Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin最新文献_第8页

Pruning and fertilization effects on Jatropha yields under smallholder’s conditions in a Tropical Dry Forest from Ecuador 厄瓜多尔热带干旱林小农条件下修剪和施肥对麻疯树产量的影响

Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v73n1.79059

Álvaro Cañadas-López, Diana Rade-Loor, M. Siegmund-Schultze, J. Vargas-Hernández, C. Wehenkel

{"title":"Pruning and fertilization effects on Jatropha yields under smallholder’s conditions in a Tropical Dry Forest from Ecuador","authors":"Álvaro Cañadas-López, Diana Rade-Loor, M. Siegmund-Schultze, J. Vargas-Hernández, C. Wehenkel","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v73n1.79059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v73n1.79059","url":null,"abstract":"Jatropha seed is a biomass suitable for bioenergy production that can be produced by smallholders, even on marginal lands. However, the current oilseed production is too low to meet the needs of the planned renewable electricity system in the Galapagos Islands. Pruning and fertilization are management options that can be used to increase the dry seed yields. The effects of both treatments were tested in a split-plot design with jatropha trees, which were monitored during a three-year production period. The average seed production was 643±58 kg ha-1 year-1 in the unpruned trees and 696±50 kg ha-1 year-1 in the pruned trees. Although this difference is small, it is expected to increase over time. The pruned trees developed more slowly than the unpruned trees but showed higher (and still increasing) yields at the end of the three-year test period, while the unpruned trees appeared to have reached their maximum production by the second year of the trial. The low fertilizer doses approved by the smallholders did not have a significant impact on the dry seed yield, and the management options that show benefits in the long term are generally not accepted or adopted by them. Cost-effective nutrient enhancement should be investigated, such as inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90998735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Agronomic and physiological evaluation of eight cassava clones under water deficit conditions. 缺水条件下8个木薯无性系的农艺生理评价。

Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v73n1.75402

Rommel Igor León Pacheco, Mercedes Pérez Macias, Francia Concepción Fuenmayor Campos, Adrián José Rodríguez Izquierdo, Gustavo Adolfo Rodríguez Izquierdo

{"title":"Agronomic and physiological evaluation of eight cassava clones under water deficit conditions.","authors":"Rommel Igor León Pacheco, Mercedes Pérez Macias, Francia Concepción Fuenmayor Campos, Adrián José Rodríguez Izquierdo, Gustavo Adolfo Rodríguez Izquierdo","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v73n1.75402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v73n1.75402","url":null,"abstract":"Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important crop in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean. This species grows adequately in drought conditions and is ideal to ensure food safety in marginal environments, such as soils with low fertility and low rainfall conditions. Complementary irrigation practices can be used, or genotypes with good yield potential can be identified against these conditions to enhance productivity in those environments. For this reason, this research aimed to study several physiological mechanisms and agronomical characteristics in eight cassava clones under prolonged water deficit. The experimental design was a split-plot where the principal plot was composed of three irrigation treatments (7, 15, and 21 days without irrigation, DWI) and the secondary plot by the eight clones. The results showed that cassava plants against drought conditions (21 DWI) decreased their growth, foliar expansion, and partially closed the stomata, avoiding water losses through transpiration. The variables of the net assimilation rate of CO2, yield, and biomass accumulation were not affected by the maximum drought period. The best clones under drought were Guajira, Guajira 3, Guajira 4, Concha Rosada, and MeVen 77-1. The frequency of irrigation 15 DWI increased the variables of gas exchange and vegetative growth. This behavior is due to the ability to tolerate complex conditions through morphological and physiological mechanisms, among them, long life leaf, stomatal control, and high photosynthetic potential.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76370998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Effect of altitude and defoliation frequency in the quality and growth of Kikuyu grass (Cenchrus clandestinus) 海拔和落叶频率对基库尤草品质和生长的影响

Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v73n1.77330

Miguel Alejandro Escobar Charry, Edgar Alberto Cardenas Rocha, Juan Evangelista Carulla Fornaguera

{"title":"Effect of altitude and defoliation frequency in the quality and growth of Kikuyu grass (Cenchrus clandestinus)","authors":"Miguel Alejandro Escobar Charry, Edgar Alberto Cardenas Rocha, Juan Evangelista Carulla Fornaguera","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v73n1.77330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v73n1.77330","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed at determining the nutritional efficiency of Kikuyu grass, when it is cultivated at different altitudes and defoliated with a different number of leaves per tiller. Four farms, with Kikuyu crops (Cenchrus clandestinus), were selected, two in an average altitude of 2,552 m.a.s.l. and two in average altitude of 2,914 m.a.s.l. In each farm, there were established eight plots of 4 m2 each (four treatments, two replicates). For 10 months, the pastures were defoliated when they presented 4, 5, 6, and 7 leaves per tiller (treatments) at 5 cm above ground when 90% of the tillers reached the number of leaves corresponding to each treatment. Data were analyzed as serial experiments using a completely randomized block (farms) design with an analysis of variance. The leaf appearance interval was higher for the highest altitude (8 vs. 10 days) but vary among treatments at a lower altitude (P<0.05). Pastures at higher altitudes were shorter (8.9 vs. 13.5 cm), but its height varied among treatments depending on the altitude (P<0.001). The quality of the pastures was similar, except for the ones with seven leaves per tiller at 2,552 m.a.s.l. that had less protein and in vitro dry matter digestibility (P<0.01). The nutrient yield was higher for the pastures cultivated at 2,552 m.a.s.l. (P<0.001), and, at this altitude, pastures defoliated with five leaves had the largest nutrient yield. The Kikuyu cultivated at higher altitudes grows slowly and yield fewer nutrients independently of the number of leaves per tiller.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"38 7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73619736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Rubus glaucus Benth.: morphology and floral biology aimed at plant breeding processes 青花楸底。:以植物育种过程为目的的形态学和花生物学

Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v72n1.75910

Ana María López Gutiérrez, Marta Leonor Marulanda Angel, Lina María Gómez López, Carlos Felipe Barrera Sánchez

{"title":"Rubus glaucus Benth.: morphology and floral biology aimed at plant breeding processes","authors":"Ana María López Gutiérrez, Marta Leonor Marulanda Angel, Lina María Gómez López, Carlos Felipe Barrera Sánchez","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v72n1.75910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v72n1.75910","url":null,"abstract":"Rubus glaucus is widely distributed throughout the three mountain ranges of Colombia, where the blackberry growers have highlighted the need to standardize the supply of planting material, starting with plant breeding schemes that lead to more productive varieties with morphological characteristics that ease agricultural activities. Plant breeding activities have improved by considering the pollination mechanisms of plants. The implementation of controlled sexual hybridization depends on these pollination mechanisms, and several plant breeding methods have been adapted to crop pollination patterns. Morphological characteristics and studies on the floral biology of R. glaucus Benth were conducted to improve plant breeding processes. In addition, a study on pollen viability and stigma receptivity were performed. The reported morphological characteristics of R. glaucus enabled characterization of its flowers as complete and perfect with a regular, actinomorphic, perianth heterochlamydeous, dialipetalous, and dialisepalous structure. Meanwhile, the evaluation of different collection times for pollen viability revealed significant differences. The highest pollen viability occurred at 10:00 am, followed by 9:00 am. Qualitative evaluation of stigma receptivity led to the conclusion that the highest stigma receptivity is at anthesis at 12:00 m.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85206545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

In vitro study on the nematicidal effect of different plant extracts on Pratylenchus penetrans and Meloidogyne chitwoodi 不同植物提取物对粗齿叶蝉和chitwoodi的体外杀线虫作用研究

Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v72n3.76070

Aníbal Franco Cóndor Golec

引用次数: 2

Combining ability as a function of inbreeding for fruit traits in Cucurbita moschata Duch. ex Poir. 甜瓜果实性状近交配合力的研究。Poir交货。

Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v72n3.77320

Javier Alonso Restrepo-Salazar, Franco Alirio Vallejo-Cabrera, Edwin Fernando Restrepo-Salazar

{"title":"Combining ability as a function of inbreeding for fruit traits in Cucurbita moschata Duch. ex Poir.","authors":"Javier Alonso Restrepo-Salazar, Franco Alirio Vallejo-Cabrera, Edwin Fernando Restrepo-Salazar","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v72n3.77320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v72n3.77320","url":null,"abstract":"Three diallel crosses of butternut squash (Cucurbita moschata), each consisting of six parents with S0, S1, and S2 levels of inbreeding, were evaluated to estimate the effect of inbreeding on both general (GCA) and specific combining abilities (SCA) for the following traits: fruit pulp thickness, number of seeds per fruit, fruit pulp color, dry matter, 100-seed weight, diameter of placental cavity, polar diameter of fruits, and equatorial diameter of fruits. A randomized complete block experimental design was used with four replicates, arranged in split plots, with the main plot corresponding to the diallel cross (level of inbreeding) and the subplot for the evaluated genotypes (six parents and 15 F1 hybrids, in each of the diallel crosses). Additive effects (GCA) were responsible for the genetic control of most of the traits in the three diallel crosses, whereas non-additive effects (SCA) were also responsible for the genetic expression of most of the traits, but almost exclusively in crosses between S1 and S2 inbred lines. Recommended genotypes for the simultaneous genetic improvement of fruit pulp thickness and color for the fresh consumption market, which is formed by consumers who prefer whole, non-sliced fruit, were the S0 parents (P3 and P4) as well as the between S2 lines hybrid (P1×P6). On the other hand, a genotype recommended for the improvement of the same traits but intended either for agro-industrial use or for the fresh consumption market formed by consumers for whom fruit weight is not a limiting characteristic for purchase (large fruits), was the S2 parent (P2).","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89381861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Generation means analysis of physiological and agronomical targeted traits in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) cross 代指硬粒小麦(Triticum durum Desf.)杂交的生理和农艺目标性状分析

Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v72n3.77410

Manel Salmi, A. Benmahammed, Laid Benderradji, Z. Fellahi, H. Bouzerzour, A. Oulmi, A. Benbelkacem

{"title":"Generation means analysis of physiological and agronomical targeted traits in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) cross","authors":"Manel Salmi, A. Benmahammed, Laid Benderradji, Z. Fellahi, H. Bouzerzour, A. Oulmi, A. Benbelkacem","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v72n3.77410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v72n3.77410","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic parameters such as leaf relative water content, leaf chlorophyll content, plant height, above-ground biomass, harvest index, grain yield, and grain yield components of Bousselam/Mrb5 durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) cross were estimated based on generation means analysis. A, B, C, and D scaling and Chi-square (χ2) tests revealed the inadequacy of the simple additive-dominance model. This result suggests the presence of digenic epistasis for most studied traits; the duplicate epistasis was present for relative water content, above-ground biomass, and grain yield; and complementary epistasis was observed for chlorophyll content. Significant genotypic correlation coefficients appeared among grain yield, relative water content, and above-ground biomass. This suggests useful indirect selection criteria to improve simultaneously these traits, which showed significant heritability. It can be concluded that the traits investigated show a complex genetic behavior, which implies that early selection would be less efficient; therefore, it is recommended delaying the selection to advanced generations to benefit from the reduction of non-fixable genetic variation and exploit transgressive segregators due to the significant interaction additivity×additivity (i) of the gene and duplicated epistasis.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78300209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Bodas de Roble

Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v72n3.81981

Ignacio Mantilla Prada

引用次数: 0

Populations of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) cause significant damage to genetically modified corn crops 夜蛾科(鳞翅目:夜蛾科)是玉米转基因作物的主要害虫

Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v72n3.75730

Camilo Ignacio Jaramillo Barrios, Eduardo Barragán Quijano, Buenaventura Monje Andrade

{"title":"Populations of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) cause significant damage to genetically modified corn crops","authors":"Camilo Ignacio Jaramillo Barrios, Eduardo Barragán Quijano, Buenaventura Monje Andrade","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v72n3.75730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v72n3.75730","url":null,"abstract":"The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith)) is an important harmful pest for corn crops in Colombia. Knowing its population’s fluctuation regarding genetically modified plants allows the implementation of monitoring plans and time-effective management actions. The objective of this study was to establish the population’s fluctuation of S. frugiperda during 2014-2016 in the hybrids 30F35R and 30F35HR (genetically modified with the Cry1F endotoxin) in El Espinal, Tolima, Colombia. Accumulations in five growing cycles were carried out until 20, 40, 60, 80, and 104 days with the number of larvae per linear meter after emergence per year and per hybrid. Results were compared statistically using linear mixed models. On the other hand, two dummy variables that reckon the presence of larvae and damage were calculated. With the indicators of presence (one) and absence (zero), a longitudinal logistic prediction model was constructed. Larger accumulation of larvae was registered in the hybrid 30F35R (6.79±0.20); however, the genetically modified genotype 30F35HR also registered the presence of larvae (4.24±0.20), inferring that the endotoxin did not exercise total control over the populations. The vegetative stage showed a higher larval population. However, when this stage is not managed, the crop can show damage up to 52% and 72% in hybrid plants with and without Cry1F, respectively. This behavior suggests that if refuge areas and strategies such as pest monitoring are not established, these insects could generate higher resistances to the plants with the endotoxin Cry1F.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87766349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Improvement of the agricultural productivity of lettuce and radish by using efficient microorganisms 利用高效微生物提高莴苣和萝卜的农业生产力

Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v72n3.76967

Ramón Liriano Gonzáles, Jovana Pérez Ramos, Yunel Pérez Hernández, Iraní Placeres Espinosa, Sergio Luis Rodríguez Jiménez

{"title":"Improvement of the agricultural productivity of lettuce and radish by using efficient microorganisms","authors":"Ramón Liriano Gonzáles, Jovana Pérez Ramos, Yunel Pérez Hernández, Iraní Placeres Espinosa, Sergio Luis Rodríguez Jiménez","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v72n3.76967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v72n3.76967","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of the application of efficient microorganisms (EM) on the productive performance of lettuce and radish. The experiment was carried out in an organoponic culture in the municipality of Matanzas, Cuba, from December 2017 to January 2018. Five treatments were studied: control (0), EM 8 mL m-2 at 0 days after the transplant (DAT) (EM 8-0), EM 8 mL m-2 at 15 DAT (EM 8-15), EM 10 mL m-2 at 0 DAT (EM 10-0), and EM 10 mL m-2 at 15 DAT (EM 10-15). A randomized complete block design was set with four replications per treatment. An ANOVA was applied to perform the statistical data analysis, and the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (P<0.05) was used for the comparison of means. The statistic program used was STATISTICA, version 6.0 over Windows. The parameters evaluated in lettuce were the total number of leaves, number of commercial leaves, the diameter of leaf rosette, and yield. The evaluated parameters for radish were fleshy root’s diameter and weight, and yield. The results indicated a positive effect on growth-response with the application of the bio-product, which can be considered a promissory alternative for vegetable production in organoponic garden conditions. The application of EM 10 mL m-2 at 0 and 15 DAT showed the best productive behavior for both crops.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78955875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2