats.  Niche conservatism may have caused geographic isolation in the past, and differences in environmental requirements may have appeared later.  Molecular and morphological analyses are necessary to clarify the taxonomic status of these populations and the evolutionary processes involved in their diversification.","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49639628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coming home: modelling the mating roost of the endangered bat Leptonycteris nivalis","authors":"Leonora Torres Knoop, Enrique Martínez Meyer, R. Medellín","doi":"10.12933/therya-23-2231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-23-2231","url":null,"abstract":"The Mexican Long-nosed bat (Leptonycteris nivalis) is the largest nectarivorous species in the New World, and one of three migratory nectarivores in Mexico. It is considered an ‘Endangered Species’ under the U.S. Endangered Species Act and ‘Threatened’ by the Mexican Federal List of Endangered Species.  In 1994, a Recovery Plan was developed by the USFWS with the participation of Mexican and American researchers, and the most urgent actions to ensure the species protection were identified.  Locating and protecting roosts are among the most urgent tasks recognized.  With this study, we aimed to identify the most suitable areas potentially holding additional mating roosts of Leptonycteris nivalis, and we conducted surveys of these areas to confirm its presence, and to assess the reproductive state of individuals.  We used Maxent, the Genetic Algorithm for Rule-set Production (GARP), and Bioclim algorithms to generate an agreement map of the potential distribution of additional mating roosts, and we implemented a Euclidian multidimensional distances analysis to identify ecologically similar regions to “La Cueva del Diablo”, the only mating roost known for the species.  We identified suitable areas in the states of Morelos, Puebla and the State of Mexico. We visited seventeen caves distributed in ten different localities in these areas.  For two consecutive years, we found the species in a cave called: “La Cueva de los Coyotes”, located in the State of Mexico, where we captured eighteen individuals, including a pregnant female.  The location of an unknown roost so far, occupied by individuals of L. nivalis, and among them a pregnant female, allows us to reflect about the reproductive dynamics of the species.  In that sense, reproductive populations may be splitting into smaller colonies to mate, other than “La Cueva del Diablo”, or pregnant females might me moving to additional and nearby roosts to spend the rest of the winter season. Using these tools and further refinements we may be able to locate additional mating roosts, thus, providing more possibilities for the application of conservation measures for the protection of the species.","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42037493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An 1896 specimen helps clarify the phylogenetic placement of the Mexican endemic Hooper’s deer mouse","authors":"Susette Castañeda-Rico, C. Edwards, Melissa T. R. Hawkins, J. Maldonado","doi":"10.12933/therya-23-2243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-23-2243","url":null,"abstract":"Hooper’s deer mouse, Peromyscus hooperi, is the sole member of the Peromyscus hooperi species group.  This species is endemic to México where it is restricted to the grassland transition zone in the states of Coahuila, Zacatecas, and San Luis Potosí.  Previous studies using mitochondrial and nuclear genes (Cytb, Adh1-I2, Fgb-I7 and Rbp3) did not resolve the phylogenetic relationships of this relatively poorly known species.  It was hypothesized that P. hooperi is sister to P. crinitus, and these two taxa are related to P. melanotis, P. polionotus, P. maniculatus, P. keeni, P. leucopus, P. gossypinus, P. eremicus, P. californicus, and Osgoodomys banderanus.  Based on morphological characters, karyotypes, and allozymes, P. hooperi does not align with either subgenera Haplomylomys or Peromyscus.  However, its unique characteristics (e. g., phallus, karyotype) have been recognized, and therefore it has been retained as its own species group.  To better resolve the phylogenetic placement of P. hooperi, we performed target-enrichment and high-throughput sequencing and obtained several thousand nuclear ultraconserved elements and a complete mitogenome from a specimen collected in 1896 by Nelson and Goldman in Coahuila, México.  We compared these data with 21 other species of neotomines using genome-wide data.  Contrary to previous studies, we found high nodal support for the placement of P. hooperi as sister to a clade that includes Podomys floridanus, Neotomodon alstoni, Habromys simulatus, H. ixtlani, Peromyscus mexicanus, P. megalops, P. melanophrys, P. perfulvus, P. aztecus, P. attwateri, P. pectoralis, and P. boylii.  We dated a Pliocene divergence of P. hooperi from its sister group at approximately 3.98 mya, and after the split of P. crinitus at ca. 4.31 mya from other peromyscines.  We demonstrated that genome-wide data improve the phylogenetic signal, independently of taxon sampling, for a phylogenetically problematic species such as P. hooperi.  We recommend that future genomic studies expand taxon sampling, including members of the subgenus Haplomylomys, to confirm the phylogenetic relationships of P. hooperi and the genetic status of its populations.","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42881589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human footprint effects on the distribution of the spotted lowland paca (Cuniculus paca)","authors":"Monserrat Sánchez-Reyes, X. Chiappa-Carrara, E. Vázquez‐Domínguez, Carlos Yáñez-Arenas, M. Falconi, L. Osorio-Olvera, Rusby G. Contreras-Díaz","doi":"10.12933/therya-23-2237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-23-2237","url":null,"abstract":"Human activity has caused the decrease of about 20 % of the planet's vertebrate diversity and 25 % in their abundance.  Many large and medium-sized herbivore mammals have gone extinct locally, unleashing a cascade of ecosystem changes.  The spotted paca (Cuniculus paca) is impacted by hunting and anthropogenic habitat fragmentation and loss.  To protect spotted pacas, it is essential to estimate anthropogenic effects on their geographic distribution.  Through the use of primary biodiversity data, bioclimatic data, land-cover data, and a human footprint index, we modeled the distribution of C. paca.  From 105 candidate models, only one model met our selection criteria.  The variables with the highest contribution were the human footprint and annual precipitation.  According to the model's performance curves, the spotted paca has low to medium tolerance of anthropogenic pressure.  Cuniculus paca tolerates low to medium anthropogenic disturbance, which we hypothesize is related to reduced predator pressure in habitats modified by humans.  Accounting for the costs and benefits of anthropogenic disturbance is essential to paca conservation.","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48680077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in population density of the Andean night monkey (Aotus lemurinus) in areas with different landscape characteristics","authors":"Laura Chica Flórez, Néstor Roncancio Duque, S. Solari","doi":"10.12933/therya-22-2126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-22-2126","url":null,"abstract":"In the Colombian Andes, most of the populations of Andean night monkeys (Aotus lemurinus) are found in fragmented landscapes due to the predominant changes in land use in the region.  Thus, forest fragments differ in shape, size, degree of isolation, and availability of resources.  These factors have had a differential effect on the ecology and permanence of their populations.  In order to determine the effect of fragmentation on A. lemurinus, we estimated its population density in a protected area of 489 ha of sub-Andean forest - at Otún Quimbaya Wildlife Sanctuary- which is structurally connected with other protected areas; then, we compared it with another study carried out in the unprotected Sub-andean forest fragments (900 ha) of Dapa, at the Valle del Cauca department.  To estimate its density, the distance sampling method was used with 31 linear transects, and the data were analyzed with the software Distance.  Landscape metrics was estimate with patch analyses tools with a Corine Land Cover information 1:100,000 scale.  The plant structure and diversity were measurement with transects to 50 x 4 m and taking account the trees with diameter at breast height over 10 cm.  We use average comparison to evaluate the similarities between patrons of the population density and explanatory variables.  A population density of 39 ind/km2 was found in our study, which is lower than the 113 ind/km2 found in the Dapa.  This relation was similar to relations of mean shape index, mean patch size and mean diameter at breast height, and inverse with the relations of proportion of the forest in the area, weighted cover index, plant diversity and density of trees.  It is likely that the protected area, by being connected and having a greater diversity of primates and trees, allows this population not to suffer from a crowding phenomenon, and that the population does not increase it carrying capacity due to the low presence of competing species, conversely to what could be occurring in the unprotected fragments.  Conversely, high density in Dapa could be reflect a system depletion in diversity and ecological processes.","PeriodicalId":37851,"journal":{"name":"Therya","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44535239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}