Arboriculture & Urban Forestry最新文献_第10页

Effect of Nursery Production Method, Irrigation, and Inoculation with Mycorrhizae-Forming Fungi on Establishment of Quercus Virginiana 苗圃生产方法、灌溉和接种菌根形成真菌对弗吉尼亚栎成活率的影响

Arboriculture & Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2001.005

E. Gilman

{"title":"Effect of Nursery Production Method, Irrigation, and Inoculation with Mycorrhizae-Forming Fungi on Establishment of Quercus Virginiana","authors":"E. Gilman","doi":"10.48044/jauf.2001.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2001.005","url":null,"abstract":"Live oak (Quercus virgpiiana) trees were grown to about a 2.5 in. (6 cm) caliper in various container and field production systems, then transplanted to a landscape with and without mycorrhizae-forming spores under two irrigation regimes. Trees grew at nearly the same rate in the nurseries, regardless of production method. However, root distribution was altered. Low-profile, air root-pruning containers had less roots on the outside surface of the root ball than did traditional plastic containers. Application of mycorrhizae- forming fungi to the backfill soil at planting in a landscape had no impact on live oak the first 30 months after planting. However, nursery production method and irrigation frequency following planting had a huge influence on tree survival. Irrigating 2.5 in. (6 cm) caliper live oak for only 6 weeks after planting in spring in a slightly drier than normal year resulted in 43% tree death rate. Irrigating twice each week through the first summer after planting in spring kept all trees alive. Under limited irrigation conditions, trees from containers died sooner and more trees died than field-grown, B&B trees. Root-pruned, field-grown, B&B trees survived better than all others following transplanting. Trees planted from all nursery production methods survived and grew similarly, provided they were irrigated regularly through the first growing season. Under limited irrigation, landscape managers would obtain the most live trees by planting root-pruned, fieldgrown, B&B nursery stock.","PeriodicalId":373407,"journal":{"name":"Arboriculture & Urban Forestry","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123869645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 43

The Influence of Compaction and Soil Strength on the Establishment of Four Australian Landscape Trees 压实和土壤强度对四种澳大利亚景观树形成的影响

Arboriculture & Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2001.001

Karen D. Smith, P. May, G. Moore

{"title":"The Influence of Compaction and Soil Strength on the Establishment of Four Australian Landscape Trees","authors":"Karen D. Smith, P. May, G. Moore","doi":"10.48044/jauf.2001.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2001.001","url":null,"abstract":"Two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that trees able to establish in urban soils will have a higher-than-average tolerance to the higher mechanical impedance and soil strength of compacted soils. Experiment 1 tested the ability of the roots of Corymbia metadata (spotted gum, syn. Eucalyptus maculata), Lophostetnon confertus (brush box), Corymbia ficijolia (red flowering gum, syn. Eucalyptus ficifolia), and Agonis flexuosa (willow myrtle) seedlings to penetrate a sandy loam soil compacted to bulk densities of 1.4 and 1.8 mg • m~3 at 13% gravimetric moisture content. While roots of all species were able to penetrate the soil at the higher bulk density, total root penetration depth was reduced by 60% in all four species. Experiment 2 tested the ability of Corymbia maculata and C. ficijolia to penetrate soil compacted at bulk densities 1.4, 1.6, and 1.8 mg • m~3 at two moisture levels, 7% and 10% gravimetric moisture. At 7% moisture, both species were able to penetrate soil compacted to 1.4 and 1.6 mg • rrr3, but neither species was able to successfully penetrate soil compacted to 1.8 mg • m\"3. At 10% moisture, both species were able to penetrate soil compacted to 1.4 and 1.6 mg • m~3. They also were able to successfully penetrate soil compacted to 1.8 mg • nr3, although with significantly less depth of penetration than at the two lower bulk densities.","PeriodicalId":373407,"journal":{"name":"Arboriculture & Urban Forestry","volume":"6 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130822329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 35

Tree Moisure Stress and Insect Damage in Urban Areas in Relation to Heat Island Effects 城市树木水分胁迫和昆虫危害与热岛效应的关系

Arboriculture & Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2001.002

B. Cregg, M. Dix

引用次数: 103

Effect of Vegetation Maintenance of an Electric Transmission Right-Of-Way on Reptile and Amphibian Populations 输电路权植被维持对爬行动物和两栖动物种群的影响

Arboriculture & Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2001.004

R. H. Yahner, W. C. Bramble, W. R. Byrnes

{"title":"Effect of Vegetation Maintenance of an Electric Transmission Right-Of-Way on Reptile and Amphibian Populations","authors":"R. H. Yahner, W. C. Bramble, W. R. Byrnes","doi":"10.48044/jauf.2001.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2001.004","url":null,"abstract":"A 2-year study of reptile and amphibian populations was conducted on a 230-kV transmission line right-of-way (ROW) of GPU Energy in the Allegheny Mountain Physiographic Province, Centre County, Pennsylvania, U.S., from June through October 1998 and March through October 1999. The objective was to compare the diversity and relative abundance of reptiles and amphibians between the ROW versus the adjacent forest, among five treatment units on the ROW, and between wire and borders zones on treatments on the ROW. Nine species were recorded during the study, with the three most common species being redback salamanders (Plethodon cinereus), northern redbelly snakes (Storeria occipitomaculata occipitomaculata), and northern ringneck snakes (Diadophis punctatus edwardsii). All nine species occurred on the ROW, but only redback salamanders and Jefferson salamanders (Ambystoma jeffersonianum) were found in the adjacent forest. The diversity and relative abundance ranged from six species in the stem-foliage unit to three species in the handcutting unit. Eight and six species, respectively, were noted in the wire and border zones of the ROW. However, 81% of the observations in wire zones were those of snakes, whereas 85% of the observations in border zones were salamanders. The ROW contained a much more diverse community of reptiles and amphibians than the adjacent forest. Forest-management practices can have negative impacts on populations of amphibians and reptiles. Thus, this study provides important information on forest-management practices required for the conservation of reptiles and amphibians.","PeriodicalId":373407,"journal":{"name":"Arboriculture & Urban Forestry","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129166267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

The Dendro-Psychoses of J.O. Quantz J.O. Quantz的树突精神病

Arboriculture & Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2001.006

R. Sommer

引用次数: 2

Differential Feeding by Adult Japanese Beetles on Foliage of Birch (Betula) Species and Hybrids 成虫对桦木(桦木)种及杂交品种叶片的差异摄食

Arboriculture & Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2001.003

Frank Santamour Jr.

引用次数: 1

Replacement of Trees Under Utility Wires Impacts Attitudes and Community Tree Programs 更换电线下的树木会影响人们的态度和社区植树计划

Arboriculture & Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2000-11-01 DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2000.038

D. E. Flowers, H. Gerhold

{"title":"Replacement of Trees Under Utility Wires Impacts Attitudes and Community Tree Programs","authors":"D. E. Flowers, H. Gerhold","doi":"10.48044/jauf.2000.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2000.038","url":null,"abstract":"Opinions of people in 54 Pennsylvania municipalities who received trees through the Municipal Tree Restoration Program (MTRP) were surveyed, and progress in their tree programs also was evaluated. All municipal tree program components, such as ordinances, tree commissions, inventories, and management plans, were stimulated by the MTRP to varying extents in one or more ways in 91% of the municipalities. Responses from residents showed high approval for removal of large trees that interfered with utility wires, though some did miss them, and for replacement with smaller-growing cultivars of Amelanchier, Crataegus, Malm, Pyrus, and Syringa. Responses across all genera indicated that 82% liked the planted trees, 77% thought they improved the neighborhood, and 69% favored removal of the large trees when they were replaced by smaller trees. Only 8% greatly regretted the removals and 3% offered negative comments about the removal of large trees or replacement with smaller species. Comments about likes and dislikes were mainly about tree characteristics and varied among genera. The most common complaints were about messy fruit, and the best-liked qualities were flowers and other aesthetic traits. There was little variation in attitudes among communities, three of which differed from the others in their opinions about Malus cultivars, which seemed to relate mainly to the nature of the trees and their fruit.","PeriodicalId":373407,"journal":{"name":"Arboriculture & Urban Forestry","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123474649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Pathogenicity of Cytospora Fungi on Six Hardwood Species 细胞孢子真菌对六种阔叶树的致病性

Arboriculture & Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2000-11-01 DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2000.040

J. B. Kepley, W. Jacobi

{"title":"Pathogenicity of Cytospora Fungi on Six Hardwood Species","authors":"J. B. Kepley, W. Jacobi","doi":"10.48044/jauf.2000.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2000.040","url":null,"abstract":"Cytospora canker is a serious fungal disease of many shade, fruit, and ornamental tree species in the urban forest, orchards, and nurseries. Because Cytospora species are difficult to identify and their host ranges are poorly understood, it is not known if disease occurrence on one host poses a threat to other host species. Cytospora isolates were collected from aspen (Populus tremuloides) (Cytospora chrysosperma), green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) (Cytospora pruinosa), Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila) (Cytospora sacculus), alder (Alnus spp.) (Cytospora umbrina), cottonwood (Populus spp.) (Cytospora chrysosperma), and multi- and singlestemmed willow (Salix spp.) (Cytospora fugax). These isolates were inoculated into drought-stressed aspen, green ash, Siberian elm, thinleaf alder (A. tenuifolia), eastern cottonwood (P. deltoides), and single-stemmed willow. Ash, alder, and elm isolates were host specific. Aspen and cottonwood isolates were pathogenic only on aspen and cottonwood trees. Isolates from multi-stemmed willows caused cankers on aspen only and not single-stemmed willows. However, Cytospora spp. isolates collected from a single-stemmed willow were pathogenic on trees cloned from that willow. Water potential, as a covariate, did not explain variation in canker size among trees. Thus, Cytospora fungi that are host specific may not be a threat to other nearby tree species.","PeriodicalId":373407,"journal":{"name":"Arboriculture & Urban Forestry","volume":"306 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122417028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 47

Assessing Residents' Willingness to Pay to Preserve the Community Urban Forest: A Small-City Case Study 评估居民对保护社区城市森林的支付意愿:一个小城市的案例研究

Arboriculture & Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2000-11-01 DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2000.039

A. Lorenzo, C. Blanche, Y. Qi, Malcolm M. Guidry

{"title":"Assessing Residents' Willingness to Pay to Preserve the Community Urban Forest: A Small-City Case Study","authors":"A. Lorenzo, C. Blanche, Y. Qi, Malcolm M. Guidry","doi":"10.48044/jauf.2000.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2000.039","url":null,"abstract":"Residents' willingness to pay for community urban forest preservation was assessed using a survey questionnaire mailed to 3,009 households in the city of Mandeville, a suburb of New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. Survey responses indicated the following: 1) residents' willingness to pay for urban forest protection and preservation is positively associated with their perceptions of the benefits of trees but negatively associated with their perceptions of the annoying features of trees; 2) the willingness to pay a higher premium (>$12) for tree preservation and protection is directly related to income levels; 3) more female than male respondents are willing to pay $6 to $12 per year for tree preservation but more male than female respondents are willing to pay more than $12 per year for tree preservation; 4) age, level of education, and type of residential ownership are not significantly associated with willingness to pay for tree preservation and protection; 5) more than 80% of respondents view the protection and preservation of urban trees as very important functions of the city and are willing to pay additional taxes for tree protection and preservation; and 6) more than 88% of respondents rate the city's overall performance in tree protection and maintenance as good to excellent. The survey results may find utility in crafting more effective support programs for urban tree protection and preservation.","PeriodicalId":373407,"journal":{"name":"Arboriculture & Urban Forestry","volume":"93 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127978956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 93

Transplanting Success of Balled-And-Burlapped Versus Bare-Root Trees in the Urban Landscape 成捆与裸根树木在城市景观中的移栽效果

Arboriculture & Urban Forestry Pub Date : 2000-11-01 DOI: 10.48044/jauf.2000.037

M. Buckstrup, N. Bassuk

{"title":"Transplanting Success of Balled-And-Burlapped Versus Bare-Root Trees in the Urban Landscape","authors":"M. Buckstrup, N. Bassuk","doi":"10.48044/jauf.2000.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2000.037","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, 40-mm-caliper (1.5-in.) balledand- burlapped (B&B) and bare-root (BR) hackberry (Cdtis occidentalis), American hophornbeam (Ostrya virginiana), and swamp white oak (Quercus bicolor) were paired and planted on sites throughout the city of Ithaca, New York. Half of the trees were planted in fall, half in spring. BR trees received a hydrogel root dip at the nursery to prevent post-harvest root desiccation. Survival rates were excellent for all treatment combinations except spring-planted BR hophornbeam, which experienced 50% mortality. Growth measurements were taken in August of the first and second growing seasons. First-year results showed many significant differences between treatments. By the end of the second growing season, however, very few significant differences in growth responses between treatments persisted. During the first growing season, fallplanted BR hackberry grew better than fall-planted B&B hackberry. Growth on spring-planted hackberry was better on B&B trees. Fall-planted hop-hornbeam responded equally well B&B and BR, but spring-planted hophornbeam grew better B&B. Swamp white oak grew somewhat better B&B than BR, regardless of season. Both B&B and BR swamp white oak planted in fall grew somewhat better than their spring-planted counterparts. A separate study on swamp white oak looked at the impact of withholding irrigation on spring-planted, paired B&B and BR trees. B&B and BR swamp white oak trees performed equally well after two growing seasons characterized by drought.","PeriodicalId":373407,"journal":{"name":"Arboriculture & Urban Forestry","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133770518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 36

Arboriculture &amp; Urban Forestry最新文献

Arboriculture & Urban Forestry最新文献