{"title":"1. The Alliance for Progress on the Doubtful Strait","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9781501756221-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501756221-003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":371554,"journal":{"name":"The Ends of Modernization","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124039154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Alliance for Progress on the Doubtful Strait","authors":"D. J. Lee","doi":"10.7591/cornell/9781501756214.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501756214.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter starts by outlining the origins of the Alliance for Progress in Latin American ideas and political networks. It discusses the earliest version of the Alliance and how they promoted drastic political and economic change as an antidote to the spreading of a Cuban revolutionary model. US planners originally hoped to overturn the Nicaraguan government after fostering regime change in Cuba and the Dominican Republic, building on the efforts of Latin America's anticommunist democratic movement. When these initiatives faltered, Nicaragua became a key site for new programs to manage political and economic development built around the Central American Common Market (CACM). The chapter then assesses the implications of the promotion of regional development to regime change and analyzes how US programs work to integrate Nicaraguan elites by using community and regional development programs to win Conservative support for the Liberal-controlled central government. The chapter then looks at the impact of the election of Anastasio Somoza Debayle and the 1967 massacre in Managua and how it led many elite Nicaraguans to turn to the more radical politics promoted by the Cuba-inspired Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional (FSLN).","PeriodicalId":371554,"journal":{"name":"The Ends of Modernization","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114931569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decentering Managua","authors":"D. J. Lee","doi":"10.7591/cornell/9781501756214.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501756214.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter looks at the aftermath of the 1972 earthquake that destroyed Managua. It demonstrates how the planners, who implemented Managua's reconstruction, planned a new city modeled on US urban space even though the US government under President Nixon turned away from the developmental premises of the Alliance for Progress. The plan for a decentralized metropolis created an unlikely consensus: US planners, many of whom were less comfortable than Nixon with Somoza's dictatorship, as well as Nicaragua's anti-Somoza opposition, believed that decentralization could diminish the power of the dictator, while Somoza and his staunchest supporters in the United States believed that the tools of urban planning would cement the dictator's economic and political control. The chapter then examines how the new city cemented an alliance of Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional radicals with Nicaragua's anti-Somoza elite.","PeriodicalId":371554,"journal":{"name":"The Ends of Modernization","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122557078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Institutionalized Precarity in Postwar Nicaragua","authors":"D. J. Lee","doi":"10.7591/cornell/9781501756214.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501756214.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter evaluates the conflicts between the US and Nicaraguan visions of political and economic development amid global post-Cold War transformation. It looks at the United States' new doctrines of sustainable development and their plans for Nicaragua as a prototypical neoliberal republic after the 1990 election brought an end to the revolutionary order. With the country's changing economic and political horizons, the transition generated local forms of adaptation to structural transformation, as elites used the Latin American model of concertación to manage local conflict in the face of US power. The chapter then uncovers the fractious nature of US power which brought new forms of intervention as dissident elements in the United States and Nicaragua rejected concertación and attempted to turn back the revolution. The chapter then examines how the United States' new forms of intervention to oversee local politics institutionalize new forms of precarity in the new post-development world.","PeriodicalId":371554,"journal":{"name":"The Ends of Modernization","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124472724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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