Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)最新文献_第9页

The Principal Threats to the Standing Water Habitats in the Continental Biogeographical Region of Central Europe 中欧大陆生物地理区对静水栖息地的主要威胁

Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic) Pub Date : 2019-08-06 DOI: 10.2478/jlecol-2019-0013

M. Grzybowski

{"title":"The Principal Threats to the Standing Water Habitats in the Continental Biogeographical Region of Central Europe","authors":"M. Grzybowski","doi":"10.2478/jlecol-2019-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2019-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper discusses threats of standing water habitats of high importance to the European Community in the Continental Biogeographical Region (CBR) of Europe, specifically in Poland, as a reference. The study covers five standing water habitats types distinguished in Natura 2000: 3110, 3130, 3140, 3150, 3160, occurring in 806 Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) in Poland. The most significant threats to standing water habitats in the Continental biogeographical region, result from human-induced changes in hydrological conditions that have modified whole natural systems. Based on multivariate analysis, we found that significant differences in the conservation status of the standing water habitats resulted from a variety of threats, pressures, and activities, among which the most significant are decreased and unstable water resources (3110, 3130, 3140, 3150, 3160), fishing and harvesting aquatic resources (3110, 3130, 3140, 3150, 3160), pollution from use of the catchment (3130, 3140, 3150), improper management and use of the agricultural catchment (3110, 3130, 3140, 3150, 3160) and forest catchment (3110, 3140, 3160), urbanisation, residential and commercial development (3150, 3140), transportation and service corridors (3140> 3160 > 3110, 3150), including parking areas (3140), changes in biocenotic evolution, succession, plant species composition (3110, 3130, 3140, 3150, 3160), succession of invasive species (3130), and more intense touristic exploration (3110, 3130, 3140, 3150, 3160). Only in the case of habitats 3110, 3130, 3140 changes in their conservation status have been associated with climate change.","PeriodicalId":37671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)","volume":"12 1","pages":"116 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47983349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Potential of Manor Gardens for Natural Habitats Conservation 庄园花园保护自然栖息地的潜力

Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic) Pub Date : 2019-03-16 DOI: 10.2478/jlecol-2019-0005

M. Šantrůčková, K. Demková, J. Dostálek, T. Frantík

{"title":"The Potential of Manor Gardens for Natural Habitats Conservation","authors":"M. Šantrůčková, K. Demková, J. Dostálek, T. Frantík","doi":"10.2478/jlecol-2019-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2019-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Historical gardens established around manors form an integral part of the European cultural landscape. Recent studies have revealed that manor gardens may serve as local hotspots of biodiversity and provide cultural ecosystem services within urban areas but also in rural landscapes. As a consequence of dramatic land-use changes in recent centuries, followed by a significant loss and degradation of natural habitats, manor gardens often serve as refugia for organisms within the cultural landscape. To compare the proportion of natural habitats in manor gardens with the surrounding landscape, intensively used and semi-natural landscapes were distinguished within a grid using Coordinated Information on the Environment (CORINE) land cover data for the Czech Republic. One hundred manor gardens were randomly selected, followed by a grid overlay of data from the Natura 2000 mapping system. Proportions of natural habitats were calculated for each garden in relation to the surrounding landscape. The results confirmed that manor gardens, compared with the surrounding landscape, play an important role in the conservation of natural habitats, especially in areas with a high level of human impact. For the gardens studied, occurrences of the following natural habitat types from the Natura 2000 system were recorded: forests (25.4 % of the garden area), secondary grasslands (4.4 %), streams and water bodies (1.6 %) and wetlands and riverine vegetation (0.5 %). The proportion of natural habitats within the gardens compared to the surrounding areas was significantly higher in the majority of cases.","PeriodicalId":37671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)","volume":"12 1","pages":"59 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45851032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forest Fragmentation Analysis from Multiple Imaging Formats 基于多种成像格式的森林碎片分析

Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic) Pub Date : 2019-03-16 DOI: 10.2478/jlecol-2019-0001

I. E. M. Fynn, J. Campbell

{"title":"Forest Fragmentation Analysis from Multiple Imaging Formats","authors":"I. E. M. Fynn, J. Campbell","doi":"10.2478/jlecol-2019-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2019-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In landscape ecology, forest fragmentation studies with emphasis on effects of scale on fragmentation patch metrics, is an important research area. With increasing availability of satellite data at multiple scales and varied resolutions, it has become important to understand effects of comparing fragmentation metrics acquired from coarse resolution images and those from finer resolution imagery. This is crucial because coarse resolution images such as Landsat imagery, are relatively easier to find because of their cheaper costs, availability and broad coverage, whereas finer resolution imagery is more expensive and therefore, spans only small areas. This paper examines effects of varied spatial resolutions on common fragmentation metrics using Landsat, Sentinel, National Agricultural Imagery Program (NAIP) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) imagery obtained in November, 2017 of the Whitethorne area near Blacksburg, Virginia. The images are analyzed using FRAGSTATS and ArcGIS software programs. The results show significant differences in fragmentation metrics despite simultaneous acquisition of all images in the same area. Discussion of results obtained in this study centers on the reasons for this disparity, and examines uses of imagery of different resolutions for forest fragmentation analysis.","PeriodicalId":37671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)","volume":"12 1","pages":"1 - 15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47425792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Exomorphogenesis of Cosmogenic Ring Structures of Kazakhstan 哈萨克斯坦宇宙成因环状结构的外形态发生

Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic) Pub Date : 2019-03-16 DOI: 10.2478/jlecol-2019-0004

L. Veselova, K. Kasymkhanova, Umut Kozhakhmetova, R. Bekseitova, I. Shmarova, R. Turapova, G. Baydauletova

{"title":"Exomorphogenesis of Cosmogenic Ring Structures of Kazakhstan","authors":"L. Veselova, K. Kasymkhanova, Umut Kozhakhmetova, R. Bekseitova, I. Shmarova, R. Turapova, G. Baydauletova","doi":"10.2478/jlecol-2019-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2019-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The use of materials for remote sensing of the Earth made it possible to identify a new type of crustal structures and features of their expression in relief. These are ring structures that complicate the structure of the studied structures of a linear type. As a result of the study of the morphology, geological and tectonic structure of ring structures, it was established that they represent formations of various origins: pluton-volcanic, cosmogenic, and anthropogenic. Cosmogenic structures of different ages and differ in various degrees of transformation. The relief of the identified cosmogenic structures within the limits of the Turan Plains, the Kazakh small hills and mountains of South-Eastern Kazakhstan is transformed by exogenous processes. The defining indicator features of cosmogenic structures include geomorphological, geological, structural tectonic, and also landscape. The degree of change in the initial cosmogenic relief depends on the time of formation, paleogeographic and modern physiographic conditions of the territories. Under the arid conditions of Kazakhstan’s epyhercynian platform, the main factor in the preservation of the “primary” morphology of meteorite craters is the lithologic stratigraphic complexes of the ring shaft. For the studied cosmogenic structures, in particular, the meteorite craters of Saryarka, a distinct geodynamic zoning of the development of exomorphogenesis processes is characteristic. The main exogenous processes include gravity-slope, surface washout, ravine and river erosion, processes of complex denudation and accumulation. The factors and processes of creating a modern crater relief morphology are established. These studies of cosmogenic ring structures of Kazakhstan have not only theoretical significance, revealing the role of cosmogenic processes of the formation of the Earth as a planet, but also have immediate practical importance. Meteorite craters are indicators of mineral deposits.","PeriodicalId":37671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)","volume":"12 1","pages":"49 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47514927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developing Urban Green Space Classification System Using Multi-Criteria: The Case of Kuala Lumpur City, Malaysia 基于多标准的城市绿地分类体系构建——以马来西亚吉隆坡市为例

Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic) Pub Date : 2019-03-16 DOI: 10.2478/jlecol-2019-0002

A. N. M. Nor, S. Abdullah

{"title":"Developing Urban Green Space Classification System Using Multi-Criteria: The Case of Kuala Lumpur City, Malaysia","authors":"A. N. M. Nor, S. Abdullah","doi":"10.2478/jlecol-2019-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2019-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In many countries urban green spaces are stated in a set of different administrative regulatory framework. However, their definition and characteristics are inconsistent and developing a systematic classification has been recognized to avoid the inconsistency. Several efforts have been made but the approach mainly based on a few criteria and classified manually according to the types that stated in the regulatory framework. Therefore, this study developed a classification system based on multi-criteria that represents the structure and function of urban green spaces using Kuala Lumpur City, Malaysia as a model. The useful of the systematic classification for urban green spaces planning and management was interpreted through landscape pattern analysis. In this study, land use map of Kuala Lumpur City was used as a based. Through field observation, information from Kuala Lumpur City Hall and satellite image interpretation, seven criteria were identified to develop the classification system. Landscape pattern was based on landscape metrics analyzed using FRAGSTAT 3.3. The analysis defined five categories of urban green spaces: conservation green space, greenway, community green space, residential green space and amenity green space. Landscape pattern analysis has allowed to interpret what category needs attention to improve their quality and quantity as well as to protect them from any land use development. It can be assumed that the multi-criteria approach can be considered as a first step to introduce a more systematic way to categorize urban green spaces and addressing the inconsistency issue which is important for the city to develop sustainably.","PeriodicalId":37671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)","volume":"12 1","pages":"16 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42402221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Importance of Sugar Beet in the Frame of Carbon Quantification in the Czech Republic 甜菜在捷克共和国碳量化框架中的重要性

Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic) Pub Date : 2019-03-16 DOI: 10.2478/jlecol-2019-0006

Kateřina Vrublová, Jarmila Filippovová

引用次数: 0

Sustainable Urban Landscape Management: An Insight Into Urban Green Space Management Practices in Three Different Countries 可持续城市景观管理：三国城市绿地管理实践透视

Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic) Pub Date : 2019-03-16 DOI: 10.2478/jlecol-2019-0003

Faiza Darkhani, O. M. Tahir, Roziya Ibrahim

引用次数: 13

Land Use and Landscape Pattern Changes on the Inside and Outside of Protected Areas in Urbanizing Selangor State, Peninsular Malaysia 马来西亚半岛雪兰莪州城市化进程中保护区内外土地利用与景观格局变化

Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic) Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/jlecol-2019-0009

Woon Hang Lee, S. Abdullah, S. M. Nor

{"title":"Land Use and Landscape Pattern Changes on the Inside and Outside of Protected Areas in Urbanizing Selangor State, Peninsular Malaysia","authors":"Woon Hang Lee, S. Abdullah, S. M. Nor","doi":"10.2478/jlecol-2019-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2019-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Unabated land use changes in developing countries have imperilled the urban ecosystem resilience. An urban protected area is one of the critical systems to absorb disturbance regimes in the metropolitan area, but it is increasingly pressured by urbanization. Therefore, assessing their land use and landscape pattern changes are pivotal to identify the conservation capacity. We developed land use maps for Klang Gate, Bukit Kutu, and Sungai Dusun wildlife reserves to assess their spatial and temporal land use changes between 1988 and 2012. The degree of fragmentation, the intensity of human impact and structural connectedness for these wildlife reserves were also quantified. The findings revealed that Klang Gate which located adjacent to the highly urbanizing area experienced a very significant loss of forest while built-up area and commercial agriculture gradually encroached into the reserve. It also has a higher degree of fragmentation and human impact than the other two reserves. Human impact inside of Klang Gate was concomitant to the outside. However, Bukit Kutu almost undisturbed and Sungai Dusun was slightly intruded by commercial agriculture. The results help different stakeholders, such as managing authorities and policy planners to strategize new land use planning that utilize limited land-based resources for future economic and social development. As the findings showed that urban protected areas alone are not sufficient in maintaining the urban ecosystem; therefore new conservation planning that integrates other urban green spaces at their surrounding is critical to ameliorating the conservation on a long-term basis.","PeriodicalId":37671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)","volume":"12 1","pages":"41 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69220702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Forest Fragmentation and Connectivity in Virginia Between 2001 and 2011 2001年至2011年间弗吉尼亚州森林破碎化与连通性

Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic) Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/jlecol-2018-0014

I. E. M. Fynn, J. Campbell

{"title":"Forest Fragmentation and Connectivity in Virginia Between 2001 and 2011","authors":"I. E. M. Fynn, J. Campbell","doi":"10.2478/jlecol-2018-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2018-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract With an annual population growth rate currently estimated at about 5 %, Virginia presents an ideal case study for anthropogenic environmental disturbances. Urbanization as a result of increasing human activities has led to fragmentation of many crucial habitats, especially forests. Analysis of the extent to which forest fragmentation and connectivity have occurred in Virginia and corresponding changes associated with these processes, is relevant for conserving forest habitats and the biodiversity that they support. This study applies FRAGSTATS, a software system developed to assess forest fragmentation and connectivity, in combination with ArcGIS, to identify changes in forest patch metrics for Virginia over a ten-year interval (2001, 2006 and 2011) using National Land Cover Datasets (NLCD) maps as data source. Results show that, over ten years, forest patches have significantly declined in size, while the number of forest patches and total length of edge areas have increased over time. Results of this study show that road density in Virginia has no significant effect on forest fragmentation between 2001 and 2011. Analysis using ArcGIS revealed that sizes of core forest areas in Virginia are declining, and that these reductions match local topographic slope. This is because the steepness of the slope of an area dictates the degree of human activities in that area. These results suggest that urban sprawl associated with areas with gentler slopes, may have significant, long-term consequences for natural forest ecosystems and ultimately, biodiversity conservation.","PeriodicalId":37671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)","volume":"11 1","pages":"119 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48239605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Forests in the Czech Public Discourse 捷克公共话语中的森林

Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic) Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/jlecol-2018-0011

Jana Stachová

{"title":"Forests in the Czech Public Discourse","authors":"Jana Stachová","doi":"10.2478/jlecol-2018-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2018-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Forests are being increasingly studied within the framework of social sciences, especially in relation to environmental problems and global climate change. This article deals with the perception of Czech forests and their management at two basic levels: at the level of sociological analysis of in-depth interviews with experts in the field of forestry and at the level of public opinion research. The main aim of this study was to describe the attitudes of professionals and the general public towards forests and forestry, especially with regard to climate change. Qualitative analysis of interviews with professionals discerned two main categories of opinion: ecological realism and social constructionism. The results of the study show that the Czech public, in agreement with ecological realists, considers it highly important to preserve and support the non-productive environmental functions of forests. The public also prefers close-to-nature forest management practices. Czech Republic is witnessing a fundamental shift in the mindset about forests. Although the public still expects forests to retain their production function, it perceives their environmental functions as increasingly important.","PeriodicalId":37671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)","volume":"11 1","pages":"33 - 44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42339447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14