East African Journal of Forestry and Agroforestry最新文献

{"title":"Investigating the Constraints Limiting the Contribution of the National Cashew Producers Union (FO) in Improving the Productivity of the Cashew-Based Agroforestry Systems in Burkina Faso (West Africa)","authors":"Y. Coulibaly, S. Ouedraogo, G. Zombré","doi":"10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1365","url":null,"abstract":"The producer organisations contribute to improving agricultural productivity. This research investigated the constraints limiting the contribution of the national cashew producer’s Union (FO) in the productivity of the cashew-based agroforestry systems (AF) to help in the planning of future interventions for increasing AF productivity through FO. The study was conducted in the 04 main regions of cashew production. The data relating to the FO characterisation, operation, services and quality and new service delivery expected by the members were collected using the surveys through 33 individual producers and 118 producers through 7 focus groups totalling 151 respondents. The lack of communication, the low education level, the low memberships and memberships fees, the low women memberships, the lack of the supervisory board, the large geographical cover and producer members and the responsible selection method were the identified constraints related to the structure, characterisation and operation that could reduce the FO contribution in AF productivity. The FO services delivery contributes to AF productivity, but they need to be strengthened through providing new services such as producers’ access to credit, building the producers’ resilience to climate change, construction of storage facilities and increasing memberships for a greater impact on AF productivity. The FO should increase the service delivery related to group sales for FO to improve AF productivity. The results of this research could serve the actors interested in improving productivity through farmers’ groups in the planning of their future interventions for increasing AF productivity through the FO","PeriodicalId":373486,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Forestry and Agroforestry","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115005808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Tapping on Gum and Incense Yield of Selected Trees Species in Elwaye and Dhas Districts, Borana Zone, Southern Oromia","authors":"S. Ngetich","doi":"10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1334","url":null,"abstract":"Ethiopia is one of the Gum and Resin producing countries with a large potential. Borana pastoralists particularly utilised these resources as a source of revenue. The majority of Ethiopia’s gum-resin products are collected from natural oozing. In southern Ethiopia, improved tapping mechanisms are uncommon. This study was conducted to determine the effect of different tapping machines and tapping at different tree diameter classes on the gum and incense yields of selected tree species. Commiphora corrugata, Boswellia microphylla, and Boswellia neglecta tree species were selected for their potential existence and economic importance. A factorial experiment was arranged in a randomised complete block design (RCBD) in which three types of tapping materials including natural oozing and three levels of tree size (diameter classes) were used. Accordingly, materials (Panga, Axe, Sonki, and control) were applied at diameters of (5-8 cm, 8.1-11 cm and >11 cm) for a tree height below DBH (at < 130 cm) and above DBH (at >130 cm) on selected tree species while natural oozing was remained untapped and used as controls. Accordingly, the highest mean yield was recorded for trees tapped by axe (5.99 g/tree), followed by Sonki (5.01 g/tree) and bigger diameter class >11 cm (7.10 g/tree) for Commiphora corrugata. The highest mean yield was also obtained for trees tapped by axe (10.76 g/tree) in the first year and (43.71 g/tree) in the second year and bigger diameter class >11 cm (15.16 g/tree) in the first year and (47.81 g/tree) in the second year for Boswellia microphylla. Moreover, the highest mean yield was recorded for naturally oozing trees (6.16 g/tree) and bigger diameter class >11 cm (6.33 g/tree) for Boswellia neglecta. Tapped trees generally provided significantly higher yields than untapped or control trees, and frankincense yield increased with increasing tree size","PeriodicalId":373486,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Forestry and Agroforestry","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123049601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (Sorghum) Vigour at Juvenile Stage in Agroforestry Parklands Systems According to a Climatic Gradient in Burkina Faso (West Africa)","authors":"Y. Coulibaly, G. Zombré","doi":"10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1329","url":null,"abstract":"Agroforestry parklands, due to their dependency on rainfall remain vulnerable to climate change. This research assessed a rainfall gradient effect on sorghum height to evaluate its vigour for formulating recommendations to maintain and/or improve crop productivity in agroforestry parklands under climate change. Studied agroforestry parklands consisted of an association of Sorghum with Vittelaria paradoxa C. F Gaertn (Karite) and Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) Benth (Nere) at sites located in Burkina Faso’s three climatic zones. Sorghum height was higher at lower rainfall. Higher sorghum height was associated with Karite at all the studied sites. It was higher at low rainfall for both tree species. Sorghum height increased from the zone under canopies to outside canopies associated with both tree species. For all zones, sorghum height was higher in association with Karite. The lowest sorghum height was in the first zone under canopies at all the studied sites, while for all zones, sorghum height was higher at low rainfall. The sorghum growth rate was higher in association with Karite, lower in the first zone under canopies and higher at low rainfall. The sorghum growth rate increased with the increase in the number of days after sowing at all the sites, in all the zones and under both tree species. The risk of sorghum production loss could be important in agroforestry parklands under high rainfall due to reduced vigour, and this risk could be reduced under low rainfall. Promoting Karite in agroforestry parklands could enhance sorghum vigour and reduce the risk of sorghum production loss under climate change in the Sahel. It could be recommended farmers avoid cultivating Sorghum in the zone nearest to the tree trunk in agroforestry parklands.","PeriodicalId":373486,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Forestry and Agroforestry","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128771295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterisation of Forest Resources and the Local Communities for the Choice of Sustainable Forest Management Strategies in Uganda","authors":"Jimmy Rhombe Alule, Expedito Nuwategeka, G. Oriangi","doi":"10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1305","url":null,"abstract":"The decline in natural forest resources in the tropics due to ineffective management practices has reached unprecedented levels with the most affected forests being in developing countries. Efforts to manage these resources sustainably have proven futile. Understanding the nature and status of the forest resources and the communities is crucial for devising effective management strategies. The study was designed to characterise forest resources and the local communities to aid in the choice of effective management strategies for forest resources. The study was conducted in Yumbe district, northwestern Uganda, using a cross-sectional research design. It targeted communities living in the sub-counties of Kei, Kerwa, and Midigo. Data were collected using questionnaires, key informant interviews, focus group discussions, participant observations, and remote sensing. Pearson correlation and regression were used to analyse quantitative data, while thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative data. The correlation p-values (Sig.) of less than .05 were statistically significant, implying a strong relationship between socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of households and the choice of forest management strategies. The results further showed that the local communities were poor, illiterate, and dependent on subsistence farming and forest resources. The forest resources both in public and communal lands were in a state of serious decline. They were non-timber-based, accessible to the local community and dominated by woodland and other grassland mosaics. The local community used sustainable management practices, such as selective harvesting, tree planting, and gazetting some sites as sacred places. The management strategies used were forest type-specific, e.g., traditional for community forests and modern for public forests. The most important factor influencing the choice of management strategy was the level of education with an R Square value of .112. The study, therefore, recommends an improvement in the education of the local communities and the integration of local skills and practices to promote community-based approaches in sustainable forest resource management.","PeriodicalId":373486,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Forestry and Agroforestry","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133944344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Alley Cropping with Selected Leguminous Multipurpose Tree Species on Maize Production and Soil Fertility at Abaya District, West Guji Zone, Southern Oromia, Ethiopia","authors":"Sisay Taye, Siraj Kelil","doi":"10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1302","url":null,"abstract":"Agroforestry as a dynamic ecologically-based natural resources management system that through the integration of trees on farms and in the agricultural landscape diversifies and sustains production for increased socio-economic and environmental benefits. Among those, alley cropping is one of the agroforestry practices which is growing food crops between hedgerows of planted shrubs and trees, preferably leguminous species. A study was conducted to evaluate the contributions of alley cropping for improving maize yield and to evaluate the role of alley cropping for soil fertility improvement in the study area. Susbania sesban and Cajanus cajan trees/shrubs were selected for their potential to improve soil fertility (nitrogen fixing) and have other uses such as fodder. The experiment was designed with four treatments and laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications (block) along the slope gradient. The size of a sampling units (a plot) for each treatment were 20 m x 13 m and the distance between treatments (plots) was 2 m, while; the distance between blocks were 3 m. Alley crop was designed in doubled alley per study plot and the size of an alley crop was 20 m x 5 m. The selected variety of maize (Gibe 2) was sown between alleys of trees/shrubs with recommended spacing of 25 cm and 75 cm between plant and rows of maize respectively. Soil samples were collected and analyzed to evaluate the change made to soil fertility improvement. As a result, a significant difference among arrangements of maize alley cropping in grain yield was observed at (P<0.001). The highest total grain yield was obtained from maize sown with recommended fertilizer (5.16 ton/ha) in 2018 cropping season and maize grown in between alley of Cajanus cajan (4.33 ton/ha) in 2019 cropping season. The soil chemical properties under the alleys plots improved compared to control plots. Positive changes in the soil fertility in terms of soil organic C, total N, soil pH, available K, and exchangeable Ca, Mg and CEC of the top soil layer were detected in alley cropping system. Tree/shrub species of Cajanus cajan seemed to be better than Susbania sesban in improving soil health. Accordingly, it is recommended to grown maize with recommended application of fertilizer and in between alleys of Cajanus cajan tree/shrub species as it has multipurpose importance.","PeriodicalId":373486,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Forestry and Agroforestry","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131107773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allometric Equation for Aerial Carbon Estimation (AGC) of Rhizophora racemosa and Avicennia germinans Mangroves of Olende and Ozouri in the Ogooué Delta in Gabon","authors":"Igor Akendengue Aken, M. Okanga-Guay, M. Abaker, Estelle Dumont, Silas Davy Mbadinga Boubala, Lauriss Ngombi‐Pemba, A. Nieguitsila","doi":"10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1228","url":null,"abstract":"The global carbon is determined by forests at 45%. Mangroves sequester more carbon per area unit than the dry land forest. The carbon sequestration capacities of mangroves in the Ogooue Delta are still unknown. Thus, this study aims to set up a carbon estimation equation for the species Rhizophora racemosa and Avicennia germinans of the Ogooué Delta mangroves in Gabon. Data was collected in 25 m * 25 m square plots in four sites. The dendrometry parameters collected were mainly diameter at breast height (DBH) with a forest meter and height from the laser rangefinder. The individual basal area and volume of each tree was determined using the Husch et al. (2003) method. This resulted in a fractal-shaped equation of the type: y=αxβ, i.e., AGC = 0.000112*DBH2.466 with a determination rate of 96%, a relative bias of 0.007 and an RMSE of 1.2. This model was developed with a dataset of 47 individuals and validated with 41 individuals, i.e., 53% versus 47%. This study also allowed us to understand that the DBH structure of Ozouri and Olendé mangroves is stable without external disturbance","PeriodicalId":373486,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Forestry and Agroforestry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131113376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Deforestation on the Status of Soil Fertility","authors":"Nigus Tekleselassie Tsegaye, Derejie Adugna Negewo, Shambel Teshome Mitiku","doi":"10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1183","url":null,"abstract":"In Ethiopia, the soil's physicochemical composition is frequently altered through the transformation of natural forests to farmland, vast pastureland, and cultivated areas. Understanding the effect of deforestation on soil fertility is the main goal of this review. Farmland, grazing land, land for other uses, and unmanaged forests are the different land use types that were taken into account. This evaluation takes into account features of the soil, such as bulk density, soil texture, and soil physical characteristics, particularly soil moisture content. Contrarily, the chemical characteristics of the soil, such as pH, EC, CEC, soil organic carbon, total N, and accessible P, are taken into account when comparing the various land uses. In forestlands, there were greater levels of clay, Acidity, cation exchange capacity, exchangeable Ca2+, and the amount of organic matter and total nitrogen in the soil.  Clay, available phosphorus, and exchangeable K+ were all higher in cultivated land while exchangeable Mg2+ was highest in grazing land. Sand, clay, soil organic matter, cation exchange capacity, exchangeable Ca2+, and Mg2+ all showed a greater mean difference in cultivated land compared to grazing land and forestland","PeriodicalId":373486,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Forestry and Agroforestry","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127797007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trend and Current Status of Forest Resources in the Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia: A Review","authors":"D. Alem","doi":"10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1143","url":null,"abstract":"Ethiopia is endowed with diverse forest resources. Amhara National Regional State, one of the administrative regions in Ethiopia, has diverse ecology and is endowed with diversified flora and fauna. Forest resources in the region provide various uses and services to the local community. But the forest resources of the region have faced huge devastation due to high human and livestock pressure. As a response, efforts have been made to conserve and develop the forest resources of the region. However, there is a lack of comprehensive information about the current status and trend of forest resources in the region. This review provides the current status and trend of forest resources in the region based on a literature search from different sources. The review showed that the overall forest resource of the region decreased over time, despite the expansion of plantation forests. Most of the natural forest resources of the region disappeared and remnants are found in church compounds and other forest conservation areas. Plantation forests in the region are dominated by exotic tree species, majorly Eucalyptus. Most important non-timber forest products have been neglected, and modern forest development interventions are lacking. This review paper is indispensable for decision-makers, academicians, development, and research institutions to direct their focus toward developing technologies and information for the sustainable development of the forest resources in the region. Appropriate forest management and utilization practices have to be implemented for the sustainability of the forest resources in the region. Since the forest resource in the region is under dynamic change, regularly updating and providing information on its current status is imperative for timely and proper decision-making","PeriodicalId":373486,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Forestry and Agroforestry","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133506993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validating the Viability of Melia volkensii Stored Seeds and Nuts in Promoting Nature-Based Enterprises and Conservation in Drylands, Kenya","authors":"Rufo Gano Jillo, M. Okeyo, B. Kamondo, Jane Njehu, Arnold O. Mosongo","doi":"10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1131","url":null,"abstract":"The development and supply of superior germplasm are important for promoting tree planting. Kenya has lost many tree seed sources through deforestation, land degradation, forest encroachment and conversion of agricultural land to housing. Nevertheless, limited access to tree seeds of high quality is the major constraint to sustainable tree production in Kenya and proper information on the storability of extracted seeds needs to be improved. Melia volkensii tree species is highly valued in the drylands of Kenya for tremendous roles in social-economic, ecological, and environmental protection and conservation. This experiment aims at determining the viability test of Melia seeds stored as nuts over one year and the effect they will have on seed germination. Furthermore, the research investigates the conducive environment that would favour the storage of Melia seeds to improve their viability status. The experiment showed that Melia seeds stored at room temperature and a temperature of 4 degrees centigrade had higher germination capacities compared to Melia seeds stored at a temperature of -20 degrees centigrade. The peak average germination speed was 2.11, with a germination value of 3.99. Significant (p-value ≤ 0.001) differences were observed in the germination capacities between Melia stored as seeds and nuts for the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh germinations (p-value ≤ 0.05). From the study, Melia stored as seeds at a temperature of 4 degrees centigrade had the highest marginal germination capacity. This study provides the best information for the storage and handling of Melia seeds in maintaining their viability","PeriodicalId":373486,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Forestry and Agroforestry","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121419542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coffee Shade Tree Selection Criteria and Management Techniques in Smallholder Coffee-Based Agroforestry System in Gomma Woreda, Southwest of Ethiopia","authors":"Zerfu Deresu Wariyo, Derejie Adugna Negewo","doi":"10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1126","url":null,"abstract":"To maintain the balance of productivity and increase coffee yield in the coffee agroforestry system, understanding the selection and management practices of shade trees is crucial. The purpose of this study was to examine shade tree selection factors and farmers management methods in a smallholder coffee-based agroforestry system in Gomma woreda, south-west Ethiopia, along an elevation gradient. Upper, middle, and lower gradients of the elevation were stratified, and two villages were randomly chosen from each elevation group. A total of 115 households were selected for interviews to examine coffee shade tree management practices and selection criteria. Moderated interviews that included both closed- and open-ended questions were administered. The information was gathered on the farmer's understanding and practice with regard to coffee shade tree selection and management. Result found that there is no correction  between respondents  age, sex and coffee shade management practices in study site. Farmers preferred both indigenous and exotic shade tree species such as 20% Cordia africana, 20% Albizia gummifera, 19%Croton macrostachyus, 5.2% Persea americana, 13% Grevillea robusta, and 3.5% Mangifera indica for coffee shade. Shade tree selection was based on tree height, origin, leaf size, shade quality, and leaf decomposition rate attributes.. Farmers also valued coffee shade trees for other additional ecosystem goods and services such as fruit, timber, construction wood, soil fertility maintenance, fodder, soil, and water conservation. Coffee shade tree provided both economic re-turn and biological conservation in study site.","PeriodicalId":373486,"journal":{"name":"East African Journal of Forestry and Agroforestry","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125632110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}