Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Land Use/Land Cover Change on Soil Retention Service: A Case of Agricultural-Urbanized Landscape in Northern Iran","authors":"M. Keshtkar, Z. Mokhtari, Romina Sayahnia","doi":"10.2478/jlecol-2022-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2022-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Globally, urbanization changes land use/land cover (LULC) and alters ecosystem functions and services. Soil retention (SR) is a critical ecological service that is strongly related to LULC change. The topic of this study is assessment of LULC change on soil retention service (SRS) in a fragile seminatural-urbanized landscape of the Jajrood basin in Northern Tehran, Iran, from 2000 to 2020. To achieve the goal, the LULC maps and the other relevant datasets were imported into the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs tool (InVEST) using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE). Calibration and validation were performed using Goodness-of-fit test for observational and modeled data. The results revealed that LULC change had both negative and positive effects on SR. The built-up area increased dramatically by about 133 percent, while the rangeland shrunk by approximately 5 % during the twenty-year, leading to an increase in soil erosion and reducing SR. On the other hand, the agricultural and gardening activities expanded by 41 %, which caused an increment in SR. Due to the outgrowth of man-made areas compared to the other land uses, the overall SR decreased by about 17,000 tons. Moreover, the result indicated that slope, elevation, and land management factors, respectively, had the highest correlation with SRS. The finding of this research can provide insight to land use planners to protect the areas with high soil erosion.","PeriodicalId":37671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)","volume":"15 1","pages":"34 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44664904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Communication Based on Local Wisdom in Forest Conservation: A Study on Sentajo Forbidden Forest, Indonesia","authors":"Yasir Yasir, Y. Firzal, Chelsy Yesicha, Andri Sulistyani","doi":"10.2478/jlecol-2022-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2022-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aims to explore environmental communication based on local wisdom in conserving forests in the Kenegerian Sentajo, Riau Province, Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach with an interactive model. Researchers interact and are directly involved in many community activities. The results indicate that environmental communication in forest conservation is based on the local wisdom of the community by using the term Rimbo Larangan. The main communicators and actors are the customary holders, the datuk penghulu and the ninik-mamak (elders) as the highest institutional holders of Kenegerian Sentajo customs. This institution is more powerful than formal government institutions. These traditional stakeholders play an important role in spreading the message to maintain the existence of forbidden forest (Rimbo Larangan). In addition, the community’s desire to maintain customary values has given rise to attitudes and behaviors of people who are aware and care about forest sustainability. This is supported by Islamic values which have encouraged public awareness to have morals or responsibility towards the environment. Some beliefs, storytelling, and myths also reinforce this rule which makes people afraid to break it. The research findings can be used by the community in improving practices of communicating, managing, making rules and redesigning forest for conservation areas that are managed based on indigenous peoples.","PeriodicalId":37671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)","volume":"15 1","pages":"127 - 145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46699064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Woody Species Diversity and Population Structure Along Disturbance Gradient in Babile Elephant Sanctuary, Ethiopia","authors":"A. Hussein, S. Dejene, Abebe Aschalew","doi":"10.2478/jlecol-2022-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2022-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The study was conducted at Babile Elephant Sanctuary (BES), to identify and document the list of woody species, and to analyze the diversity, richness, evenness, and population structural status of woody species. The diversity of plant species and population structure of woody species were analyzed from 60 quadrats, each with 20 m x 20 m for trees and 5 m x 5 m for shrubs and climbers, using systematic sampling methods with three levels of disturbances regime, namely, low disturbed (LD), moderately disturbed (MD) and heavily disturbed (HD) sites. Vegetation parameters such as diameter at breast height (DBH), richness, evenness, and density of woody species were recorded. Shannon Weiner Diversity Index was used to analysis vegetation diversity and evenness. A total of 61 woody species were identified in the study area that falls within 29 families and 38 genera of which 50.8 % were shrubs, 39.3 % were trees and the rest 9.83 % were climbers. Fabaceae was represented by the highest number of species (14 species = 22.90). The highest plant species richness was recorded from the low disturbed sites, followed by moderately disturbed and heavily disturbed sites respectively. The population density of vegetation was significantly higher in the MD site, followed by the LD site. The total basal area of LD, MD, and HD were 27.2, 19.8, and 11.2 m2/ha, respectively. LD site had significantly (P= 0.04) highest Shannon’s diversity index value (3.21) than the others two disturbance levels. This result suggests that the consequence of human-induced disturbance on woody species diversity and population structure appeared to be negative depending on the type and intensities of the disturbances.","PeriodicalId":37671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)","volume":"15 1","pages":"59 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46109834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on Climate Change Impacts on Forest Ecosystem Services in the Mediterranean Basin","authors":"Bright Danso Appiagyei, Latifa Belhoucine-Guezouli, E. Bessah, B. Morsli, P. Fernandes","doi":"10.2478/jlecol-2022-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2022-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Mediterranean Basin covers more than 2 million square kilometres and is surrounded by three continents: Africa, Asia and Europe. The Basin that is rich in biodiversity has tilted towards warmer and drier conditions over the last decades. The emerging climatic conditions particularly the increase in the number of climate extremes are bringing new threats and risks that will exacerbate existing pressures. The present study thoroughly reviewed the recent scientific literature and synthesized existing body of knowledge on the impacts (direct and indirect) of climate change on forest ecosystem services in the Mediterranean Basin. Despite many uncertainties about climate change in the Basin, there appears to be a consensus among a number of studies that climate change is having and will continue to have mostly negative impacts on the Mediterranean forest ecosystem services (wood and non-wood forest products, water resources, carbon storage and recreation and tourism) with possible substantial impacts in the future. Further, evidence is mounting that climate-induced natural disturbances (fires, insect pests, and pathogenic diseases) are becoming frequent and severe. The Mediterranean plants are known for their resilience to natural disturbances. However, the novel climatic conditions may exceed their resilience and alter the ecosystem services. Therefore, there is the need to mitigate the challenges posed by climate change and adapt forest management practices to impending changes to sustain the forest ecosystem services.","PeriodicalId":37671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)","volume":"15 1","pages":"1 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49243516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Look Into the History of Landscape Research in Czechia. Landscape in Natural and Social Sciences, Attempts at an Interdisciplinary Approach","authors":"M. Lapka, Miroslav Gottlieb","doi":"10.2478/jlecol-2022-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2022-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Self-reflection is important for every scientific discipline and the study of landscape is no exception. Indeed, landscape is connected in some way to both the natural and social sciences, as well as the and humanities as see in art and architecture. This review analyses the development of landscape research by scientific institutions in the contemporary Czech Republic. It is an attempt to provide a thematic and historical review of its often very complicated development. The study is organized thematically and a chronological order is used for each topic. The topics covered are: The cultural formation of the “Phenomenon of the Czech landscape”; The formation of the approach to landscape in natural sciences; “Phenomenon of the Czech landscape” in architecture; Landscape in institutionalized form in the Academy of Sciences; Landscape outside the Academy of Sciences, and; “Phenomenon of the Czech landscape” in social sciences. Archived documents from the former Institute of Landscape Ecology of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, the primary thematic studies of individual authors and secondary studies reflecting the development of the field itself were used for the development of this thematic and historical review. These sources were refined where possible through guided semi-structured interviews with eyewitnesses and written correspondence. The results show two strong centres of landscape ecology: Institute of Landscape Ecology of the former Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (ČSAV) in Prague formed out of its forerunners in 1971 which is associated with the name of Emil Hadač and relocated to České Budějovice, where it ceased to exist in 2010. Another centre is set up in Brno at the Geographical Institute of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences in Brno at the Mendel University of Brno (Antonín Buček, Jan Lacina). The cultural character and intertwining natural and cultural components of the landscape play an important role in understanding the specific aspects of the scientific study of landscape in our country. This was the basis of the initial scientific reflections of the forerunners of landscape ecology in biological sciences (Bohumil Němec, Julius Stoklasa), in nature conservation (Jan Svatopluk Procházka) and in architecture (Karel Honzík, Ladislav Žák). This interdisciplinary character of landscape research persists in many institutions and organizations to this day, including the Czech branch of the International Association for Landscape Ecology IALE - CZ. It is a great paradox of our time that landscape and landscape ecology has ceased to be institutionally represented in the structure of the Czech Academy of Sciences. In conclusion, we ask the question about the reasons for this development and whether landscape research can be restored in the structure of the Academy of Sciences of The Czech Republic.","PeriodicalId":37671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)","volume":"59 11","pages":"94 - 125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41259982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and Mapping of Soil Water Erosion Risks in the Srou Basin (Middle Atlas, Morocco) Using the EPM Model, GIS and Magnetic Susceptibility","authors":"Hassan Mosaid, A. Barakat, V. Bustillo, J. Rais","doi":"10.2478/jlecol-2022-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2022-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Oued Srou watershed located in the Middle Atlas Mountain of Morocco has been a subject of serious soil erosion problems due to the combination of natural factors and anthropic activities. Therefore, soil erosion hazard assessment and mapping can be handy to initiate remedial measures in the area. In this study, the improved Erosion Potential Model (EPM) integrated with GIS and remote sensing techniques is employed to map and assess the vulnerability of the Oued Srou watershed to the water erosion phenomenon and its impact on the silting of the Ahmed El Hansali dam. The results of the EPM model showed that the maximum annual soil loss rates were in the range of 5-652 m3/km2/year, with an average of 49 m3/km2/year. The delivery coefficient ratio showed that about 34433 t/year of the sediments reach the outlet of the watershed. The correlation analysis between all erosion factors revealed the following order of their importance in the water erosion control: soil sensitivity to erosion, soil protection, slope, erosive state, temperature, and rainfall. The magnetic susceptibility provided results on the evolution of soils; it showed that the most degraded soils had a high erosion rate. Generally, the stable soils not eroded showed an upward increase of magnetic susceptibility values in soil profiles; the evolution of magnetic susceptibility of degraded soils is disturbed. The magnetic susceptibility has also made it possible to highlight the source zones of sediments that reach the outlet of the watershed.","PeriodicalId":37671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)","volume":"15 1","pages":"126 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43268308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An English Life in Landscape: Watching Landscape Research Over Half a Century","authors":"P. Howard","doi":"10.2478/jlecol-2022-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2022-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract From a largely autobiographical perspective, the development of the European concept of landscape is considered through the last fifty years, focussed on the gap between the environmental idea which has progressively become more ecological, so the landscape idea has become much more cultural. When they work together, there can be outstanding results, as demonstrated in the European Landscape Award. However, what seemed to be an unsteady progress towards a common understanding of cultural landscape can still receive dramatic shocks. The Pandemic is one such shock which has just begun to be absorbed into landscape thinking, and now the cosy concept of national and regional landscape identities is shattered yet again, by invasion, immigration and displacement.","PeriodicalId":37671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)","volume":"15 1","pages":"47 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47708289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban Green Space Planning and Development in Urban Cities Using Geospatial Technology: A Case Study of Noida","authors":"Richa Sharma, Lolita Pradhan, Maya Kumari, P. Bhattacharya","doi":"10.2478/jlecol-2022-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2022-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Urban planning, with special attention to green space development, offers a relatively simple and low-cost solution to the impacts of climate change and urbanization faced by urban centres. The present work examines the spatial variability of availability of adequate sites for the development of urban green amenities in Noida city. Multi-criteria assessment of potential locations has been accomplished using Analytical Hierarchical Process coupled with geospatial technology. Urban land use, physiographic factors (slope and elevation), accessibility (proximity to roads), and presence of grey, green and blue amenities (Normalised Difference Built-up Index, Normalised Difference Vegetation Index and proximity to water bodies, respectively) are the seven key criteria used to derive the final green space suitability map. A total of 46.47 % of the land was found to be in the category of highly and moderately suitable for greening the city, highlighting the potential of developing different forms of green spaces in the area. Such holistic city scale analysis of availability of potential sites for green space development can be utilised by the city administrators and urban planners for future land use planning and improving the distribution and spatial connectivity of the green spaces in the city with the common goals of better health, a cleaner environment, and climate change mitigation.","PeriodicalId":37671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)","volume":"15 1","pages":"27 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45352590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Local Knowledge About Land Use Relevant to Landscape Planning in a Case Study Area in Lowland Slovakia","authors":"M. Dobrovodská, M. Moyzeová, P. Bezák, M. Mojses","doi":"10.2478/jlecol-2022-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2022-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Public perception and knowledge of land use changes, and preferences for future landscape development, can contribute to planning processes at different levels from the local to the national. Participatory processes and use of local knowledge are necessary for precise planning purposes and management of public affairs. This paper analyses the results of sociological research with regard to landscape development in Nová Vieska village in the Podunajská nížina lowland in Slovakia. The survey aimed to analyse the answers of local inhabitants and key stakeholders in the field of perception of land-use changes and their causes and biodiversity changes since 1990, as well as expectations of future land use and the driving forces of rural development. Local inhabitants were more likely to perceive changes in the productive parts of the study area (the decline of orchards and gardens, overgrowth of meadows and pastures, etc.), while key stakeholders perceived a broader range of changes in land use. According to the local inhabitants, the disintegration of cooperative farms was the main cause of the land use changes, and unsettled land ownership is the biggest obstacle to development of agricultural production. Key stakeholders cited economic, environmental (climate change) and social causes (ageing of population, change of life style, etc.) as the most important factors in land use change and they also perceived them as the most important obstacles for agricultural development. Local inhabitants (as well as key stakeholders) wished for an increase of the proportion of managed meadows and pastures, gardens, orchards, wetlands and non-forest vegetation, but they expect the opposite trend. The results confirmed that public knowledge of landscape development could provide substantial useful information for future development planning.","PeriodicalId":37671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)","volume":"15 1","pages":"61 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43071605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing Sensitivity of Diverse Tropical Biomes to Precipitation Consistent with the Expected Carbon Dioxide Fertilization Effect","authors":"Tenaw Geremew, A. Gonsamo, Worku Zewdie, P. Pellikka","doi":"10.2478/jlecol-2022-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2022-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Global environmental changes have implications for the terrestrial ecosystem functioning, but disentangling individual effects remains elusive. The impact of vegetation responses to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations is particularly poorly understood. As the atmospheric CO2 concentration increases, the CO2 acts as a fertilizer for plant growth. An increase in atmospheric CO2 reduces the amount of water needed to produce an equivalent amount of biomass due to closing or a narrowing of the stomata that reduces the amount of water that is transpired by plants. To study the impacts of climate change and CO2 fertilization on plant growth, we analyzed the growing season sensitivity of plant growth to climatic forcing from alpine to semi-desert eco-climatic zones of Ethiopia for various plant functional types over the period of 1982–2011. Growing season 3rd generation Normalized Difference Vegetation Index of Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies (NDVI) was used as a proxy of plant growth, while mean growing season precipitation (prec), temperature (temp), and solar radiation (sr) as the climate forcing. The sensitivities of plant growth are calculated as a partial correlation, and a derivative of NDVI with respect to prec, temp and sr for earliest and recent 15-year periods of the satellite records, and using a moving window of 15-year. Our results show increasing trends of plant growth that are not explained by any climate variables. We also find that an equivalent increase in prec leads to a larger increase in NDVI since the 1980s. This result implies a given amount of prec has sustained greater amounts of plant foliage materials over time due to decreasing transpiration with increasing CO2 concentration as expected from the CO2 fertilization effect on water use efficiency and plant growth. Increasing trends of growth in shallow-rooted vegetation tend to be associated with woody vegetation encroachment.","PeriodicalId":37671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Landscape Ecology(Czech Republic)","volume":"15 1","pages":"78 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46321801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}