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Three's a crowd? Examining evolving public transit crowding standards amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. 三人成群？研究在 COVID-19 大流行中不断演变的公共交通拥挤标准。
IF 2.6
Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.1007/s12469-022-00311-6
Tianxing Dai, Brian D Taylor
{"title":"Three's a crowd? Examining evolving public transit crowding standards amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Tianxing Dai, Brian D Taylor","doi":"10.1007/s12469-022-00311-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12469-022-00311-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically affected public transit systems around the globe. Because transit systems typically move many people closely together on buses and trains, public health guidance demanded that riders should keep a distance of about two meters to others changed the definition of \"crowding\" on transit in 2020. Accordingly, this research examines how U.S. public transit agencies responded to public health guidance that directly conflicted with their business model. To do this, we examined published crowding standards before the COVID-19 pandemic for a representative sample of 200 transit systems, including whether they started or changed their published standards during the pandemic, as well as the reasons whether agencies publicize such standards at all. We present both descriptive statistics and regression model results to shed light on the factors associated with agency crowding standards. We find that 56% of the agencies surveyed published crowding standards before the pandemic, while only 46% published COVID-19-specific crowding standards. Regression analyses suggest that larger agencies were more likely to publish crowding standards before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, likely because they are more apt to experience crowding. Pandemic-specific crowding standards, by contrast, were associated with a more complex set of factors. We conclude that the relative lack of pandemic standards reflects the uncertainty and fluidity of the public health crisis, inconsistent and at times conflicting with the guidance from public health officials, and, in the U.S., a lack national or transit industry consensus on appropriate crowding standards during the first year of the pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"321-341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9762872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75276054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Novel High Voltage Gain Buck-Boost Converter with Dual Mode Boost 一种新型双模升压高增益降压-升压变换器
Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2022-03-19 DOI: 10.52547/mjee.16.1.49
Mustafa Okati, M. Eslami, Mahdi Jafari Shahbazadeh
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引用次数: 0
A CMOS Low-Power Noise Shaping-Enhanced SMASH ΣΔ Modulator 一种CMOS低功耗噪声整形增强SMASH ΣΔ调制器
Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2022-03-19 DOI: 10.52547/mjee.16.1.95
Habibeh Fakhraie, T. Moosazadeh, Reza Sabbaghy, A. Hassanzadeh
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引用次数: 0
Coupling Reduction of Two Adjacent Quad-Ridge Horn Antennas at 20-40 GHz Frequency Range by Using of Wideband Electromagnetic Band Gap Structure 利用宽带电磁带隙结构降低20- 40ghz频段相邻四脊喇叭天线的耦合
Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2022-03-19 DOI: 10.52547/mjee.16.1.1
F. Mohajeri, Arman Bordbar, Anis Moradi Kouchi
{"title":"Coupling Reduction of Two Adjacent Quad-Ridge Horn Antennas at 20-40 GHz Frequency Range by Using of Wideband Electromagnetic Band Gap Structure","authors":"F. Mohajeri, Arman Bordbar, Anis Moradi Kouchi","doi":"10.52547/mjee.16.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/mjee.16.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47173526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Application of De-noising in Identification of the Order of Viscoelasticity as a Function of Material State 消噪在材料状态粘弹性阶数识别中的应用
Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2022-03-19 DOI: 10.52547/mjee.16.1.85
S. Mirtavoosi, S. Tabatabaei
{"title":"Application of De-noising in Identification of the Order of Viscoelasticity as a Function of Material State","authors":"S. Mirtavoosi, S. Tabatabaei","doi":"10.52547/mjee.16.1.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/mjee.16.1.85","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46451192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stimulation of Waves and Instabilities in Response to Irradiation of Electromagnetic Fields into Plasmas 波的激励与等离子体中电磁场辐射的不稳定性
Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2022-03-19 DOI: 10.52547/mjee.16.1.75
Niharika Verma, Soumyadeep C. Sarkar, Pawan K. Tiwari, K. Parmar
{"title":"Stimulation of Waves and Instabilities in Response to Irradiation of Electromagnetic Fields into Plasmas","authors":"Niharika Verma, Soumyadeep C. Sarkar, Pawan K. Tiwari, K. Parmar","doi":"10.52547/mjee.16.1.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/mjee.16.1.75","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45875034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Estimating Parallel Transmission Line Fault Using Phasor Measurement Unit based Artificial Neural Network 基于相量测量单元的人工神经网络估计并联输电线路故障
Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2022-03-19 DOI: 10.52547/mjee.16.1.33
S. Chauhan, R. Dahiya
{"title":"Estimating Parallel Transmission Line Fault Using Phasor Measurement Unit based Artificial Neural Network","authors":"S. Chauhan, R. Dahiya","doi":"10.52547/mjee.16.1.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/mjee.16.1.33","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45394367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A New Low Power, Area Efficient 4-bit Carry Look Ahead Adder in CNFET Technology CNFET技术中一种新型低功耗、面积高效的4位进位超前加法器
Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2022-03-19 DOI: 10.52547/mjee.16.1.65
A. Ghorbani, M. Dolatshahi, S. M. Zanjani, Behrang Barekatain
{"title":"A New Low Power, Area Efficient 4-bit Carry Look Ahead Adder in CNFET Technology","authors":"A. Ghorbani, M. Dolatshahi, S. M. Zanjani, Behrang Barekatain","doi":"10.52547/mjee.16.1.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/mjee.16.1.65","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45378538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A Review on Charging Infrastructure for Electric Transit Buses 电动公交客车充电基础设施综述
Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2022-03-19 DOI: 10.52547/mjee.16.1.19
M. Naik
{"title":"A Review on Charging Infrastructure for Electric Transit Buses","authors":"M. Naik","doi":"10.52547/mjee.16.1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/mjee.16.1.19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47293216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Circuit Models to Study the Radiated and Conducted Susceptibilities of Multiconductor Shielded Cables Connected to Non-linear Load 研究非线性负载下多导体屏蔽电缆的辐射和传导敏感性的电路模型
Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering Pub Date : 2022-03-19 DOI: 10.52547/mjee.16.1.9
Mohamed Saih, Z. Bouzidi, Youssef Rhazi
{"title":"Circuit Models to Study the Radiated and Conducted Susceptibilities of Multiconductor Shielded Cables Connected to Non-linear Load","authors":"Mohamed Saih, Z. Bouzidi, Youssef Rhazi","doi":"10.52547/mjee.16.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/mjee.16.1.9","url":null,"abstract":": This paper presents an efficient Multiconductor Shielded Cable model, for conducted and radiated coupling, developed for circuit applications. In the case of radiated coupling, the interaction of the external incident field is modeled by equivalent voltage and current generators placed on shield only. The model works in frequency and time domain with linear and non-linear loads, respectively. Different applications are presented, for validation and physical interpretation. Finally, we will discuss the effect of the connection of the voltage limiter on the induced voltages.","PeriodicalId":37804,"journal":{"name":"Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42051722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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