Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology最新文献_第5页

Small plot surveying reveals high fungal diversity in the Ecuadorian Amazon – a case study 小块地调查揭示了厄瓜多尔亚马逊地区高度的真菌多样性——一个案例研究

Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5943/cream/11/1/2

G. Gates, P. Goyes, F. Gundogdu, J. Cruz, D. Ratkowsky

{"title":"Small plot surveying reveals high fungal diversity in the Ecuadorian Amazon – a case study","authors":"G. Gates, P. Goyes, F. Gundogdu, J. Cruz, D. Ratkowsky","doi":"10.5943/cream/11/1/2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/11/1/2","url":null,"abstract":"The diversity and ecology of macrofungi based on fruitbody collections in a small portion of a 25-year-old regenerating forest in tropical Ecuador was investigated over a period of 8 weeks. Maps are provided of the living trees of three 10 m x 10 m plots within the forest. All fungal fruitbodies within the plots were collected every third day, the major substrates being wood, litter and soil. There were 254 collections in total, representing 127 morphospecies of which 17 are Ascomycetes and 110 are Basidiomycetes. Wood supported the greatest number of species overall, but the mycota in the three plots of the study varied greatly, with one plot having twice as many species on litter as on wood. Using canonical analysis of principal components and permutational multivariate analysis of variance, the species assemblage in the plot with the greatest amount of standing and fallen wood was the most significantly different from the other sampling units. It is concluded that a detailed examination of even a small area can provide valuable information on the fungal diversity and assemblages of a forest. This is one of the few studies from Ecuador relating macrofungal diversity to forest structure.","PeriodicalId":37611,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75872340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Xerula radicata var. setosa var. nov. and three new records of the family Physalacriaceae, Agaricales from the Indian subcontinent 文章标题印度次大陆刺根芽孢菌及绒霉科三个新记录

Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5943/cream/11/1/18

N. Wani, MK Saini, N. Malik

引用次数: 1

Impact of sub-zero temperatures on the fungal community composition and diversity in short-term petroleum polluted temperate soils 低温对短期石油污染温带土壤真菌群落组成和多样性的影响

Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5943/cream/11/1/31

C. Okonkwo, J. Li, N. Liu

{"title":"Impact of sub-zero temperatures on the fungal community composition and diversity in short-term petroleum polluted temperate soils","authors":"C. Okonkwo, J. Li, N. Liu","doi":"10.5943/cream/11/1/31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/11/1/31","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is already altering the temperate ecosystems and as a result these ecosystems are now subjected to increased incidence of freezing and warming events. To understand the impact of sub-zero temperatures on the fungal communities in temperate soils, three soils namely clean natural soil (CNS), short term diesel oil polluted (SDS) and crude oil polluted (SCS) from a temperate region in Northern China were subjected to freezing and thawing temperatures ranging from –20 to 0C for 32 days. This study monitors and compares the changes in fungal community composition and diversity in clean and short-term petroleum polluted soils at specific temperature points (20, 0, –10 and –20C) during the laboratory-controlled freeze-thaw experiments. Structural analysis of the fungal community with 18S RNA gene analysis revealed that the sub-zero temperatures caused distinct shifts in the fungal phylum composition of the temperate soils during soil freezing phase and thawing phase respectively. The community in CNS was most responsive to the sub-zero temperature changes among the studied soil types. The thawing sub-zero temperatures were characterized by decreased community richness in the clean soil while the short-term polluted soils SDS and SCS increased in richness. Overall, our results established that the fungal community composition and diversity in the polluted soil types were more adaptable to the sub-zero temperature variations during soil freezing and thawing conditions when compared to those in the clean natural soil, suggesting that the native fungal communities present in the temperate soils with different contamination profiles displayed varying levels of cold survivability.","PeriodicalId":37611,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77695425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quality markers as a tool for evaluation of medicinal mushroom, cordyceps during bioprocessing and quality control 质量标记在药用蘑菇、冬虫夏草生物加工和质量控制中的应用

Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5943/cream/11/1/11

D. Sanyal, P. Dey

引用次数: 0

First report of myxomycetes in the karst forest of Minalungao National Park, Nueva Ecija, Philippines with updates on the limestone-inhabiting myxomycetes of the Philippines

Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5943/cream/11/1/17

MH Pecundo

{"title":"First report of myxomycetes in the karst forest of Minalungao National Park, Nueva Ecija, Philippines with updates on the limestone-inhabiting myxomycetes of the Philippines","authors":"MH Pecundo","doi":"10.5943/cream/11/1/17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/11/1/17","url":null,"abstract":"The karst forest landscape is a unique terrestrial ecosystem where myxomycetes have not been extensively studied. Herewith, we report the first formal listing and ecological assessment of myxomycetes on the limestone forest in Minalungao National Park, Nueva Ecija, Central Luzon, Philippines. The integrated field and moist chamber techniques gave a total of 318 identifiable fruiting bodies classified into 28 species and 14 genera, nine of which are recorded as rare, and five as abundant. Moist chambers with above-ground plant materials, i.e., aerial leaf litter and woody vines (78%) were more productive than the forest floor litter – twigs (72%) and ground leaf litter (63%). The species accumulation curve determined that 80% of the species were recovered from the area. We also determined the general taxonomic diversity (TDI = 2.07) and species diversity (HG = 4.86, HS = 0.91, FAI = 7.76, E = 0.37) of myxomycetes associated with the limestone forest habitat. However, among substrates, woody vines and twigs were the most “favored” substrates with the highest taxonomic and species diversity. Furthermore, Bray Curtis (BC) community analysis of myxomycete assemblages showed high similarities in species composition between similar types of microhabitats, i.e., between aerial and ground leaf litter and between woody vines and twigs. Our study provided baseline information on the composition of limestone-inhabiting myxomycetes and gives updates on the status of myxomycetes in limestone forests in the Philippines.","PeriodicalId":37611,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80980170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

First report of Fusarium redolens causing root rot disease of wheat and barley in Morocco 摩洛哥引起小麦和大麦根腐病的镰刀菌首次报道

Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5943/cream/11/1/19

S. Qostal, S. Kribel, M. Chliyeh, N. Mouden, MA El Alaoui, S. Serghat, A. Ouazzani Touhami, A. Douira

{"title":"First report of Fusarium redolens causing root rot disease of wheat and barley in Morocco","authors":"S. Qostal, S. Kribel, M. Chliyeh, N. Mouden, MA El Alaoui, S. Serghat, A. Ouazzani Touhami, A. Douira","doi":"10.5943/cream/11/1/19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/11/1/19","url":null,"abstract":"Field surveys carried out in wheat (durum and soft) and barley fields in April-May 2017 in North-West Morocco resulted in the isolation of a large number of fungal isolates from typical necrotic lesions characterizing the root rot of these cereals. Microscopic observations, based on morphological criteria linked an isolate of Fusarium oxysporum with an isolate of F. solani . Another Fusarium isolate ZF25, showed intermediate morphological characteristics between F. solani and F. oxysporum. Molecular comparisons showed the ZF25 and F. redolens to have a similarity of 99%. The sequence from this isolate was submitted to GenBank (accession number MT758201). Koch’s postulate was verified by inoculating these three isolates into varieties of wheat (hard and soft) and barley. All isolates induced necrotic lesions on the roots. Pathogen re-isolations from these lesions were positive. The percentages of the highest severity class S4 can reach 41.6% for wheat and 16.6% for barley. The percentages of incidences and indices of root rot observed in the wheat and barley plants inoculated with the three Fusarium isolates vary between 83.6 and 100% and between 58.3 and 70% respectively. These inoculation tests have shown that F. redolens has a strong pathogenicity towards wheat and barley. This species has not been reported in Morocco among the fungi associated with roots of barley and wheat and to our knowledge; this is the first report of this pathogen among the Fusarium complex responsible for root rot of these cereals.","PeriodicalId":37611,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76258966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bioprospecting of non-mycorrhizal endophytic fungi associated with ferns and mosses 蕨类和苔藓类非菌根内生真菌的生物勘探

Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5943/cream/11/1/30

AP Asiandu, A. Wahyudi, F. Ramadhan, H. Widjajanti

{"title":"Bioprospecting of non-mycorrhizal endophytic fungi associated with ferns and mosses","authors":"AP Asiandu, A. Wahyudi, F. Ramadhan, H. Widjajanti","doi":"10.5943/cream/11/1/30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/11/1/30","url":null,"abstract":"Endophytic fungi residing inside the host plant tissues may produce the same secondary metabolites as their host plants. They may have undergone coevolution and horizontal gene transfer with their host plants. Due to these processes, they may produce various kinds of chemical compounds that are important for new drugs. Scientists have successfully isolated endophytes from many higher plants. However, there are scarce reports on the biodiversity and potential of fungal endophytes associated with mosses and ferns. Mosses and ferns are highly diverse and found in all environments. They can also be used as traditional medicines. They produce some secondary metabolite compounds that have the potential for drug production. Thus, the lack of information on endophytic fungi associated with ferns and mosses opens up new opportunities for discovering new endophytic fungal species that have not been isolated. Also, this gap of knowledge provides an opportunity to obtain new types of chemical compounds from endophytic fungi associated with ferns and mosses that have essential potential. Therefore, we compile information on the various kinds of non-mycorrhizal endophytic fungi associated with ferns and mosses. The data used in this article are secondary and third-party data collected from some previous reports based on culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches. This review article aims to provide information about the biodiversity and bioprospecting of endophytic fungi associated with ferns and mosses in exploring and developing further research of endophytic fungi to obtain new drugs and industrial enzymes.","PeriodicalId":37611,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81841465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

– Diversity of endophytic fungi associated with Dillenia indica L., an ethnomedicinal plant ——民族药材水莲内生真菌的多样性

Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5943/cream/11/1/35

IB Prasher, V. Kumar

{"title":"– Diversity of endophytic fungi associated with Dillenia indica L., an ethnomedicinal plant","authors":"IB Prasher, V. Kumar","doi":"10.5943/cream/11/1/35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/11/1/35","url":null,"abstract":"Endophytic fungi are an important source of novel bioactive molecules having broad applications in agriculture, pharmaceutical and medical industries. In the present study, endophytic fungi were isolated from Dillenia indica L. and characterized on the basis of morphological and molecular approaches. Twenty-five different endophytic fungi belonging to twenty genera i.e., Curvularia lunata, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Alternaria alternata, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Bipolaris crotonis, Fusarium oxysporum, Chaetomium globosum, Trichoderma viride, Clonostachys rosea, Diaporthe phaseolorum, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Schizophyllum commune, Phomopsis sp., Colletotrichum gigasporum, Fomitopsis meliae, Fusarium brachygibbosum, Pseudofusicoccum adansoniae, Daldinia eschscholtzii, Nigrospora sphaerica, Xylaria longipes, Neopestalotiopsis clavispora, Alternaria tenuissima, Aspergillus fumigatus, Colletotrichum musae and Colletotrichum boninense were isolated and identified from different parts (leaves, fruits and stems) of Dillenia indica. To the best of our knowledge, Colletotrichum gigasporum is being reported for the first time from northwestern India and this is the first report on endophytic fungal diversity from Dillenia indica L.","PeriodicalId":37611,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84312766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Mycochemical screening, proximate nutritive composition and radical scavenging activity of Cyclocybe cylindracea and Pleurotus cornucopiae 白芍、白芍的真菌化学筛选、营养成分及自由基清除活性研究

Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5943/cream/11/1/3

Hrr Landingin, B. Francisco, R. Dulay, Sp Kalaw, R. Reyes

{"title":"Mycochemical screening, proximate nutritive composition and radical scavenging activity of Cyclocybe cylindracea and Pleurotus cornucopiae","authors":"Hrr Landingin, B. Francisco, R. Dulay, Sp Kalaw, R. Reyes","doi":"10.5943/cream/11/1/3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/11/1/3","url":null,"abstract":"This work evaluated the mycochemical and proximate composition analysis of the fruiting body extracts of Cyclocybe cylindracea and Pleurotus cornucopiae in order to determine its nutraceutical and pharmacological potential. Extracts of the two exotic mushroom species were obtained using ethanol. The DPPH radical scavenging activity and total phenolic content of the extract were also investigated. Both C. cylindracea and P. cornucopiae contained essential oil, triterpenes, anthraquinones, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, anthrones, fatty acids, alkaloids, steroids, sugars and coumarins. However, anthraquinones and flavonoids were not found in P. cornucopiae. In addition, C. cylindracea contains crude protein (13.5%), crude fat (1.52%), ash content (12.15%), moisture (10.68%), carbohydrates (62.15%) with 316.28 kcal energy value, and exhibits radical scavenging activity (40%) and total phenolic (41.08 mg GAE/g). On the other hand, P. cornucopiae had crude protein (11.98%), crude fat (1.32%), ash content (6.58%), moisture (9.07%), carbohydrates (71.05%) with 344 kcal energy value, and reveals radical scavenging activity (41.75% ) and total phenolic (39.63 mg GAE/g). Therefore, the two exotic species of mushrooms could be considered as healthy food source with pharmacological benefits.","PeriodicalId":37611,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89222769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Phytochemical distribution, antimicrobial activity, enzyme production of phylogenetically differentiated endophytes from Solanum violaceum Ortega fruits 堇菜果实内生菌的植物化学分布、抑菌活性及产酶研究

Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5943/cream/11/1/16

Á. Manasa, S. Moutusi, DC Mendez, P. Kiranmayee, M. Prasannakumar

{"title":"Phytochemical distribution, antimicrobial activity, enzyme production of phylogenetically differentiated endophytes from Solanum violaceum Ortega fruits","authors":"Á. Manasa, S. Moutusi, DC Mendez, P. Kiranmayee, M. Prasannakumar","doi":"10.5943/cream/11/1/16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/11/1/16","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present work is to isolate, identify endophytic fungi from edible fruits and to test the efficacy on nosocomial microbes. Healthy and asymptomatic unripe and ripe fruits of Solanum violaceum were studied for the presence of endophytes. Twelve endophytic fungi were isolated and identified on the basis of Internal Transcribed Spacer sequences. Screened the fungi for presence and absence of phytochemicals and enzymes; and antimicrobial activity of endophytes was studied by testing against human nosocomial pathogens. Diversity of fungal endophytes was more in ripe fruits as evidenced by diversity indices viz ., Simpson’s diversity (0.834) and Shannon– Weiner indices (H’- 0.474). Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, glycoside, gum and mucilage. Isolates produced amylases (33.33%), lipases (58.32) and asparaginase (80%) but not laccase and protease enzymes. Alternaria sp, Cladosporium tenuissimum , Mycosphaerellaceae sp., Curvularia beasleyi and Alternaria alternata showed activity against S. aureus , E. coli and K. pneumoniae . Curvularia beasleyi exhibited similar antifungal activity against C. albicans and C. tropicalis (20±2mm). Morphological changes of mycelia were noted after 96 h of treatment. To conclude, fungal endophytes might be potential agents for production of useful enzymes and to control microbes.","PeriodicalId":37611,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Environmental and Applied Mycology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74624987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1