Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies最新文献

The Potency of Financial Inclusion for Income Inequality Reduction in BRICS Economies: Does Institutional Quality Matter? 普惠金融在金砖五国经济体中减少收入不平等的潜力：体制质量重要吗？

Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.1177/09749101241256095

O. G. Onatunji

{"title":"The Potency of Financial Inclusion for Income Inequality Reduction in BRICS Economies: Does Institutional Quality Matter?","authors":"O. G. Onatunji","doi":"10.1177/09749101241256095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09749101241256095","url":null,"abstract":"While the global economy has witnessed robust economic performance over the past few years, millions of households remain financially deprived. This indicates that universal access to financial services is critical for the global community to achieve the United Nations’ sustainable development goals (SDGs). Although there is a burgeoning body of literature on the nexus between financial inclusion and income inequality, empirical evidence on the contribution of financial inclusion and institutional quality to income inequality remains sparse. This research, therefore, examines the effect of financial inclusion and institutional quality on income inequality in Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) economies from 2004 to 2015. The empirical analysis employed the cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) and common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG) techniques to obviate cross-sectional dependency and heterogeneity concerns. The empirical outcome demonstrates that financial inclusion promotes income inequality reduction in BRICS economies in the long and short run. Additionally, improvements in institutional quality further enhance the accessibility and usage of financial services by financially excluded individuals, thereby fostering equitable income distribution in the BRICS countries. Based on these findings, BRICS economies need to increase their awareness of the available financial services, effective microfinance, financial capability, and infrastructural access in rural areas to improve financial inclusivity and thus promote equitable income distribution. JEL Classification D02, D33, E02, G21, O15","PeriodicalId":37512,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies","volume":" 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141371856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Outward FDI, Profit Shifting, and Its Impact on the Tax Payments of the Parent Firm: A Case of Indian Manufacturing Firms 对外直接投资、利润转移及其对母公司纳税的影响：印度制造业企业案例

Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1177/09749101241247114

Amal Krishnan, M. Padmaja

{"title":"Outward FDI, Profit Shifting, and Its Impact on the Tax Payments of the Parent Firm: A Case of Indian Manufacturing Firms","authors":"Amal Krishnan, M. Padmaja","doi":"10.1177/09749101241247114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09749101241247114","url":null,"abstract":"The study examines the links between India’s outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) and possible income-shifting activities by the parent firms. The exercise is undertaken by examining the impact of OFDI on parent firms’ tax payments, profitability, debt, and intangible assets. The study is driven by the observation that nearly 68% of India’s OFDI flows between 2008 and 2020 were directed to offshore financial centers (OFC). The study relies on the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) firm-level overseas direct investment data and the Prowess database. We employed the propensity score matching (PSM) technique in combination with the difference-in-difference method to investigate the post-investment effects. Results suggest that overseas investments have resulted in lower payment of corporate taxes, as well as indirect and direct taxes at home. Moderate negative effects were observed in the case of the profitability of the parent firm. On the contrary, OFDI resulted in higher debt levels, particularly for firms investing in OFC destinations. A positive impact on the firm’s intangible assets suggests that income shifting via relocation of intangible assets is not evident. The analysis calls for policies to counter the possible tax leakage at home due to firms investing overseas, especially in OFCs. JEL Classification F23, C14","PeriodicalId":37512,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies","volume":"63 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140983375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is Agricultural Production Responsible for Environmental Degradation in India? Implications for Sustainability Based on Panel Data Analysis 农业生产是印度环境退化的罪魁祸首吗？基于面板数据分析的可持续性影响

Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.1177/09749101241239107

Swati Sinha Babu

{"title":"Is Agricultural Production Responsible for Environmental Degradation in India? Implications for Sustainability Based on Panel Data Analysis","authors":"Swati Sinha Babu","doi":"10.1177/09749101241239107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09749101241239107","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to investigate the impact of agricultural production on environmental degradation in the case of India, an emerging market economy, based on time series data from 1990 to 2020. Methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions have been used as indicators of degradation. Autoregressive distributive lag bound tests examine the long-run cointegrating relationship among the variables. To investigate the existence of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) between agricultural production and CH4, N2O, and CO2, we used a fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) technique, and the robustness of the results of FMOLS were checked by dynamic ordinary least squares estimators. We also used Granger causality to check for unidirectional and bidirectional causalities. Results indicate an inverted U-shaped relationship in the case of both CH4 and N2O emission, thus confirming the EKC hypothesis. The relationship of CO2 emission with agricultural production does not verify the EKC hypothesis, and we find a U-shaped relation in the long-run. Lastly, policy measures have been suggested to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural activities that may help attain a more sustainable economy. JEL Classification Q1, Q22, Q23, Q53, C33","PeriodicalId":37512,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies","volume":" 422","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140682438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temperature Rising, Growth Descending: Climate Change Impacts on Asian Economies 气温上升，增长下降：气候变化对亚洲经济的影响

Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.1177/09749101241242214

Nikhil Kaushik, Ashish Sharma, Poornima Mishra, Sunil Kumar

引用次数: 0

Does Environmental Degradation and Renewable Energy Consumption Influence Health Outcomes?  Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa 环境退化和可再生能源消费会影响健康结果吗？来自撒哈拉以南非洲的证据

Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1177/09749101241238288

Keghter Kelvin Kur

引用次数: 0

Asymmetric Nexus Between  Industrial Production and Carbon Emissions: Empirics from  Sub-Saharan Africa 工业生产与碳排放之间的非对称关联：来自撒哈拉以南非洲的经验

Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.1177/09749101241238643

Abdallah Abdul-Mumuni, J. K. Amoh, Abubakar Musah

{"title":"Asymmetric Nexus Between \u2028Industrial Production and Carbon Emissions: Empirics from \u2028Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Abdallah Abdul-Mumuni, J. K. Amoh, Abubakar Musah","doi":"10.1177/09749101241238643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09749101241238643","url":null,"abstract":"While previous panel studies have focused on the linear specifications of the industrial production-carbon emissions nexus, nonlinear panel studies on this relationship remain thin on the ground. This article examines the asymmetric nexus between industrial production and carbon emissions in 30 selected Sub-Saharan African countries spanning from 1990 to 2019. In the presence of cross-sectional dependence, the second-generation unit root tests were applied to examine the unit-root properties. The cointegration tests results confirm the presence of a long-run relationship among the variables. Finally, we employed the panel nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag approach to estimate the coefficient values. Generally, the empirical findings demonstrate that industrial production asymmetrically influences carbon emissions both in the short and long-runs. Specifically, the long-run estimates indicate that a positive shock in industrial production of 1% induces an increase in carbon emissions by 0.213%, while a negative shock induces a 0.390% decrease in carbon emissions. Based on these results, there is a need for policymakers in the selected Sub-Saharan African countries to consider the asymmetric behavior of industrial production while formulating industrialization policies. These policies should also be based on the condition of adopting green technology forms of energy. JEL Classification O14, Q5, Q54","PeriodicalId":37512,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies","volume":"104 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140748773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy Costs andGreenhouse Gas Emissions of Giant Reed (Arundodonax L.) Production for Use as a Bioenergy Vector 生产用作生物能源载体的大芦苇（Arundodonax L.）的能源成本和温室气体排放

Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1177/09749101231223796

E. Santalla, Juan Ressia, V. Córdoba, Laura Lázaro

{"title":"Energy Costs andGreenhouse Gas Emissions of Giant Reed (Arundodonax L.) Production for Use as a Bioenergy Vector","authors":"E. Santalla, Juan Ressia, V. Córdoba, Laura Lázaro","doi":"10.1177/09749101231223796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09749101231223796","url":null,"abstract":"This study estimates the energy costs and greenhouse gas emissions for the production and the processing for thermal use of Giant reed ( Arundo donax L.), a second-generation perennial energy crop. The agronomic study took place in Buenos Aires (Argentina) under humid to subhumid climatic conditions. Rhizomes and in vitro micropropagated plantlets were employed and cultivated under both fertilization and rainfed conditions during 2018–2022. The yield demonstrated a substantial increase from 3.8 t/ha to 23.1 t/ha from implantation to crop setting. Throughout this period, the energy input escalated from 23 to 70 GJ/ha, with the planting phase exhibiting the highest energy intensity. This surge can be attributed to the use of herbicides, accounting for 44.1%–61.3% of the energy consumed. Energy outputs were 17 (±0.19) MJ/kg as the low heating value obtained from the biomass elemental composition. The net energy yield for the 10-year lifecycle resulted in 2851.3 (±20.2) GJ/ha, and the output/input ratio varied from 41 (for pellets) to 126 (for chips). Carbon emissions ranged from 343.9 (for plantlets) to 371.9 (for rhizomes) kg CO2e/ha during the implantation stage, resulting in 208.3, 397.6, and 859.6 kg CO2e/ha for chips, bales, and pellets, respectively. This study reinforced the knowledge about the farming of this energy crop and displayed a promising scenario for the sustainable development of the Arundo donax L. based value chain. JEL Classification Q4, Q43, Q56","PeriodicalId":37512,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies","volume":"263 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139858458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy Costs andGreenhouse Gas Emissions of Giant Reed (Arundodonax L.) Production for Use as a Bioenergy Vector 生产用作生物能源载体的大芦苇（Arundodonax L.）的能源成本和温室气体排放

Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1177/09749101231223796

E. Santalla, Juan Ressia, V. Córdoba, Laura Lázaro

{"title":"Energy Costs andGreenhouse Gas Emissions of Giant Reed (Arundodonax L.) Production for Use as a Bioenergy Vector","authors":"E. Santalla, Juan Ressia, V. Córdoba, Laura Lázaro","doi":"10.1177/09749101231223796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09749101231223796","url":null,"abstract":"This study estimates the energy costs and greenhouse gas emissions for the production and the processing for thermal use of Giant reed ( Arundo donax L.), a second-generation perennial energy crop. The agronomic study took place in Buenos Aires (Argentina) under humid to subhumid climatic conditions. Rhizomes and in vitro micropropagated plantlets were employed and cultivated under both fertilization and rainfed conditions during 2018–2022. The yield demonstrated a substantial increase from 3.8 t/ha to 23.1 t/ha from implantation to crop setting. Throughout this period, the energy input escalated from 23 to 70 GJ/ha, with the planting phase exhibiting the highest energy intensity. This surge can be attributed to the use of herbicides, accounting for 44.1%–61.3% of the energy consumed. Energy outputs were 17 (±0.19) MJ/kg as the low heating value obtained from the biomass elemental composition. The net energy yield for the 10-year lifecycle resulted in 2851.3 (±20.2) GJ/ha, and the output/input ratio varied from 41 (for pellets) to 126 (for chips). Carbon emissions ranged from 343.9 (for plantlets) to 371.9 (for rhizomes) kg CO2e/ha during the implantation stage, resulting in 208.3, 397.6, and 859.6 kg CO2e/ha for chips, bales, and pellets, respectively. This study reinforced the knowledge about the farming of this energy crop and displayed a promising scenario for the sustainable development of the Arundo donax L. based value chain. JEL Classification Q4, Q43, Q56","PeriodicalId":37512,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies","volume":"76 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139798663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 Pandemic and Household Entrepreneurship in Nigeria: Do Crises Create Necessity-driven and/or Innovative Entrepreneurship? 2019冠状病毒病大流行与尼日利亚家庭创业:危机是否创造了需求驱动型和/或创新型创业?

Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies Pub Date : 2023-10-29 DOI: 10.1177/09749101231196123

Bashir Adelowo Wahab, Adamu Jibir, Musa Abdu

{"title":"COVID-19 Pandemic and Household Entrepreneurship in Nigeria: Do Crises Create Necessity-driven and/or Innovative Entrepreneurship?","authors":"Bashir Adelowo Wahab, Adamu Jibir, Musa Abdu","doi":"10.1177/09749101231196123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09749101231196123","url":null,"abstract":"The need for promoting entrepreneurship stems from the efforts to provide long-lasting solutions to the challenges of poverty and unemployment. This becomes even more crucial in worldwide crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has not only had a momentous effect on businesses and economies but has also driven us to recognize the importance of entrepreneurship. This study explores the combination of important entrepreneurial and household factors that drive the growth of new businesses during and after the crisis. This study applies the Round 2 data from the Nigeria National Longitudinal Phone Survey Phase 2 conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics in collaboration with the World Bank between November 2021 and August 2022. The logistic regression model analyzes how job loss due to the pandemic correlates with the probability of household heads starting and operating an enterprise immediately after the pandemic and the probability for the existing household entrepreneurs to innovate. The findings show that necessity-driven entrepreneurship became effective immediately after the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria, and innovation and opportunity recognition were more relevant as success factors during periods of crisis than during regular times. This is because the crisis produced a new set of highly competitive and strategic entrepreneurs that quickly adapted to new situations or conditions through their innovative capacity. Several policy recommendations derived from the study’s empirical findings are discussed in the conclusion section of the article. JEL Classification I1, D1, L26, F44, C35, N97","PeriodicalId":37512,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies","volume":"19 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136134966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pension Fund Investments and Capital Market Development in Nigeria: The Moderating Role of Inflation 尼日利亚养老基金投资与资本市场发展:通货膨胀的调节作用

Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.1177/09749101231194194

Hyeladi Stanley Dibal, Habila Abel Haruna, Chinyere C. Onyejiaku, Ogbole Friday Ogbole, Josaphat Uchechukwu J. O nwumere

{"title":"Pension Fund Investments and Capital Market Development in Nigeria: The Moderating Role of Inflation","authors":"Hyeladi Stanley Dibal, Habila Abel Haruna, Chinyere C. Onyejiaku, Ogbole Friday Ogbole, Josaphat Uchechukwu J. O nwumere","doi":"10.1177/09749101231194194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09749101231194194","url":null,"abstract":"Pension fund investment is a significant source of finance for the capital market in Nigeria. It increases the availability of funds for firms to acquire for expansion, stimulating economic growth and development. However, high inflation rates can have a negative impact on the effectiveness of pension fund investment in the capital market in Nigeria. This study investigates whether inflation enhances or reduces the effect of pension fund investment on capital market development in Nigeria. Monthly time series data from January 2013 to February 2020 were utilized using the ARDL model. The findings revealed that pension fund investments have a long- and short-run effect on capital market development in Nigeria. Our study also established that inflation reduces the negative impact of total domestic debt securities on total market capitalization both in the long- and short-run, which is the novelty of this study. The study contributes to the Modern Portfolio Theory, thereby establishing the role of inflation in determining the effect of pension fund investment on capital market development in Nigeria. JEL Classification G10, G23","PeriodicalId":37512,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0