Parks Pub Date : 2018-11-14 DOI: 10.2305/iucn.ch.2018.parks-24-2tmw.en

T. M. Wright, Braulio Andrade, F. Godoy, J. Hewson, E. Mendoza, J. Pinedo, K. Tabor

引用次数: 2

Spatio‐temporal analysis of illegal activities from ranger‐collected data in W National Park of Benin 贝宁W国家公园护林员非法活动的时空分析

Parks Pub Date : 2018-11-14 DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-2TBT.EN

Tchègoun B. Tchetan, A. F. Azihou, Gérard N. Gouwakinnou

{"title":"Spatio‐temporal analysis of illegal activities from ranger‐collected data in W\u0000 National Park of Benin","authors":"Tchègoun B. Tchetan, A. F. Azihou, Gérard N. Gouwakinnou","doi":"10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-2TBT.EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-2TBT.EN","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyses the spatio-temporal trends of illegal activities in W Biosphere Reserve of Benin in order to provide guidance for planning the patrol system. We used ranger-collected data on illegal activities in the reserve from 2012 to 2015. Illegal grazing is the most common illegal activity observed in the reserve (1,137 incidents), followed by poaching (469 incidents), agricultural encroachment (285 incidents) and logging (69 incidents). The distribution of these activities in the reserve is highly dependent on zones and also varies between seasons. Generally, incidents of illegal activities were more frequent during the non-hunting season than the hunting season because of flooding, impassability of tracks and closing of plant cover which limit patrol activities during the nonhunting season. From these findings, managers of the W National Park can identify high human pressure zones where ranger patrol efforts should be enhanced. We propose the use of emerging technologies such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles to better monitor these zones, especially during the non-hunting season when the reserve is practically inaccessible for rangers.","PeriodicalId":37571,"journal":{"name":"Parks","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45366883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Privately protected areas and biodiversity stewardship in South Africa: Challenges and opportunties for implementation agencies 南非私人保护区和生物多样性管理:执行机构面临的挑战和机遇

Parks Pub Date : 2018-11-14 DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-2DRW.EN

Dale R. Wright, Candice M. D. Stevens, D. Marnewick, G. Mortimer

{"title":"Privately protected areas and biodiversity stewardship in South Africa: Challenges\u0000 and opportunties for implementation agencies","authors":"Dale R. Wright, Candice M. D. Stevens, D. Marnewick, G. Mortimer","doi":"10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-2DRW.EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-2DRW.EN","url":null,"abstract":"Habitat loss and degradation are among the most pressing threats facing global biodiversity. Increasing the network of both protected areas and conservation areas is considered an important mechanism for conserving biodiversity and improving land management. Private land conservation and the establishment of privately protected areas has emerged as a cost effective tool for expanding the conservation estate. However, public and private institutions are limited in their financial and human capacity required to undertake this work. This research investigated the challenges facing the conservation agencies implementing the biodiversity stewardship initiative in South Africa, and the opportunities which may be leveraged to further strengthen these organisations. The research targeted practitioners and included a series of focus group discussions and an online questionnaire. Recommendations arising from this research are structured into four major themes: enhancing government–NGO collaboration; landowner partnerships; personnel capacity; and financial opportunities. A logic model to guide government–NGO collaboration is presented, along with a typology of the benefits and support mechanisms available to landowners involved in biodiversity stewardship. PLC initiatives must remain flexible in order to respond to changing socioeconomic conditions. This research is intended to help facilitate such flexibility in private land conservation and privately protected area programmes.","PeriodicalId":37571,"journal":{"name":"Parks","volume":"125 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41259797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Influence of environmental governance regimes on the capacity of Indigenous Peoples to participate in conservation management 环境治理制度对土著人民参与养护管理能力的影响

Parks Pub Date : 2018-11-14 DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-2TD.EN

Tom Duncan, Jaramar Villarreal-Rosas, J. Carwardine, S. Garnett, C. Robinson

{"title":"Influence of environmental governance regimes on the capacity of Indigenous Peoples\u0000 to participate in conservation management","authors":"Tom Duncan, Jaramar Villarreal-Rosas, J. Carwardine, S. Garnett, C. Robinson","doi":"10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-2TD.EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-2TD.EN","url":null,"abstract":"A range of international, national and local policy instruments and governance regimes acknowledge Indigenous and local people’s knowledge as a key platform for managing biodiversity and ecosystems, but translation of these commitments into negotiation of conservation priorities with appropriately empowered local communities remains inconsistent. Drawing on a review of conservation area management plans in Australian bioregions identified as having high potential for Indigenous engagement in threatened species management, we examined how the potential for local Indigenous communities to pursue their conservation objectives and the extent to which they are involved in management of significant species, cultural heritage and fire is influenced by different environmental governance regimes. We found that there is currently more scope for Indigenous communities to participate in cultural heritage management than in species or fire management, despite evidence that Indigenous communities seek to engage in managing all aspects of their traditional estates. Species management priorities in Indigenous-driven co-governance regime plans centre on culturally significant species rather than threatened species. We conclude that the current potential for local Indigenous communities to participate in conservation management on equitable terms depends upon the establishment of Indigenous-driven co-governance regimes, and argue that improving levels of engagement of Indigenous Peoples in agency governance regimes requires agencies to better recognise Indigenous worldviews in planning conservation approaches..","PeriodicalId":37571,"journal":{"name":"Parks","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44970059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Exposure of Park Management Staff in Victoria, Australia to Critical Incidents and Trauma: Rethinking Our Approach 澳大利亚维多利亚州公园管理人员对重大事件和创伤的暴露:重新思考我们的方法

Parks Pub Date : 2018-11-14 DOI: 10.2305/iucn.ch.2018.parks-24-2ae.en

Anthony English

{"title":"Exposure of Park Management Staff in Victoria, Australia to Critical Incidents and\u0000 Trauma: Rethinking Our Approach","authors":"Anthony English","doi":"10.2305/iucn.ch.2018.parks-24-2ae.en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2305/iucn.ch.2018.parks-24-2ae.en","url":null,"abstract":"Park management staff regularly respond to incidents in parks that can lead them to experience or witness trauma. These incidents include assaults, suicides, anti-social behaviour, search and rescue operations, wildfires, and deaths and serious injuries caused by accidents. Exposure can generate what is known as Critical Incident Stress. Staff are often first responders for many of these incidents but are not typically seen by their agencies as performing emergency service functions except when being tasked to fire or flood response. This paper explores how one agency, Parks Victoria, has approached managing staff exposure to trauma. It argues that historically, there has been a focus on the management and prevention of physical injuries in the workplace, and a tendency to restrict recognition of stress impacts on staff to those incidents tied to natural disasters such as wildfires. Numerous strategic actions to address this shortfall are suggested and explored. The discussion has relevance to other park management agencies and reflects the author’s experience working in park management in different parts of Australia over the last twentyfive years.","PeriodicalId":37571,"journal":{"name":"Parks","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43329030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Large‐scale expansion of marine protected area networks: Lessons from Australia 海洋保护区网络的大规模扩张:澳大利亚的经验教训

Parks Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-2JAF.EN

J. Fitzsimons, G. Wescott

{"title":"Large‐scale expansion of marine protected area networks: Lessons from\u0000 Australia","authors":"J. Fitzsimons, G. Wescott","doi":"10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-2JAF.EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-2JAF.EN","url":null,"abstract":"Australia was one of the first countries to declare a marine protected area (MPA) in 1879, but it was not until the 1960s and 1970s, in efforts to protect the Great Barrier Reef, that marine protection was considered in a concerted way. The more recent development of MPA networks (or systems) by governments in state, territory and national (Commonwealth) jurisdictional waters has again placed Australia in the global spotlight in MPA development. We assembled the experiences of MPA representatives from government agencies, non-government organisations, academia and industry (in the form of commissioned written book chapters) to describe various aspects of MPAs in Australia, from the history, successes and challenges in creating jurisdictional networks, to the science, economics and legal aspects of Australian MPA networks, to different sectoral perspectives. Key themes are discussed and include: 1) Marine protected areas are always contested (at first), 2) Jurisdiction-wide network declaration versus single MPA declarations, each have pros and cons, 3) For federal systems of government, coordination between the jurisdictions is important, 4) Fishery reserves as the first MPAs ‘muddy the waters’ for the objectives of modern MPAs, 5) A multitude of categories and zones and uses has also confused the MPA concept, 6) Multi-use versus no take: proving the benefits and the need for clear targets for each type, 7) Acknowledging the gap between pure science and realpolitik in the placement of MPAs, 8) Involvement of Indigenous communities in MPAs has been slower than for terrestrial protected areas but improving. The recent and substantial changes to the Australian Government’s historic 2012 declaration of a network of MPAs across its exclusive economic zone are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":37571,"journal":{"name":"Parks","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45527684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Hutan Harapan ecosystem restoration concession, Sumatra, Indonesia: a potential OECM? 印度尼西亚苏门答腊Hutan Harapan生态系统恢复特许权：潜在的OECM？

Parks Pub Date : 2018-07-23 DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-SIABU.EN

A. Utomo, Thomas A. Walsh

引用次数: 5

Comparing screening tools for assessment of potential ‘other effective area‐based conservation measures’ in Ontario, Canada 比较筛选工具评估潜在的“其他有效的基于区域的保护措施”在加拿大安大略省

Parks Pub Date : 2018-07-23 DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-SIPAG.EN

P. Gray, Deanna Cheriton, Noah Gaetz, Paul H. Lehman, J. Sherwood, T. Beechey, C. Lemieux

{"title":"Comparing screening tools for assessment of potential ‘other effective area‐based\u0000 conservation measures’ in Ontario, Canada","authors":"P. Gray, Deanna Cheriton, Noah Gaetz, Paul H. Lehman, J. Sherwood, T. Beechey, C. Lemieux","doi":"10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-SIPAG.EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-SIPAG.EN","url":null,"abstract":"Biodiversity conservation in formally recognized protected areas is the primary intent of Aichi Target 11. In addition to traditional protected areas, Target 11 recognizes a new mechanism, ‘other effective area-based conservation measures’ (OECMs). Since its inclusion in the Aichi Target 11 objective, the OECM category has created considerable confusion and debate, and few examples have been described to date. In this paper, we explore the capacity of OECM screening tools developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and the Canadian Council on Ecological Areas (CCEA) to evaluate two potential OECMs located in highly developed urban areas in southern Ontario, Canada. Results reveal that the two sites may qualify as ‘candidate’ OECMs. In a comparative analysis of the two screening tools, we determined that the CCEA’s tool faithfully integrates IUCN guidance and provides additional detail to help practitioners address unique ‘in-country’ social and ecological conditions. In a bio-geo-politically diverse world, the successful translation of high-level guidance into tools designed for application at unique localnational levels of decision-making is critical to successful biodiversity conservation.","PeriodicalId":37571,"journal":{"name":"Parks","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43929887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Rethinking nature conservation in Colombia: a case study of other effective area‐based conservation measures 重新思考哥伦比亚的自然保护:其他有效的基于区域的保护措施的案例研究

Parks Pub Date : 2018-07-23 DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-SICLM.EN

C. Matallana‐Tobón, M. Santamaría, A. Tapias, C. Solano, Sandra Galán

{"title":"Rethinking nature conservation in Colombia: a case study of other effective\u0000 area‐based conservation measures","authors":"C. Matallana‐Tobón, M. Santamaría, A. Tapias, C. Solano, Sandra Galán","doi":"10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-SICLM.EN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-SICLM.EN","url":null,"abstract":"In Colombia, a country of great cultural and ecosystemic heterogeneity, there are many conservation strategies beyond protected areas that stem from both legal frameworks and local territorial processes. After much debate, these have been termed Complementary Conservation Strategies (CCSs), and their identification and recognition are necessary to achieving the country’s conservation objectives. At the international level, under the leadership of the IUCN’s World Commission on Protected Areas, progress has been made in defining criteria to identify ‘other effective area-based conservation measures’ (OECMs), and the uptake of these guidelines by the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is expected during the next Conference of the Parties meeting (COP 14). In Colombia, we have run the draft criteria for OECMs against several case studies to identify the main similarities and differences. This paper presents in detail three CCS case studies that show whether and to what degree these include elements relevant to OECMs. The criteria and principal considerations regarding them are analysed. We conclude that, given the similarities, the international debate provides an opportunity to identify, recognise, report and enhance these strategies in Colombia.","PeriodicalId":37571,"journal":{"name":"Parks","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46742374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Indigenous effective area‐based conservation measures: conservation practices among the Dayak Kenyah of North Kalimantan 土著有效的基于地区的保护措施：北加里曼丹的Dayak Kenyah的保护实践

Parks Pub Date : 2018-07-23 DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2018.PARKS-24-SICE.EN

C. Eghenter

引用次数: 8

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