International Journal of Economics and Business Administration最新文献

{"title":"Ownership Structure, Board Characteristics, and Firm Diversification: Evidence from an Emerging Country","authors":"Manel Gharbi, Anis Jarboui","doi":"10.35808/ijeba/820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35808/ijeba/820","url":null,"abstract":": Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to argue the effect of ownership structure and board of directors on firm diversification . Design/Methodology/Approach: The data is gathered via a questionnaire administered to 111 managers from Tunisian in small-and medium-sized companies. To analyze collected data we used SPSS and Amos graphics software. Hypotheses were tested using the regression analysis technique. The study gives empirical information on the relationship between cognitive variables and strategic decision-making, specifically diversification. Findings: The findings reached following the logistic regression prove to reveal well that companies whose executives a certain capital share do not count as actually diversified firms. Thus, the assumption stipulating that the directors’ shareholding is negatively associated with diversification seems verified. Still, the results attained prove to demonstrate that family structure is negatively related to diversification policy. In addition, company size and leverage appear to not affect diversification decisions. Yet, performance turns out to have a positive and significant relationship with such a decision. Research implications : Although the Tunisian corporate governance reform concerning the independent director system which is mandatory only for newly-listed companies is successful, the regulatory authority should require all listed companies to appoint independent directors to further enhance the Tunisian corporate governance. Future research could include other proxies of corporate governance and ownership structure such as board diversity and meetings, audit committee and managerial ownership, etc. Originality/Value: First, unlike most of the previous literature on emergent countries, this study examines the effects of corporate governance mechanisms on firm diversification in Tunisia. Second, while several studies used a single indicator of firm diversification, this study examines both accounting-based and market-based firm diversification. Third, this study addresses the endogeneity issue between corporate governance factors and firm diversification, a strategic decision.","PeriodicalId":37182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139294377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamical Linkages and Frequency Spillovers between Crude Oil and Stock Markets in BRICS During Turbulent and Tranquil Times","authors":"Dhoha Mellouli, Ellouz Siwar","doi":"10.35808/ijeba/817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35808/ijeba/817","url":null,"abstract":": Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the price of crude oil and the BRICS countries 04/01/2016 to 05/01/2023, by analyzing the spillover effects and connectedness using the quantile VAR approach. Design/Methodology/Approach: Researchers focused on three quantiles - median, high, and low to capture the connectedness. Findings: The results show first, that there is higher total connectedness in the bearish and bullish market conditions compared with normal conditions. Moreover, the degree of connectedness is even stronger during periods of crises such the case during the Covid-19 pandemic and the Russian-Ukrainian war. This shows that under extreme market conditions, the strength of the connectedness increases with the size of the shock, suggesting a symmetric relationship. Practical implications: The frequency connectedness is divided into high and low-frequency and it is discovered that the short-term TCI had a greater impact on the total TCI than the long-term TCI. Originality value: These findings can be valuable for both international investors and policy makers.","PeriodicalId":37182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"159 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139297943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Situational Leadership in the Management of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Among Durban Trucking Companies","authors":"Jeremiah M. Kapotwe, Herman N. Bamata","doi":"10.5430/ijba.v14n3p34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v14n3p34","url":null,"abstract":"The present research study is focused on the analysis of the role of situational leadership in the context of small and medium-sized enterprise management. The main purpose of this research is to examine and to critically evaluate the use of different situational leadership styles in the management of SMEs. This study has sought to review leader obligations and the evolution of these leadership styles in SME management. The study has intended to provide the fundamental empirical evaluation of the role played by situational leadership in SME management. The sample for the present research has been identified from the population of registered trucking companies in Durban. A sample has been drawn from the SMEs within the registered trucking companies, using convenient sampling techniques and methods.The findings of this research have shown the positive impact that situational leadership theory has in SME management. In fact, SME owners and managers will be inspired to understand the managerial role of the appropriateness behavioural style in the contextual business situations. Also, the study recommended that owners and leaders of SMEs should ameliorate leader sovereignty and follower skills, as these often interact in predicting poor follower performance and attitudinal responses. In addition, the present study has provided the tools necessary for SME owners and managers, to guide the improvement and effectiveness of personal leadership.","PeriodicalId":37182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136014029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black Swan Theory of Events and the Impact to Hospitality Operators: Literature Review and Proposed Analysis","authors":"S. Kent","doi":"10.5430/ijba.v14n3p12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v14n3p12","url":null,"abstract":"The Black Swan theory of events is an incident that deviates beyond what is normally expected of a situation and is extremely difficult to predict (Talib, 2007). Black Swan events impact the hospitality industry in many ways. Weather, widespread illness, civil unrest, terrorism, and loss of utilities are out of the immediate control of the industry’s participants but impact their results. Occurrences at the property/corporate level can also impact performance in ways such as: food contaminants impacting restaurants, cruise ships losing power, running a ground, or sinking, experiencing a widespread Nora virus, hotels face fires, strikes, data breaches, boycotts, as well as events such as amusement parks having ride fatalities and animal welfare protests, etc. All of these events are quickly spread by multiple news sources, and consumers are able to search quickly using Google or other search engines to get more details.Previous studies have looked at the aftereffects of exogenous—or self-inflicted— events, and how management teams reacted or did not react and the impact to operating results (Kosova & Enz, 2012). However, there is a paucity of academic analysis of Black Swan events to determine whether there is a way to reduce the impact.","PeriodicalId":37182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"50 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91001639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facilitating Data Sovereignty and Digital Transformation in Municipalities and Companies: An Examination of the Data for All Initiative","authors":"J. Frick","doi":"10.5430/ijba.v14n3p1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v14n3p1","url":null,"abstract":"Access to comprehensive and up-to-date knowledge in the field of data is crucial for municipalities and regional authorities to make informed decisions and effectively address challenges. The Data for All project 2022-2025 (Data for All 2023) explores the benefits of online tools that provides comprehensive and intuitive access to knowledge in the field of data, specifically designed to support the needs of municipalities and regional authorities.The online tools offer a user-friendly interface that enables easy exploration and analysis of data sets relevant to various aspects of governance, planning, and service delivery. It consolidates diverse data sources, including public records, surveys, and real-time data feeds, into a unified platform. The tools employ advanced data visualization techniques, interactive dashboards, and customizable reports to present complex information in a clear and digestible manner.The benefits of these data access tools for municipalities, companies and regional authorities are manifold. Firstly, it facilitates evidence-based decision-making by providing access to reliable and up-to-date data. Decision-makers can quickly access relevant data sets, conduct in-depth analysis, and identify trends and patterns that inform policy development, resource allocation, and service planning.Secondly, the tools enhance transparency and accountability by making data readily available to the public. Municipalities and regional authorities can leverage the platform to share information on key metrics, performance indicators, and public services, fostering trust and engagement with citizens. Additionally, the tools enable data-driven performance monitoring, allowing authorities to track progress, evaluate outcomes, and continuously improve service delivery.Furthermore, case studies of the tool's implementation and use will illustrate its effectiveness in diverse contexts. For instance, a regional authority may utilize the tool to analyze transportation data, leading to optimized route planning, reduced congestion, and improved public transportation services. Another municipality may leverage the tool to monitor environmental indicators, leading to evidence-based sustainability initiatives and informed land-use planning.In conclusion, the online data access tools will provide municipalities and regional authorities with a powerful resource to leverage data-driven decision-making, enhance transparency, and drive effective governance. Its user-friendly interface, comprehensive data coverage, and customizable features will enable authorities to harness the potential of data for improved service delivery and better outcomes for their communities.","PeriodicalId":37182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79168312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Economic Outlook: Scenario Analysis for 2023 and Tendencies","authors":"José Carlos de Souza Colares, H. Neves, Jose Lopes De Souza, Bruno Botelho Piana, Edney Costa De Souza","doi":"10.5430/ijba.v14n2p11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v14n2p11","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article was to map the most likely scenario for the year 2023, given the economic prospects in the world, and to project tendencies. To this end, a documental analysis was carried out based on studies made available by organizations and institutes specialized in global economic analysis. The applied method was the exploratory and the technical procedure was the bibliographic and descriptive, using a quali-quantitative technique to analyse and qualify the data. To operationalize the research, the material obtained was manipulated for subsequent tabulation and construction of graphics and tables using the Microsoft Excel application. Among the main elements used to identify the economic impacts, we can quote: (i) the COVID-19 pandemic, (ii) the main tendencies of the economy in the post-pandemic world, (iii) the economic policies adopted by countries in combating to the crisis, and (iv) the behaviour of wage dynamics in this context. The results showed that the economic crisis aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic caused a global economic recession, severely affecting the cost of living. In the field of tendencies, there was the expectation of low economic growth and restrictive policies that are causing an increase in interest rates. In the labour market, the outlook is for a low supply of workforce with repercussions on wage dynamics, which should remain below the values practiced before the health crisis. The possible solution will depend on the willingness of the countries to promote cooperation to provide priority assistance to the most vulnerable classes and the ability to stabilize prices, avoiding greater pressure on inflation and interest rates, with a direct impact on wages.","PeriodicalId":37182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85325804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Irrigation on the Yield, Total Cost, and Its Influence on Hydraulic Conductivity in a Soil Under Vinasse Application","authors":"F. N. Cunha, Gabriela Nobre Cunha, M. B. Teixeira","doi":"10.5430/ijba.v14n2p1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v14n2p1","url":null,"abstract":"This study had the objective to evaluate the effect of irrigation and fertigation (N) in the crop yield and its impact on the total cost, in addition to its influence on the conductivity hydraulic capacity and logarithmic hydraulic conductivity in an Oxisol under vinasse application cultivated with sugarcane (second year), in state of Goiás, Brazil. The experimental design comprised randomized blocks in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme, with four replications. Treatments consisted of five levels of water replacement (100, 75, 50, 25 and 0%), with and without fertirrigation (N). The planting of sugarcane, cultivar RB85-5453, was performed in a double row (W-shaped), 8 m long, with 1.80 m spacing between the double rows, the distance between the crops in the double row was 0.40 m, with a total area of 52.8 m2 in each paddock. For treatments with water, replacement (WR) a drip tube was placed in the ground at a depth of 0.20 m among the furrows of the double row. The drip tube (DRIPNET PC 16150) comprised a thin wall, 1.0 bar pressure, nominal discharge 1.0 L h-1, and 0.50 m spacing between drippers. Nitrogen was applied by fertirrigation at a dose of 100 Kg ha-1, at 30-day intervals, with 10 applications throughout the development of the sugarcane culture. Potassium fertilization was fully realized at planting. The total cost with irrigation did not increase significantly with fertirrigation (< 3%) in an Oxisol under vinasse application.","PeriodicalId":37182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72769960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality 5.0: A Paradigm Shift Towards Proactive Quality Control in Industry 5.0","authors":"J. Frick, P. Grudowski","doi":"10.5430/ijba.v14n2p51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v14n2p51","url":null,"abstract":"Industry 5.0, the latest wave of industrial revolution, is redefining the traditional manufacturing and production landscapes by leveraging advanced technologies, promoting sustainability, and fostering a human-centric approach. An inevitable consequence of this progression is Quality 5.0, the next phase of quality control and assurance. Quality 5.0 aims to transcend the limitations of conventional quality control techniques, which are typically reactive, by adopting a proactive stance towards defect prevention and process optimization. This paper elucidates the concepts of Quality 5.0, discussing its principles, benefits, and potential challenges in the context of Industry 5.0.","PeriodicalId":37182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81774469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sounding the Alarm to Healthcare Leadership to Establish a Standardized Evidenced-based Falls Prevention Program: An Integrative Literature Review","authors":"L. Augustine","doi":"10.5430/ijba.v14n2p23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v14n2p23","url":null,"abstract":"The dilemma for healthcare leadership is that interventions to prevent patient falls exist, but over the years it has been unclear as to which ones are the most effective and what strategies should be implemented to best support their needs (Delaforce et al., 2023). Because of the fact that national initiatives are aimed at preventing patient harm from falls, healthcare leaders have come to the conclusion that in order to be effective, a falls prevention program needs to be multi-faceted, which in turn produces a complex system. However, as the system becomes more complex, the risk of failures towards implementation also increases because the implementation of a falls prevention program can be influenced by several factors. Factors such as, environmental and contextual issues; staff knowledge, beliefs and attitudes; organizational culture and climate; staff workloads; patient education; and access to appropriate equipment to name a few, which are all driven by healthcare leadership (Ayton et. al, 2017). For this reason, the purpose of this study was to sound the alarm to healthcare leadership to establish a standardized evidenced based falls prevention program. By focusing on this, the researcher was successful in highlighting a series of fall risk assessment tools and interventions that has been known to develop fall prevention programs within healthcare. Equally important, the researcher provided several themes that has known to both inhibit and build fall prevention programs. Thereafter, the researcher then suggested two leadership strategies, reflexivity and resonant, for healthcare leaders to consider adopting as a means to help them develop effective fall prevention programs going forward.","PeriodicalId":37182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74012085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable E-Procurement Adoption and Practices in the Pandemic Era","authors":"Simon S. M. Yuen, Calvin Cheng","doi":"10.35808/ijeba/808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35808/ijeba/808","url":null,"abstract":": Purpose: This research aimed to explore how to address the opportunities and challenges of sustainable e-procurement practices in the pandemic era. Particularly in developing a conceptual framework to evaluate different factors influencing sustainable e-procurement adoption in Hong Kong during the outbreak of COVID-19. Design/Methodology/Approach: To test the hypotheses, data were collected from 69 members of The Institute of Purchasing and Supply of Hong Kong. Investigation was conducted to study how respondents feel about their companies’ daily sustainable practices during the pandemic, the driving factors that promote adoption of e-procurement, and the effectiveness of such acts. Findings: E-procurement is a way to achieve competitive advantage and sustainable business in the future. The results showed that operational efficiency, cost effectiveness and employee acknowledgment are the top three factors for the adoption. However, due to pandemic, companies need to adapt to new suppliers, and it could be hard for firms to collaborate without face-to-face communications. Companies need to prepare sustainability assessments and Environment, Social & Governance (ESG) reports according to law. Finally, strengthening the connection between e-procurement and sustainable development can improve capabilities and performance. Practical Implications: The results helped provide a new insight for company performance and business sustainability. Originality/value: To the extent of our knowledge, this study is the pioneer investigation into new insight about the major drivers for e-procurement adoption for e-business firms.","PeriodicalId":37182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Economics and Business Administration","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73393043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}