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Procurement, Reduction, and Use of Lithic Technology from ca. 9500–11,800 Years Ago at Niidhaayh Na’, Central Alaska 阿拉斯加中部Niidhaayh Na约9500 - 11800年前的石器技术的获取、还原和使用
PaleoAmerica Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/20555563.2021.1932073
Briana N. Doering, Julie Esdale, Senna D. Catenacci
{"title":"Procurement, Reduction, and Use of Lithic Technology from ca. 9500–11,800 Years Ago at Niidhaayh Na’, Central Alaska","authors":"Briana N. Doering, Julie Esdale, Senna D. Catenacci","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2021.1932073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2021.1932073","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The middle Tanana Valley near Fairbanks, Alaska has been the subject of nearly a century of archaeological research focused on the earliest inhabitants of the region. Recent research at Niidhaayh Na’ (XBD-110) provides new information about human behavior and technological organization at the Pleistocene-Holocene transition. This multicomponent site is located on the Delta moraine and overlooks Delta Creek (Niidhaayh Na’). The results of the first seasons of full-scale excavation research at the site, begun in 2017, reveal two lithic workshops dating to ca. 11,800 and 9500 calendar years ago, associated with core fragments, tools, debitage, and intact faunal remains. Future research at the site will advance archaeological understandings of human adaptive decision-making during the late glacial period in central Alaska, with implications for our understanding of the first Americans and human behavior more generally.","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":"7 1","pages":"211 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20555563.2021.1932073","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45906931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Envisioning a Western Clovis Ritual Complex 设想一个西方克洛维仪式综合体
PaleoAmerica Pub Date : 2021-06-16 DOI: 10.1080/20555563.2021.1933334
M. Sutton
{"title":"Envisioning a Western Clovis Ritual Complex","authors":"M. Sutton","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2021.1933334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2021.1933334","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT It is becoming increasingly apparent that the initial migrants into the Americas arrived via the Pacific coastal route prior to the inception of the Clovis complex. It further appears that these initial immigrants had non-Clovis technology and a generalized (or broad spectrum) economy with little use of the megafauna in their midst. Once developed, Clovis, marked by a different lithic technology, quickly spread over most of the Americas as far south as Panama, and is associated with the exploitation of proboscideans. This begs the question of why these animals were not exploited by the apparently earlier people. It is speculated herein that the seemingly abrupt appearance of Clovis, its focus on proboscideans, and its sudden demise reflects the appearance of a technologic and organizational system focused on the ritual exploitation of mammoths operating within preexisting Paleoindian societies, herein called the Western Clovis Ritual Complex.","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":"7 1","pages":"333 - 364"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20555563.2021.1933334","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41505493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Clovis Technology is not Unique to Clovis 三叶草技术并非三叶草独有
PaleoAmerica Pub Date : 2021-05-22 DOI: 10.1080/20555563.2021.1890402
M. Eren, D. Meltzer, Brian N. Andrews
{"title":"Clovis Technology is not Unique to Clovis","authors":"M. Eren, D. Meltzer, Brian N. Andrews","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2021.1890402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2021.1890402","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We previously showed that stone-tool technological attributes thought to be unique to the Clovis period were present in a radiocarbon and OSL dated middle Holocene-age stratum at Goodson Shelter, Oklahoma (Eren et al. 2018a. “Is Clovis Technology Unique to Clovis?” PaleoAmerica 4:202–228). Consequently, we argued that technological attributes alone should not be used to assign assemblages to Clovis times. Huckell, Haynes, and Holliday (2019. “Comments on the Lithic Technology and Geochronology of the Goodson Rock Shelter.” PaleoAmerica 6:131–134) proposed two alternative hypotheses: that material we identified as Clovis-like was not, or that it was Clovis but had been mixed with younger deposits. They called for more information on the Clovis-like assemblage at Goodson, and additional dating of the site's lowest deposits. We provide that information, which confirms that stone-tool technologies ostensibly unique to Clovis were indeed in use in the middle Holocene.","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":"7 1","pages":"226 - 241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20555563.2021.1890402","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41802209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Assessing the Validity of Mojave Desert Lake Mohave and Silver Lake Projectile-Point Types 莫哈韦沙漠、莫哈韦湖和银湖弹丸点类型的有效性评价
PaleoAmerica Pub Date : 2021-04-08 DOI: 10.1080/20555563.2021.1894380
E. Knell, M. Hill, M. Sutton
{"title":"Assessing the Validity of Mojave Desert Lake Mohave and Silver Lake Projectile-Point Types","authors":"E. Knell, M. Hill, M. Sutton","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2021.1894380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2021.1894380","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study uses univariate and multivariate statistical analyses to assess whether Lake Mohave and Silver Lake projectile points from the Mojave Desert of western North America are statistically discrete, recognizable, and valid types. Univariate analyses run on 400 Lake Mohave and Silver Lake points reveal significant differences in six linear and three angle measures, though overlapping measurements pose difficulties for differentiating the types. To address the problem of overlapping measurements, multivariate principal components and discriminant function analyses were employed to statistically define groups of related attributes. Size- and shape-based attributes of the stem distinguish approximately 80% of the sample to type and reveal region-wide consistency among archaeologists who have classified these points to type. Though this study did not entirely overcome the challenge of using metrics to differentiate Lake Mohave from Silver Lake points, key discriminating variables are now better defined and the types deemed valid.","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":"7 1","pages":"242 - 259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20555563.2021.1894380","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45811555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dental Morphology of Naia, a Late Pleistocene Human from Mexico and the Sinodont/Sundadont Issue 墨西哥晚更新世人类Naia的牙齿形态与sinodon /Sundadont问题
PaleoAmerica Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/20555563.2021.1895531
A. Cucina, Elma Maria Vega Lizama, J. Chatters
{"title":"Dental Morphology of Naia, a Late Pleistocene Human from Mexico and the Sinodont/Sundadont Issue","authors":"A. Cucina, Elma Maria Vega Lizama, J. Chatters","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2021.1895531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2021.1895531","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The dental morphology of the earliest Americans is poorly known, partly because existing data are largely unpublished and partly because dental wear is typically extreme in the few complete dentitions available. The remains of Naia, a 13,000–12,000 year-old young woman from Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula, possess a complete dental record in perfect condition, offering the unique opportunity to record the dental morphology of an early Paleoindian and a chance to address the long-standing debate about whether these first people exhibited Sundadont or Sinodont dental morphology. As an individual, her dentition would fit comfortably in the Sinodont grouping. However, when she is included in the population of North American skeletal remains that can be confidently placed before ∼9000 years ago, a different pattern emerges. The Paleoindians fall neatly between the two dental patterns, suggesting that the founding North American population exhibits a dental pattern of its own, independent of its east Asian relatives.","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":"7 1","pages":"145 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20555563.2021.1895531","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42993786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Rise and Fall of Alice Boer: A Reassessment of a Purported Pre-Clovis Site Alice Boer的兴衰：对一个被挖掘的前克洛维斯遗址的重新评估
PaleoAmerica Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/20555563.2021.1894379
Astolfo G. M. Araujo, J. C. Moreno de Sousa, Letícia C. Correa, J. Feathers, M. Okumura
{"title":"The Rise and Fall of Alice Boer: A Reassessment of a Purported Pre-Clovis Site","authors":"Astolfo G. M. Araujo, J. C. Moreno de Sousa, Letícia C. Correa, J. Feathers, M. Okumura","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2021.1894379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2021.1894379","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this paper we present a review of previous research carried out at the Alice Boer site coupled with new data regarding its lithic industry and ages. Our data suggest that the site, once believed to be at least 14,000 years old, most probably was occupied no earlier than 8000 years ago. The lithic material, comprising both bifacial and unifacial formal artifacts, can be associated to the Rioclarense industry. This industry is now well described and was dated elsewhere (at Caetetuba site) as early Holocene. Therefore, in spite of not being as old as originally thought, Alice Boer can be considered to relate to the late Paleoamerican occupation of South America from a cultural point of view.","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":"7 1","pages":"99 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20555563.2021.1894379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42186140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The First Fishtail Point Find in Piauí State, Northeastern Brazil: Significance and Hypothesis 巴西东北部Piauí州首次发现鱼尾点:意义与假设
PaleoAmerica Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/20555563.2020.1868750
E. Böeda, Nora Flegenheimer, Sibeli Viana, M. Gluchy, Antonio Pérez, M. Ramos, N. Guidon
{"title":"The First Fishtail Point Find in Piauí State, Northeastern Brazil: Significance and Hypothesis","authors":"E. Böeda, Nora Flegenheimer, Sibeli Viana, M. Gluchy, Antonio Pérez, M. Ramos, N. Guidon","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2020.1868750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2020.1868750","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Here we report a newly discovered Fishtail, or Fell 1, projectile-point type, from Coronel José Dias, southern Piauí, northeastern Brazil. It is an almost complete bifacial piece on light local silex. In Brazil, Fishtail points have not been previously reported in detail north of the 22° S parallel. Hence, this new evidence importantly establishes human occupation of extreme northeast of South America during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition.","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":"7 1","pages":"181 - 186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20555563.2020.1868750","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45483787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
In Memoriam: Remembering the Scientists We Lost in 2020 记忆中：缅怀2020年我们失去的科学家
PaleoAmerica Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/20555563.2021.1904165
T. Goebel, S. González, M. Kornfeld, M. Larson, Aleksei Tetenkin
{"title":"In Memoriam: Remembering the Scientists We Lost in 2020","authors":"T. Goebel, S. González, M. Kornfeld, M. Larson, Aleksei Tetenkin","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2021.1904165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2021.1904165","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In 2020, the international and interdisciplinary field of the peopling of the Americas lost three giants: George C. Frison, José C. Jiménez López, and Yuri A. Mochanov. We join their families, friends, and colleagues in the USA, Mexico, Russia, and elsewhere across the Americas and northeast Asia in mourning their deaths and celebrating their lives and accomplishments.","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":"7 1","pages":"93 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20555563.2021.1904165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46384348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Antelope Springs: A Folsom Site in South Park, Colorado 羚羊泉:科罗拉多州南方公园的福尔松遗址
PaleoAmerica Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/20555563.2020.1857541
Matthew T. Boulanger, Robert J. Patten, Brian N. Andrews, Michelle R. Bebber, Briggs Buchanan, Ian A. Jorgeson, G. L. Miller, M. Eren, D. Meltzer
{"title":"Antelope Springs: A Folsom Site in South Park, Colorado","authors":"Matthew T. Boulanger, Robert J. Patten, Brian N. Andrews, Michelle R. Bebber, Briggs Buchanan, Ian A. Jorgeson, G. L. Miller, M. Eren, D. Meltzer","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2020.1857541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2020.1857541","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Antelope Springs Folsom locality is located near Trout Creek Pass, which connects South Park, a high elevation basin in the Rocky Mountains, with the headwaters region of the Arkansas River. The pass is also the source of an eponymous jasper that dominates the small, surface collection of Folsom points, preforms, tools, and debitage we report on here. The Antelope Springs assemblage was focused on the reduction and replacement of a stone tool kit. There does not appear to have been a substantial Folsom-age presence in South Park, although based on other Folsom sites where Trout Creek jasper occurs, and least-cost paths of travel through the southern Rocky Mountains, South Park and Trout Creek Pass may well have been regularly traversed between Middle Park and San Luis Valley, areas that had a more significant Folsom presence.","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":"7 1","pages":"114 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20555563.2020.1857541","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47644679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Folsom Point Diggings: The Johnson Site in the Foothills of Larimer County, Colorado 福尔松点挖掘:科罗拉多州拉里默县山麓的约翰逊遗址
PaleoAmerica Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/20555563.2021.1893957
Jason M. LaBelle, Kelton A. Meyer, R. Sumner
{"title":"Folsom Point Diggings: The Johnson Site in the Foothills of Larimer County, Colorado","authors":"Jason M. LaBelle, Kelton A. Meyer, R. Sumner","doi":"10.1080/20555563.2021.1893957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2021.1893957","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Johnson site is a Folsom occupation in Larimer County, Colorado. T. Russell Johnson discovered the site in 1935, which led to excavations by the Colorado Museum of Natural History in 1936 and later work in 1960 by the University of Wyoming. Little is known of the site due to limited reporting of the excavation and the Folsom assemblage. Our examination of the site collections gathered between 1935 and 1936 reveals an assemblage of 96 items, consisting of Folsom points, preforms, and channel flakes, as well as other tools including end scrapers, gravers, bifaces, and flake tools. Technological analysis of the Folsom points and byproducts of hunting-tool production suggests that site occupants fluted and finished points made from preforms of non-local materials, while additional tools and a few points were made from materials locally available in the Front Range foothills. As such, Johnson represents at minimum a hunting-weaponry-replacement locale.","PeriodicalId":37319,"journal":{"name":"PaleoAmerica","volume":"7 1","pages":"162 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/20555563.2021.1893957","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41382933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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