International Journal of Intelligence, Security, and Public Affairs最新文献

{"title":"On the Role of Traditional Ethnic Minority Culture in Reshaping International Order","authors":"Haowei Sun","doi":"10.11648/j.ipa.20230701.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ipa.20230701.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intelligence, Security, and Public Affairs","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86709206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Analysis of the Detente Period in the Cold War","authors":"Nikita Bansal","doi":"10.11648/j.ipa.20230701.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ipa.20230701.12","url":null,"abstract":": The 1970s détente was a significant era in world history after the cold war since it marked the beginning of the fall of the Soviet bloc and the end of the rise of Soviet communism. Detente is a French term that means \"relaxation of tension”. The actions of the Soviet Union during the era of détente were not part of any coherent policy but rather represented an expansion of the conservative ideological system instituted by Leonid Brezhnev. However, the Soviet Union was unable to fully benefit from détente. The overextension of the Soviet Union in the Third World and the increasing dependency on global trends laid the groundwork for the eventual collapse of the Soviet Union a decade later. This is termed the disintegration of the USSR in 1991. This paper aims to discuss the reasons for adopting the detente period which was the failure of the USA in the Vietnam war, the Cuban missile crisis and many more and the forms of cooperation between the two super blocs which are SALT I and SALT II treaties which talks about the nuclear arms control between the two superpowers. This paper also highlights the Helsinki Final Act and the ten principles adopted in the act.","PeriodicalId":37210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intelligence, Security, and Public Affairs","volume":" 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72379887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Algeria's Reservation to CEDAW on the Freedom of Muslim Women","authors":"Khouatra Samia","doi":"10.11648/j.ipa.20230701.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ipa.20230701.11","url":null,"abstract":": It is well established that the international community, and particularly Western society, follows the belief that women, especially Arab Muslims, do not enjoy a measure of freedom, for the reason that they are not considered to have de facto equality with men in rights before duties. This has resulted in suffering regarding all forms of blatant discrimination and this is not in line with the principles preached by the human rights advocated by international organizations and conventions. The latter clearly necessitated the enactment of a convention guaranteeing women's freedom through equality between the rights of women and men and the elimination of all discrimination between them. All this aforementioned discrimination and lack of freedom resulted in the Convention on Elimination. On this basis, the rationale of the present research paper and its objectives aim to shed light on the issue of women's empowerment regarding their rights at both, the level of international conventions as well as legal texts. In addition to this, the Algerian legislator had attempted to reconcile with the provisions of the Convention on the Elimination of all forms such as Discrimination against Women whether through the rules of family law or those rules that are derived from Islamic law.","PeriodicalId":37210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intelligence, Security, and Public Affairs","volume":"2016 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87822090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Role of Local Community Participation in Minimizing Corruption at Wolaita Sodo Town","authors":"Tamirat Dela, Takele Teshome Somano, Sintayehu Shirge Olato","doi":"10.11648/J.IPA.20210502.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IPA.20210502.13","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of the study was to assess the role of public participation in reducing corruption in the town of Wolaita Sodo. The researcher used a mixed study of quality and quantity methods. To address the purpose of research. Also, the researcher used a randomized testing procedure and a purpose that arises from the possibilities and opportunities of random sampling strategies. The researcher took 40 samples from the study area to gather the necessary information on the research topic. The findings of this study highlight various types of corruption perpetrated by local government officials such as bribery, discrimination, fraud and abuse of power and more. reducing corruption. The public did not attend various meetings at this meeting. Even if the public has asked to attend, they are not holding any kind of meeting at the request of the government. Based on field research data 100% of respondents and informants say that corruption enables the public to participate in politics and development programs that members of the public are unable to participate in political meetings and development programs due to the spread of corruption. People have contributed a lot to various projects such as roads, clean water supply and other infrastructure. The data collected was analyzed statistically and qualitatively, and as a means of analyzing data strategies such as times, percentages and the researcher attempted to present his or her conclusion. response-based recommendations and important data such as those used.","PeriodicalId":37210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intelligence, Security, and Public Affairs","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89845471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geopolitics in Indian Ocean Region: Through the Indian Lens","authors":"A. Yadav","doi":"10.11648/J.IPA.20210501.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IPA.20210501.17","url":null,"abstract":"This paper attempt to analyse the dynamics of the changing relations between the countries in the Indian Ocean region. Globally, the Indian Ocean Region holds a very crucial place due to its geo strategic importance. The struggle for power and to get a better hold of the region through which the major portion of the world trade passes through, the power rivalry is at its zenith. As new relations and groups emerge, the old powers and relationship which dominated the region in the past are fading. The emergence of India and China as the new economic giants has entirely changed the power dynamics in the Indian Ocean region. The rivalry between America and China turned the situation more critical. The resurgence of the QUAD grouping in the recent times against the dominance of the china in the region is a very bold and critical step at this juncture of time when in the third decade of the 21st century the world is grappling with a deadly coronavirus pandemic on one side and China trying to turn the 21st century into the Chinese century on the other side. The warm and friendly relations between India and America also turned out as irritant for the china. The article diagnoses the interaction between different rising and fading superpowers in the backdrop of geopolitics in the Indian ocean.","PeriodicalId":37210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intelligence, Security, and Public Affairs","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90621452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Politics of Opposition in Post - 2005 Ethiopia: Challenges and Prospects in the Case of National Political Parties","authors":"Simeneh Bires Belete","doi":"10.11648/J.IPA.20210501.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IPA.20210501.16","url":null,"abstract":"The paper examines the Politics of Opposition in post - 2005 Ethiopia: Challenges and prospects in the case of national opposition political parties. 2005 is selected because opposition parties were able to secure more votes than ever before in this election. To address the objectives of the study, the researcher employed qualitative approach with case study design and used primary and secondary data sources. The primary data was collected through semi-structured interviews and secondary sources such as books newspapers, other scholars’ works and different documents also used. The data collected from the primary and secondary data sources were discussed and analyzed thematically based on the emerged themes from participants response. Hence, this case study aimed to explore the experience of these parties in the politics of opposition by focusing on challenges, and prospects in post- 2005 National elections. National parties were selected purposefully since they were active in Ethiopian politics of opposition in the country. Political parties exhibited weakness internally and faced challenges externally. But most opposition parties externalize their overall weakness. This has its impacts on Ethiopian politics of opposition and political process of the country. The study found that opposition parties do have internal and external challenges which affect their activities and do have impacts on political process of the country. Parties are less institutionalized, fragmented, absence of membership commitment and parties’ leaders’ time limit. They also faced challenges from the incumbent party, media and from other institutions of the country. Given research gaps in the domain, this study will help to improve the political culture, democratic system and politics of opposition of the country.","PeriodicalId":37210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intelligence, Security, and Public Affairs","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76041870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP) Towards COVID-19: A Cross-sectional Study in Kenya","authors":"Waiguru Muriuki, Brian Muriithi, Grace Kihika","doi":"10.11648/J.IPA.20210501.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IPA.20210501.15","url":null,"abstract":"Covid-19 is a severe acute respiratory disease that has rapidly spread across the world from the first case that was reported in China in December 2019. The main symptoms of a person infected with corona virus are fever, dry cough, shortness of breath, fatigue, dyspnea and myalgia. One of the main tool employed to control the pandemic is providing the community with correct information about the disease. High knowledge, right attitude towards Covid-19 and are adhering to suggested practices is the most effective approach to control community transmission. It is against this background that this study sought to assess Covid-19 knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) among Kenyans. An online cross- section survey was used to collect data between July 26-31, 2020. From the findings, 9.1% of the respondents indicated that their relatives, friends or themselves had contracted Covid-19. There is high knowledge of Covid-19 in Kenya, with 83.97% (82.4, 85.54) aware of its symptoms and preventative measures. With regard to containment of the disease, 55% are optimistic than measures instituted by Kenyan government will eventually control its spread. Daily MoH briefing (56%) and mainstream media (55%) are the main and trusted sources of information about Covid-19. Despite, most persons indicating they wore mask and washed hands while in crowded place, 60% indicated other people were not observing the measures. Gender, age group, education level and occupation influence the Covid-19 knowledge level.","PeriodicalId":37210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intelligence, Security, and Public Affairs","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84675157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Capacities in Nonviolent Communication to Change Perceptions and Addressing Root, Proximate and Tertiary Causes of Ethiopia's Tigray Crisis","authors":"R. Obuyi","doi":"10.11648/J.IPA.20210501.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IPA.20210501.13","url":null,"abstract":"The postponement of the Ethiopia’s August 2020 elections (owing to COVID surge) has been said to be the beginning of the Ethiopia November 4 Violence between Tigrayan groups and the national defense forces. Other reasons cited include the mutation of the conflict from a struggle for territorial expansion into a class struggle. Ethnic federalism and a reaction of the massive oppression and exploitation of the people of Ethiopia are also cited as probable reasons for the Conflict. The contribution of leading scholars in influencing the existing literature highlighting to conflict has been not without a decry that they have overtime dominated the field oblivious of the need to promote the participation of young minds in such contribution. The U.S. Institute of Peace Generation Change Fellows-Youth Advisory Council provides a platform through which youth provide thought leadership and amplify their voices in peace building. The author, a member of the YAC, Kenya chapter, provides a detailed overview of the genesis and state of the Ethiopia conflict but moves ahead to provide strategic guidance on how nonviolent communication can be used to improve relations and achieve sustainable peace. This article is largely a desk review, convening thoughts from key C/PVE, International relations and security experts from the horn of Africa and beyond. The thoughts have been corroborated, compared, and contrasted but most importantly analyzed into critical lessons and recommendations for a better situation for Ethiopia. Excerpts from the views of the experts denote variated factors leading to the Tigray conflict; the postponement of the August elections, the ‘Federalism state’, a long struggle for perceived oppression among a section of aggrieved Ethiopians have been presented as causes for the conflict. The allying of Somalia to Ethiopia, the surge of refugees fleeing to Sudan but above all the hard stance by Ethiopia’s leadership on the situation are feared for escalation of the conflict’. The author highlights the five Pillars of Gandhian Nonviolence, managing negative and disruptive emotions, mending a dysfunctional communication ecosystem as well as anger management as key to addressing the Tigray Conflict. Like in the case of Gachacha courts of Rwanda, she appreciates the Oromia- the Ethiopian traditional justice System, rich customary practice which together with above could help change the situation.","PeriodicalId":37210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intelligence, Security, and Public Affairs","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73280705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nepal and India Hydropower Cooperation: A Beneficial Peaceful Diplomacy","authors":"Eby Johny","doi":"10.11648/J.IPA.20210501.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IPA.20210501.14","url":null,"abstract":"India and Nepal are having very cordial relations, not only from now but for a long time back in History. The geographical location of Nepal has made it very much important for India. China has already made effective incursions into neighboring countries of India. China is also supplying large number of arms to Nepal. Although Nepal Politicians are aware of the dangers of receiving Chinese aid, China is making irrefutable promises, both financially and otherwise. India, which is economically and politically backward compared to China, cannot provide an alternative. When the border dispute broke out, many countries took a stand against China and informed India but unfortunately Nepal was not stand with India. Countries such as Germany, France, Britain and Australia, which are seeking to increase their influence in the Indo-Pacific region, have also extended a helping hand to India. Even so, the only two countries that can directly confront China economically and politically are the United States and Russia. India can make policy decisions on the Chinese issue only in the face of a number of issues, including the Chinese invasion of the Indian subcontinent, the growing Chinese influence in neighboring countries, the Sino-Russian alliance, and the antagonism of China and Russia.","PeriodicalId":37210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intelligence, Security, and Public Affairs","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74038858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining Women Discrimination: By Women in Kashmir","authors":"Aafreen Manzoor","doi":"10.11648/J.IPA.20210501.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IPA.20210501.12","url":null,"abstract":"Women constitute 3.82 billion in the world (According to the UN Population Division). Women being a constant contributory to the economic factor are still considered to be anonymous to the world. Women play a significant role in our lives, from being daughter to a mother. Women help to shape the lives of people in an enormous number of ways. Kashmiri women have been prone to many changes throughout their lives. It leaves a great impact on the Kashmiri Society. Women have been discriminated by the same sex since ages but no concern has been raised for the issue till now. It needs to be controlled and curtailed so that it won’t affect the growth of women in our societies. The objective behind the paper is to aware the people of the discrimination happening in our surroundings and to reach to the point where people will be able to raise a voice against it especially women of our society that are being victimized throughout their lives. This paper mainly lays stress on the discrimination against women by women in Kashmir. The paper starts with the introduction to the concept to discrimination with respect to women and includes the instances that are based on research work in Kashmir. The study has been carried out in different regions of Kashmir. In this study, survey method has been used for the collection of the data. The result of the research is not satisfying but enriched with the instances of discrimination. In conclusion, many factors were responsible for the growth of such behavior in our society.","PeriodicalId":37210,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intelligence, Security, and Public Affairs","volume":"84 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77187971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}