Annals of Silvicultural Research最新文献_第3页

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): new poplar clones allow an environmentally sustainable cultivation 生命周期评估（LCA）：新的杨树无性系可以进行环境可持续的种植

Annals of Silvicultural Research Pub Date : 2020-08-03 DOI: 10.12899/ASR-2017

P. Chiarabaglio, A. Deidda, S. Bergante, G. Castro, Gianni Faciotto, A. Giorcelli, S. Pagliolico, Corrado Carbonaro

{"title":"Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): new poplar clones allow an environmentally sustainable cultivation","authors":"P. Chiarabaglio, A. Deidda, S. Bergante, G. Castro, Gianni Faciotto, A. Giorcelli, S. Pagliolico, Corrado Carbonaro","doi":"10.12899/ASR-2017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-2017","url":null,"abstract":"In Italy 72 poplar clones ( Populus spp.) are registered for commercialization. They were selected for fast growth, stem shape and disease resistance. The new selections (named MSA) includes genotypes with very high resistance to all the main diseases and to one insect, Phloeomizus passerinii (Sign.). Fast growth and disease resistance allow to produce wood with low environmental and economic costs; for this reason in some Italian Regions the introduction of a percentage of these clones in poplar stand is mandatory to obtain funding for their establishment (Rural Development Plan). To better understand the environmental advantages deriving from the use of these clones, in comparison with the old genotypes (particularly ‘I-214’), a ‘Life Cycle Assessment’ approach was applied considering as impact indicator the CO 2 equivalent emissions; from stoolbed to commercial stand, primary data were collected from an Italian experience. Firstly with the Inventory Analysis all the raw material, energy, wastes and emissions related were collected for each cultivation phase. The Analysis showed a reduction of 9% of CO 2 eq. ha -1 emitted, growing MSA instead of ‘I-214’. Considering the emissions per volume of wood, ‘I-214’ requests 47.5 kg CO 2 eq. per m 3 , compared with MSA that request 36.6 kg CO 2 eq. per m 3 .","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49469086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Evaluation of different wood harvesting systems in typical Mediterranean small-scale forests: a Southern Italian case study 地中海典型小规模森林中不同木材采伐系统的评估：意大利南部的一个案例研究

Annals of Silvicultural Research Pub Date : 2020-07-21 DOI: 10.12899/ASR-1883

M. Cataldo, A. Proto, G. Macrì, G. Zimbalatti

{"title":"Evaluation of different wood harvesting systems in typical Mediterranean small-scale forests: a Southern Italian case study","authors":"M. Cataldo, A. Proto, G. Macrì, G. Zimbalatti","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1883","url":null,"abstract":"Use of small-scale harvesting equipment in forestry is increasing in many regions of the world and tractor-based systems are the most common type of small-scale forestry equipment. This equipment is smaller, less expensive and less productive than advanced forestry machines and the choice of method depends on forest site-specific conditions. In southern Italy the prevailing conditions are those characteristic of small-scale forestry: harvested areas and volume are limited and ground-based extraction is still the most common harvesting technique. Two harvesting systems conventionally adopted in Italian small-scale forestry are those using either winch or grapple fitted farm tractors for wood extraction. A continuous time study was adopted to determine productivity rates and wood extraction costs and develop skidding time prediction models for these two different wood harvesting systems as used in typical Mediterranean forests, in chestnut and silver fir thinning operations. Comparing winch and grapple extraction revealed considerable differences in productivity (2.91 and 5.92 m3 h-1 respectively). Factors significantly affecting productivity differences were extraction distance and payload per turn. The study concluded that farm tractors can be used for small scale harvesting operations and its results can be used to set piece rates, design and rationalize work and estimate costs. In order to sustain small-scale harvesting equipment effectiveness, skid trails should be planned in forests. The use of farm tractors needs to be encouraged as an alternative self-sufficient productivity method in small-scale forestry operations.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41810235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Whole tree system evaluation of thinning a pine plantation in southern Italy 意大利南部松树林疏伐的全树系统评价

Annals of Silvicultural Research Pub Date : 2020-07-21 DOI: 10.12899/ASR-1849

A. Proto, V. Bernardini, M. Cataldo, G. Zimbalatti

{"title":"Whole tree system evaluation of thinning a pine plantation in southern Italy","authors":"A. Proto, V. Bernardini, M. Cataldo, G. Zimbalatti","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1849","url":null,"abstract":"In Italy, some silvicultural treatment as thinning could be carried out in an economic way adopting systems based on small-scale mechanization. This paper examines the productivity standards of wood biomass in coniferous plantation thinning in Southern Italy under the conditions of small-scale forestry. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the incidence of different silvicultural treatments on productivity and harvesting costs and create productivity models for typical harvesting system used for wood thinned from Calabrian pine. Three different sites were monitored on the Sila Massif forest, and the experimental plan included three area tests, subjected in the last thirty years to intermediate cuttings with different thinning grade: light thinning (A thesis), moderate thinning (B thesis), heavy thinning (C thesis). The authors developed a productivity model for motor-manual felling and skidding timber with wheeled farm tractors, equipped with winch using a time motion study. Whole tree extraction system in coniferous plantation applied with typical felling system traditional has guaranteed productivity standards at a reasonable cost reducing high operational cost per unit harvested. The results, therefore, underlined that it economic possible to wood biomass harvest relatively small-diameter from thinning stands favoring moderate and heavy thinning.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"44-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46228660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Long-term monitoring and microbiological control programs against lepidopteran defoliators in Sardinian cork oak forests (Italy) 意大利撒丁岛栓皮栎林鳞翅目剥叶虫的长期监测与微生物防治

Annals of Silvicultural Research Pub Date : 2020-07-21 DOI: 10.12899/ASR-1846

A. Lentini, Roberto Mannu, A. Cocco, Pino Angelo Ruio, Anna Carboneschi, P. Luciano

{"title":"Long-term monitoring and microbiological control programs against lepidopteran defoliators in Sardinian cork oak forests (Italy)","authors":"A. Lentini, Roberto Mannu, A. Cocco, Pino Angelo Ruio, Anna Carboneschi, P. Luciano","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1846","url":null,"abstract":"The gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), and the tent caterpillar, Malacosoma neustrium (L.), are the main cork oak, Quercus suber L., pests in the Mediterranean area and cause complete defoliation in large forest districts. In order to control infestations, large scale aerial applications of insecticides based on Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki ( Btk ) have been carried out in Sardinia (Italy) since 2001. This paper evaluated the frequency of outbreaks in forest districts with varying homogeneity of land use, forest areas annually exposed to defoliation and the effectiveness of control programs based on Btk insecticide applications. The volume of areas annually exposed to defoliation depends on forest homogeneity, as infestations are more frequent in cork oak areas with a lower than 25% canopy cover rate. The microbiological control programme efficiently protected cork oaks from lepidopteran defoliators and caused an overall annual mean mortality of over 60%, with maximum rates of 89.9 and 98.0% for L. dispar and M. neustrium , respectively. To date, approximately 180,000 hectares of cork oak forests have been protected by spraying Btk -based insecticides.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"21-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43088618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Comparison between two and five years rotation models in poplar, willow and black locust Short Rotation Coppices (SRC) in North West Italy 意大利西北部杨树、柳树和刺槐短轮作灌木林2年和5年轮作模式的比较

Annals of Silvicultural Research Pub Date : 2020-07-21 DOI: 10.12899/ASR-1962

G. Facciotto, S. Bergante, L. Rosso, G. Minotta

{"title":"Comparison between two and five years rotation models in poplar, willow and black locust Short Rotation Coppices (SRC) in North West Italy","authors":"G. Facciotto, S. Bergante, L. Rosso, G. Minotta","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1962","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, SRC plantations should produce multiple assortments, both for industrial and energetic uses, for being economically profitable. SRC trials comparing two different cultivation models (very high density model -– vHDM, 8,333 trees ha -1 with 2 years rotation; high density model -– HDM, 1,667 trees ha -1 with 5 years rotation) were established in 2005 in two sites (Casale Monferrato and Cavallermaggiore), on agricultural land with alluvial soils in the Western Po Valley (Italy). Both models were applied to poplar (clone 83.141.020), willow (clone S76-008) and black locust (provenance Energy). After 6 years from planting, the two treatments did not show significant differences in terms of cumulative biomass yield, with poplar being the most productive species at Casale Monferrato (64.65 and 63.76 Mg ha -1 with HDM and vHDM, respectively). Poplar production potential was confirmed at Cavallermaggiore (105.83 and 57.22 Mg ha -1 , respectively). Black locust showed the lower yield at both sites. In HDM poplar exhibited the highest stem DBH, at both sites, reaching mean values of 15.0 and 17.8 cm at Casale Monferrato and Cavallermaggiore, respectively. In HDM, poplar was the only species capable to reach stem dimensions compatible with industrial destinations at the end of the first 5- years rotation.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"12-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43503028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

The evolution in time of the concept of fast growing tree species: is it possible to use a definition applicable to all environmental conditions? 快速生长树种概念在时间上的演变:是否有可能使用一个适用于所有环境条件的定义?

Annals of Silvicultural Research Pub Date : 2020-06-09 DOI: 10.12899/ASR-1967

E. Badalamenti, S. Sferlazza, Ds La Mela Veca, F. Maetzke, G. Sala, T. Mantia

{"title":"The evolution in time of the concept of fast growing tree species: is it possible to use a definition applicable to all environmental conditions?","authors":"E. Badalamenti, S. Sferlazza, Ds La Mela Veca, F. Maetzke, G. Sala, T. Mantia","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1967","url":null,"abstract":"Although the expression “fast-growing species” (FGS) referred to tree species has been since long time used, a clear definition has not been adopted for decades. Starting from the Italian historical background, we searched for the definitions of FGS formulated over time at a national and international level. The mean annual increment (MAI) of 10 m 3 ha -1 , identified by the FAO, has been the most commonly considered threshold until recently. Subsequently, experimental activities and research efforts have consistently enhanced the productivity of FGS, and other definitions have been proposed accordingly. Hence, FGS should provide annual wood yields of 15-25 m 3 ha -1 with rotations of less than 25-30 years. In Europe, the maximum MAI can reach about 20-25 m 3 ha -1 , while in fast-growing tropical plantations the MAI frequently exceeds 30-35 m 3 ha -1 . However, we deem that the threshold of 10 m 3 ha -1 year -1 is still reliable for Mediterranean conditions. Since the fast-growing is a relative concept, strongly affected by species’ traits, environmental conditions and cultural practices, a future increase in the productivity levels of wood plantations can be expected.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"53-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45666054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Which are Southern Italy’s fastest growing tree species? Lessons from the past for future perspectives, with a special focus on Sicily 哪些是意大利南部生长最快的树种?从过去吸取教训，展望未来，特别关注西西里岛

Annals of Silvicultural Research Pub Date : 2020-06-09 DOI: 10.12899/ASR-1845

E. Badalamenti, S. Sferlazza, D. L. M. Veca, F. Maetzke, G. Sala, T. Mantia

{"title":"Which are Southern Italy’s fastest growing tree species? Lessons from the past for future perspectives, with a special focus on Sicily","authors":"E. Badalamenti, S. Sferlazza, D. L. M. Veca, F. Maetzke, G. Sala, T. Mantia","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1845","url":null,"abstract":"Fast growing tree species can generate high wood production in a short time frame. However, maximum productivity is dependent on environmental and management conditions as well as intrinsic plant traits. Within this framework, our research was into tree species with the highest Mean Annual Increments (MAIs) in southern Italy, particularly in Sicily. Eucalyptus spp., Acacia saligna Labill. H. L. Wendl., Ailanthus altissima Mill. (Swingle) , Pinus halepensis Mill. (including Pinus brutia Ten.), Pinus canariensis C.Sm. and Pinus radiata D. Don. were identified . In particularly suitable conditions, the MAI of eucalypt coppices ranged from 8 to 12 m 3 ha -1 , and from 13 to 19 m 3 ha -1 , in Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. and Eucalyptus globulus Labill. , respectively. The MAI of E. camaldulensis high forests was slightly over 6 m 3 ha -1 , while that of E. globulus high forests was very similar to its coppice value. Considering the preliminary data, Acacia saligna Labill. H. L. Wendl. can achieve good wood production. Pinus halepensis Mill. and Pinus brutia (Ten.) Holmboe achieved MAIs of 5-7 m 3 ha -1 . Other species may be promising but either data is very limited or their invasive potential requires careful consideration. This historical review has shown that with optimal tree species-planting site-cultivation technique combinations, tree species can achieve wood yields typical of fast-growing species in Mediterranean Italy, too.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"31-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48278683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Pros and cons of open access journals: paying to read or paying to publish? 开放获取期刊的利弊:付费阅读还是付费出版?

Annals of Silvicultural Research Pub Date : 2020-04-03 DOI: 10.12899/ASR-1981

P. Corona

引用次数: 1

An innovative environmental risk assessment approach to a Mediterranean coastal forest: the Presidential Estate of Castelporziano (Rome) case study 地中海沿海森林的创新环境风险评估方法:卡斯泰尔波尔齐亚诺总统庄园(罗马)案例研究

Annals of Silvicultural Research Pub Date : 2020-04-03 DOI: 10.12899/ASR-1884

F. Recanatesi, Chiara Giuliani, Matteo Piccinno, Benedetta Cucca, Carlo Maria Rossi, M. Ripa

引用次数: 2

The Open Data Kit suite, Mobile Data Collection technology as an opportunity for forest mensuration practices 开放数据套件，移动数据收集技术作为森林测量实践的机会

Annals of Silvicultural Research Pub Date : 2020-04-03 DOI: 10.12899/ASR-1852

S. Campus, Roberto Scotti, Irene Piredda, Ilenia Murgia, Antonio Ganga, F. Giadrossich

{"title":"The Open Data Kit suite, Mobile Data Collection technology as an opportunity for forest mensuration practices","authors":"S. Campus, Roberto Scotti, Irene Piredda, Ilenia Murgia, Antonio Ganga, F. Giadrossich","doi":"10.12899/ASR-1852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12899/ASR-1852","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the potential for using Mobile Data Collection (MDC) as an effective database supported technology to substantially improve forest mensuration practices. Open source Open Data Kit (ODK) procedures and tools were used during a survey campaign that initiated a local forest monitoring process in the Marganai forest (Sardinia). The ODK suite is practical to use and its procedures allow authoring and use of digital survey forms without users needing software development expertise. Form design enables a high degree of customization to be achieved by means of specifying a wide range of data flow control mechanisms. ODK has proved to be a valid tool for data coherence and completeness improvements. As forestry’s contribution to regional Gross Domestic Product has dramatically decreased, forest mensuration practices have been reduced. Meeting the increased need to monitor environmental assets such as forests requires these practices to be re-evaluated. If regional public institutions took an active part in the process of enhancing forest mensuration, by contributing with open database systems acting as repositories and knowledge engines, support for MDC tools like ODK would potentially be a great opportunity to disseminate the use of the system and boost its development.","PeriodicalId":37733,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Silvicultural Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"86-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46600305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3