Herald of Pancreatic Club最新文献_第6页

Antibiotics as modulators of the intestinal microbiota: between good and evil 抗生素作为肠道菌群的调节剂:介于善与恶之间

Herald of Pancreatic Club Pub Date : 2019-02-19 DOI: 10.33149/VKP.2019.01.09

E. Plotnikova, Y. Zakharova

{"title":"Antibiotics as modulators of the intestinal microbiota: between good and evil","authors":"E. Plotnikova, Y. Zakharova","doi":"10.33149/VKP.2019.01.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33149/VKP.2019.01.09","url":null,"abstract":"In some countries of the world, the prevalence of obesity is increasing at the rate of an epidemic. A significant role in the staying healthy, strengthening immunity and normalizing metabolism is assigned to microbes. Among the drugs that are used to treat serious infectious diseases, antibiotics dominate as the drugs that keep on saving precious human lives. The side effects of antibiotic therapy on the intestinal microflora range from self-leveling and fast-passing “functional” diarrhea to life-threatening pseudomembranous colitis. Recently conducted epidemiological studies have shown that antibiotics are associated with a high risk of weight gain and the development of obesity. Violation of the intestinal microflora is caused not only by antibiotic therapy, but also by the intake of a number of products. Antibacterial drugs are widely used in agriculture as growth promoters, they are stored in the meat of animals and poultry that we eat. Obesity has been proven to be associated with a dysbiotic shift in the fecal microbiota and a low content of bifidobacteria. The hypothesis according to which the intestinal microbiota is a potentially variable target for the prevention and/or treatment of obesity is described in detail. Probiotics are agents capable of modulating and improving the intestinal microflora during antibiotic therapy. The review presents data demonstrating the ability of probiotics not only to prevent the development of dysbiosis that occurs when using antibiotics, but also to impede the emergence of overweight and obesity.","PeriodicalId":378182,"journal":{"name":"Herald of Pancreatic Club","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121756160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Substantiation of using the ursodeoxycholic acid in the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis 熊去氧胆酸治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的证实

Herald of Pancreatic Club Pub Date : 2019-02-19 DOI: 10.33149/VKP.2019.01.11

N. Gubergrits, N. Byelyayeva, G. Lukashevich, P. Fomenko, A. Yuryeva

引用次数: 0

Elimination of pain syndrome in patients with advanced pancreatic head cancer 晚期胰头癌患者疼痛综合征的消除

Herald of Pancreatic Club Pub Date : 2019-02-19 DOI: 10.33149/VKP.2019.01.07

T. G. Gevorkyan, I. Feinstein

{"title":"Elimination of pain syndrome in patients with advanced pancreatic head cancer","authors":"T. G. Gevorkyan, I. Feinstein","doi":"10.33149/VKP.2019.01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33149/VKP.2019.01.07","url":null,"abstract":"Pain syndrome, along with mechanical jaundice, is one of the most evident clinical manifestations of pancreatic cancer and is often a sign of tumor neglecting. Existing treatment options for chronic pain in cancer patients are diverse and include the various ways of impact on the different links of pathological pain: medicinal, endoscopic, surgical. With this pathology, drug therapy using analgesics, weak and strong opioids, is usually not effective enough. In such cases, preference is given to chemical neurolysis — denervation of the autonomic structures of the retroperitoneal space, carried out under the guidance of ultrasound or computed tomography. Conducting percutaneous neurolysis of the celiac plexus with the use of alcohol or phenol is prescribed upon insufficient effectiveness of pharmacotherapy. Surgical methods of anesthesia are used extremely rarely, as they considerably worsen the patient’s condition, without significantly affecting the quality of life or the prognosis. Thoracoscopic splanchnicectomy is considered a modern and effective method of endoscopic treatment of pain in unresectable pancreatic cancer, the conduction of which can significantly decrease the intensity of pain, reduce the number of narcotic analgesics and improve the quality of life of cancer patients. This minimally invasive intervention is the basis for the subsequent lifelong systemic drug therapy.","PeriodicalId":378182,"journal":{"name":"Herald of Pancreatic Club","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123239715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Modern concepts of sphincter of Oddi pancreatic dysfunction Oddi括约肌功能障碍的现代概念

Herald of Pancreatic Club Pub Date : 2019-02-19 DOI: 10.33149/VKP.2019.01.04

N. Gubergrits, N. Byelyayeva, A. Klochkov, G. Lukashevich, V. Rakhmetova, P. Fomenko, A. Yurjeva, L. Yaroshenko

{"title":"Modern concepts of sphincter of Oddi pancreatic dysfunction","authors":"N. Gubergrits, N. Byelyayeva, A. Klochkov, G. Lukashevich, V. Rakhmetova, P. Fomenko, A. Yurjeva, L. Yaroshenko","doi":"10.33149/VKP.2019.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33149/VKP.2019.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"History of study of the sphincter of Oddi (SO) is presented in a detail in the article, attention is paid to the anatomical and functional relationships of SO with the gallbladder, duodenum and pancreas. The role of SO dysfunction in the pathogenesis of pancreatitis and biliary dysfunction is described in detail, previous and modern ideas about SO pancreatic disfunction are considered. The historical features of the introduction of the term “dyspancreatism” are given, the clinical peculiarities and periods of its occurrence are listed, the pathogenetic relationship of dyspancreatism with other functional disorders, including functional dyspepsia, is described. Provisions of the IV Roman consensus are considered, confirming the relationship of pancreatic dysfunction with the occurrence of pancreatic pain and pancreatitis itself. The criteria for the diagnostics of pancreatic type SO dysfunction, formulated in the modern Rome recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of functional gastroenterological disorders, are presented. Standard and alternative diagnostic tests are listed, which conduction will confirm the SO dysfunction. Modern approaches to the treatment of SO dysfunction are analyzed, focusing on the use of invasive treatment methods, the advantages and disadvantages of biliary and pancreatic sphincterotomy are revealed, the inexpediency of performing the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients with single episode of idiopathic acute pancreatitis is proved. The need for a balanced and cautious approach to the use of invasive methods for the treatment of SO dysfunction is emphasized; prospects for further study of the pathology of this sphincter are described.","PeriodicalId":378182,"journal":{"name":"Herald of Pancreatic Club","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129976335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Halitosis syndrome in clinical practice 口臭综合征在临床中的应用

Herald of Pancreatic Club Pub Date : 2019-02-19 DOI: 10.33149/vkp.2019.01.10

N. Gubergrits, N. Byelyayeva, A. Y. Klochov, G. Lukashevich, V. Rakhmetova, A. Yuryeva, L. Yaroshenko

{"title":"Halitosis syndrome in clinical practice","authors":"N. Gubergrits, N. Byelyayeva, A. Y. Klochov, G. Lukashevich, V. Rakhmetova, A. Yuryeva, L. Yaroshenko","doi":"10.33149/vkp.2019.01.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33149/vkp.2019.01.10","url":null,"abstract":"Definition of the medical term “halitosis” is presented in the article, historical aspects of its appearance are reviewed, probable prevalence of halitosis in the general population is indicated. Classification of halitosis with the allocation of its subtypes depending on the conditions of occurrence is given, the reasons for the development of true and false, physiological and pathological halitosis are analyzed. Various nosological items and pathological conditions are listed, the course of which may be accompanied by the appearance of bad breath. The influence of the emotional background on the occurrence of halitosis is described. The main substances, which metabolism is accompanied by the appearance of stomatodisodia, are named, the nature of unpleasant odors associated with the most common somatic diseases is indicated. The role of Helicobacter pylori, bacterial overgrowth and obesity syndrome in the development of halitosis is considered. The importance of a detailed collection of anamnesis and a thorough objective examination, as well as the exclusion of dental and otorhinolaryngological pathology in the implementation of a diagnostic search, were emphasized. The tactics of the doctor’s actions while treating patients with halitosis is outlined, the features of the intra-syndromic and nosological diagnostics are considered, the methods for performing the olfactory test, taking scrapings from the tonsils and the back of the tongue are described. The main directions of non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatment of halitosis are listed, hygiene of oral cavity and dentures, modification of the usual diet are emphasized, the appropriateness of timely application of combined antiseptic solutions and the possibility of systemic antibacterial therapy are stressed.","PeriodicalId":378182,"journal":{"name":"Herald of Pancreatic Club","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123628073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Etiological significance of the hepatitis C virus among other infectious factors of chronic pancreatitis 丙型肝炎病毒在慢性胰腺炎其他感染因素中的病因学意义

Herald of Pancreatic Club Pub Date : 2019-02-19 DOI: 10.33149/vkp.2019.01.06

O. R. Shayhen, L. Babinets

{"title":"Etiological significance of the hepatitis C virus among other infectious factors of chronic pancreatitis","authors":"O. R. Shayhen, L. Babinets","doi":"10.33149/vkp.2019.01.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33149/vkp.2019.01.06","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a review of modern literature data on the role of various etiological factors in the development of chronic recurrent pancreatitis. Much attention is paid to infectious agents (viruses of epidemic parotiditis, hepatitis B and C, enteroviruses, adenoviruses, mycoplasmas, salmonellae) in the formation of the inflammatory process in the pancreatic tissue. The features of the pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis associated with viral infection B and C are considered; it has been shown that the lesion of the pancreas is caused by the replication of viruses directly in the cells of this organ, immunopathological changes in the liver, and concomitant immunological disorders. The probability of developing diabetes mellitus, as one of the clinical manifestations of viral replication in pancreatic endocrine cells, is underlined. The clinical manifestations of exocrine and endocrine insufficiency of the pancreas during infection with various viruses, including Coxsackie B and enteroviruses, are described in detail; the features of the course of diabetes caused by infection of these pathogens are listed. The peculiarities of chronic pancreatitis in HIV-infected and AIDS patients, in patients with parasitic pathology (opisthorchiasis, clonorchosis, ascariasis, giardiasis) are considered; the role of helicobacteria in the development of a chronic inflammatory process in pancreatic tissue is characterized. It has been suggested that a given organ may be simultaneously affected by several infectious factors; the importance of identifying pathogens of infectious diseases for the timely formulation of the correct diagnosis and the selection of adequate therapy is emphasized.","PeriodicalId":378182,"journal":{"name":"Herald of Pancreatic Club","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114061573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0