{"title":"Edge-ground axes in Pleistocene Greater Australia: new evidence from S.E. Cape York Peninsula","authors":"M. Morwood, P. Trezise","doi":"10.25120/QAR.6.1989.138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25120/QAR.6.1989.138","url":null,"abstract":"Recent archaeological research on S.W. Cape York Peninsula indicates that edge-ground axes were in use in this region of north Australia before 32 k.y.a. Edge-grinding is one of the hallmarks of the Neolithic in Europe but the evidence now suggests that it may have been part of the technological repertoire of the earliest Aboriginal colonists in some areas of Australia-New Guinea. This paper discusses some of the implications of edge-ground artefact distribution and chronology in the region.","PeriodicalId":37597,"journal":{"name":"Queensland Archaeological Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"77-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69446947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Small unifacial pebble cores from Fraser Island, southeast Queensland","authors":"Ian J. McNiven, P. Hiscock","doi":"10.25120/QAR.5.1988.164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25120/QAR.5.1988.164","url":null,"abstract":"During the 1970's Lauer (1977, 1978) identified and collected numerous surface scatters of stone artefacts from Fraser Island in an attempt to reconstruct prehistoric Aboriginal activities. The assemblages which he recovered displayed a wide range of artefact forms, including some which had not previously been described. One class of artefact, which Lauer (1978:65-6) termed the \"pebblescraper\", has a distinctive morphology which he interpreted as a reflection of a woodworking function. In this paper we argue that many of these artefacts are cores made on small, thin pebbles, and that their morphology reflects an attempt by prehistoric knappers to effectively work small pieces of stone","PeriodicalId":37597,"journal":{"name":"Queensland Archaeological Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"161-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69446023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Developing a relative dating system for the Moreton Region: an assessment of prospects for a technological approach","authors":"P. Hiscock","doi":"10.25120/QAR.5.1988.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25120/QAR.5.1988.162","url":null,"abstract":"The imperative of dating sites rests uneasily upon the shoulders of Australian archaeologists. Despite the growing array of sophisticated physical and chemical techniques for estimating the age of objects, the most common archaeological site-type in Australia, the stone artefact surface scatter, remains generally difficult to date with any precision. During the 1960's and 1970's researchers focused their attention on stratified sites which could be dated by the conventional radiocarbon process, and thereby established a chronological framework for their studies. More recently a shift in interests, particularly towards the testing of demographic and settlement models, has made it inappropriate to restrict investigations to the small proportion of sites which are stratified. In this context there is an urgent need to develop some means to date artefact scatters. This paper assesses the prospects for constructing a system of dating artefacts in the Moreton Region by inferring the way in which they were made. Â","PeriodicalId":37597,"journal":{"name":"Queensland Archaeological Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"113-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69446127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Brooyar Rochshelter: a late Holocene seasonal hunting camp from southeast Queensland","authors":"Ian J. McNiven","doi":"10.25120/QAR.5.1988.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25120/QAR.5.1988.163","url":null,"abstract":"This paper details the results of an excavation undertaken at Brooyar Rockshelter, southeast Queensland during August 1987. The Rockshelter was excavated as part of a larger research project focused upon the adjacent coastal region of Cooloola (McNiven 1985). The excavation had two main aims. The first was to establish a chronological framework for backed blades in the Gympie-Cooloola region, thus providing insight into the antiquity of non-stratified open sites with backed blades in the region (e.g. sandblow sites at Cooloola - McNiven 1895:15, 26, 28) (cf. Hiscock 1986). The second aim was to obtain comparative information on subsistence activities located in the hinterland region of Cooloola.","PeriodicalId":37597,"journal":{"name":"Queensland Archaeological Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"133-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69446477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Platypus Rockshelter (KB:A70), S.E. Queensland: stratigraphy, chronology and site formation","authors":"Jay Hall, D. Gillieson, P. Hiscock","doi":"10.25120/QAR.5.1988.158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25120/QAR.5.1988.158","url":null,"abstract":"Platypus Rockshelter is an archaeological site within a double-chambered weathered cavity in conglomerate cliff on the Brisbane River some 60km from the city of Brisbane. It was originally recorded by Richard Robins in 1976 during archaeological impact work associated with the building of the huge Wivenhoe Dam on the Brisbane River just upstream from Fernvale. A small fossicker's hole revealed stratified cultural deposits which were considered to warrant salvage excavation before the site was drowned by the dam waters. This project was subsequently undertaken by J. Hall and archaeology students from the University of Queensland between November 1977 and July 1981. In 1985 the dam waters rose sufficiently to cover the site. This paper is the first of three in this issue of QAR which report the findings from Platypus Rockshelter and deals primarily with the site's stratification, chronology and formation.Â","PeriodicalId":37597,"journal":{"name":"Queensland Archaeological Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"25-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69445978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Platypus Rockshelter (KBA:70), S.E. Queensland: chronological changes in site use","authors":"Jay Hall, P. Hiscock","doi":"10.25120/QAR.5.1988.159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25120/QAR.5.1988.159","url":null,"abstract":"Platypus Rockshelter is a multicomponent archaeological site set into a conglomerate cliff on the Brisbane River near Fernvale, S.E. Queensland. Excavation revealed seven stratigraphic units in the smaller of two weathered cavities and these date from some 300 BP to younger than 540 BP. An abundance of bone, freshwater mussel shell, charcoal and a lesser amount of other organic material (e.g. feathers, hair, plants) was found associated with numerous stone artefacts. This good organic preservation, when linked with an internally consistent C14 dating series, a model of site formation and an initial understanding of site disturbance processes, makes it feasible to investigate variability in prehistoric human use of Platypus Rockshelter. Details concerning the site's complex stratigraphy, dating and site formation are the focus of a separate paper in this issue of QAR (Hall et al 1988). In accordance with the aims of the Moreton Region Archaeological Project - Stage II (Hall and Hiscock 1988), this companion paper presents data on the assemblage content and discard patterns in order to discuss changing site use during the Holocene. In particular we raise the issue of how the changing morphology of the shelter may have influenced the temporal pattern of cultural discard and follow with a discussion of how the nature of assemblages may be employed to tease out some factors relating to temporal changes in site use. We also offer the caveat that changes in the discard rate of cultural material through time do not necessarily reflect shifts in \"occupational intensity\".","PeriodicalId":37597,"journal":{"name":"Queensland Archaeological Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"42-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69446104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Moreton Regional Archaeological Project (MRAP) stage II: an outline of objectives and methods","authors":"Jay Hall, P. Hiscock","doi":"10.25120/QAR.5.1988.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25120/QAR.5.1988.157","url":null,"abstract":"The Moreton Region Archaeological Project (MRAP) was initiated as a long-term multi-stage regional project which sought to coordinate archaeological investigations being undertaken in S.E. Queensland. Since the project officially began in 1977 (see Hall 1980a), it has been successful in directing and integrating the work of numerous researchers, most of whom were students at the University of Queensland. MRAP is designed as a flexible research program comprised of three areal components (subcoastal zone, coastal zone and offshore island zone) and a number of stages. Stage I sought to identify the archaeological record of the study area and, through excavation and surface collection of materials from selected sites in all zones, develop a regional chronology and to identify patterns and questions relevant to the reconstruction of past settlement-subsistence patterns. This work was satisfactorily completed in 1987 and Stage II research, which essentially concerns the delineation and explanation of perceived changes in the region's archaeological record, has now been initiated. Thus, this paper, after setting the stage with a description of the environment and ethnohistory of the study area, summarizes the results of Stage I research and follows with a discussion of the objectives, methods, questions and approaches relevant to Stage II.","PeriodicalId":37597,"journal":{"name":"Queensland Archaeological Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"4-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69445812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Current Queensland archaeological research","authors":"M. Morwood, I. Davidson","doi":"10.25120/QAR.5.1988.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25120/QAR.5.1988.165","url":null,"abstract":"The Department of Archaeology and Palaeoanthropology has continued its extensive and intensive involvement in research, some of which concerns material from Queensland.","PeriodicalId":37597,"journal":{"name":"Queensland Archaeological Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"166-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69446038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Technological change at Platypus Rockshelter (KB:A70), southeast Queensland","authors":"P. Hiscock, Jay Hall","doi":"10.25120/QAR.5.1988.160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25120/QAR.5.1988.160","url":null,"abstract":"Platypus Rockshelter yielded a rich and varied assemblage of stone artefacts. In this paper we describe temporal change in the artefact assemblage and, by implication, prehistoric technology, concentrating particularly on the evidence for chert stoneworking. Readers are referred to accompanying papers by Hall et al (1988) and Hall and Hiscock (1988) in this volume of QAR for details of the stratigraphy and dating of the site. What is important to reiterate here is that the deposit provides a discontinuous sequence of occupation dating back to approximately 5300 years BP. This, plus the fact the radiocarbon samples were selected to date stratigraphic transition, means that the artefactual sequence is divided into a number of sharply-bounded analytical units, and change can be identified between but not within these units. The necessity for the cultural sequence to be subdivided in this way makes it likely that gradual changes in prehistory will be seen as episodic, and that each unit may be a compilation of a number of discrete occupation events (cf. Frankel 1988). Thus, while we employ strata as minimal units of comparison in the artefactual analysis, we make no assumptions about the uniformity within, and rate of change between, those units. The purpose of the paper is to characterize the long-term changes in the technology of the inhabitants of the site.","PeriodicalId":37597,"journal":{"name":"Queensland Archaeological Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"63-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69446359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Technological change at Bushrangers cave (LA:A11), southeast Queensland","authors":"P. Hiscock, Jay Hall","doi":"10.25120/QAR.5.1988.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25120/QAR.5.1988.161","url":null,"abstract":"Bushrangers Cave is the oldest mainland archaeological site so far discovered in the Moreton Region of southeast Queensland. Occupation began approximately 6000 years ago, at a time when the rising seas flooded Moreton Bay and reached their present levels. Several researchers have suggested that after the infilling of the Bay food resources were more plentiful, and that during the last 6000 years there was population growth and a restructuring of Aboriginal society (Hall 1982, 1986; Morwood 1986). At least some of these changes should be visible at Bushrangers Cave and Hall (1986:101) has argued that economic and social reorganization may be reflected in the procurement of stone material by the knappers who left stone artefacts in the cave. Indications that stone from the vicinity of the cave may have been transported some distance during the late Holocene raise similar possibilities (Bird et al 1987). Exploratory excavations and preliminary analysis of the recovered artefacts was reported by Hall (1986), who demonstrated that changes in artefact frequency and raw material type did occur. Further radiocarbon dates and more detailed investigations of the artefactual assemblage are presented in this paper. While a more complete understanding of the site will require the excavation of a larger area, the data described below enable some preliminary conclusions to be drawn about chronological change in stone procurement, stoneworking technology and the nature and intensity of occupation.","PeriodicalId":37597,"journal":{"name":"Queensland Archaeological Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"90-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69446020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}