Journal of Asian Earth Sciences: X最新文献

{"title":"Paleostress analysis on Paleozoic syn-depositional faults in the eastern Alborz, northern Iran","authors":"Asghar Dolati ,&nbsp;Jeroen Smit ,&nbsp;Amin Behrooz ,&nbsp;Alireza Shahidi ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Ghafouri Fard ,&nbsp;Liang Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Alborz Mountains of northern Iran stand out as an exceptional site for studying the Ediacaran-Paleozoic evolution of the northern Gondwana margin. The Alborz forms the inverted continental shelf of the Central Iranian microcontinent that was part of the northern Gondwana margin until the Permian period. Here, we present a paleostress analysis of the Paleozoic tectonic evolution in the eastern Alborz, supported by published studies of stratigraphy, petrology and regional tectonics. This analysis confirms and supplements the findings of a previous study in the central Alborz. The two studies complement each other. Late Neogene internal deformation has had less of an effect on the central Alborz, whereas the stratigraphy is more comprehensive in the eastern Alborz. The overall aim of the paleostress analysis in the central and eastern Alborz is to elucidate the Paleozoic structural-tectonic framework and the transition of geodynamic regimes, from the Cambrian active margin of Gondwana to the Permian Paleotethys post-rift passive margin of the Central Iranian Microcontinent. The paleostress tensor analysis of fault-slip data confirms that the Alborz Margin was dominated by a main N-S-directed (present-day reference frame) extension during the Paleozoic. This extension was nearly perpendicular to the main basin-bounding normal faults and the margin. The Paleozoic stress field remained unchanged during successive geodynamic regimes, from proto-Tethys subduction to Neotethys rifting. Research on past plate rotations and internal deformation in the Alborz and Central Iranian microcontinent may benefit from the findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences: X","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100213"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145799800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel regional–residual anomaly separation technique for evaluating Moho configuration and crustal density structure beneath the East Vietnam Sea (South China Sea)","authors":"Nguyen Kim Dung ,&nbsp;Ebong Dickson Ebong ,&nbsp;David Gomez-Ortiz ,&nbsp;Zaidoon Taha Abdulrazzaq ,&nbsp;Hussein Abdulrahim Al-Saady ,&nbsp;Tran Tuan Dung ,&nbsp;Tran Van Kha ,&nbsp;Nguyen Ba Dai ,&nbsp;Tran Tuan Duong","doi":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel gravity anomaly separation technique and demonstrates its application in delineating the crustal density structure and Moho depth configuration of the East Vietnam Sea (South China Sea). The proposed method employs correlation analysis between Bouguer gravity anomalies approximated by higher-order two-variable polynomial functions and their upward-continued counterparts at varying altitudes to isolate the regional gravity field. The resulting regional component, associated with long-wavelength gravity signals, was used to model the depth to the Moho boundary, while the residual component, reflecting short-wavelength anomalies, was inverted to estimate lateral variations in crustal density. The results reveal that crustal density varies from approximately 2.54 g/cm³ in sedimentary basins to about 2.90 g/cm³ along the mid-oceanic ridge, indicating significant lithological contrasts. The Moho depth ranges from ∼8 km beneath the mid-oceanic ridge to ∼32 km beneath the southwestern margin, particularly near the Red River basin. These observations correlated well with previous interpretations derived from ocean bottom seismometer data, validating the effectiveness of the approach. This study develops an integrated regional–residual separation and inversion framework that refines constraints on crustal architecture while offering critical geodynamic insights for delineating tectonic domains with potential resource significance. It offers a new perspective for gravity-based crustal modeling and provides a first-order geophysical framework for understanding the lithospheric structure of the East Vietnam Sea. The method also demonstrates potential for global and broader applications in tectonic studies and regional geodynamic investigations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences: X","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100210"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of random forest machine learning algorithm for geological mapping using PALSAR and Sentinel-2A remote sensing data: A case study of Tsagaan-uul area, southern Mongolia","authors":"Munkhsuren Badrakh ,&nbsp;Narantsetseg Tserendash ,&nbsp;Erdenejargal Choindonjamts ,&nbsp;Gáspár Albert","doi":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geological mapping in remote and geologically complex regions can be substantially improved by integrating remote sensing data with machine learning algorithms. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Random Forest algorithm for geological mapping in the Tsagaan-uul area of the Khatanbulag ancient massif, Mongolia, a region characterized by limited accessibility and sparse field data. A comprehensive set of predictor variables was used, including Sentinel-2A spectral bands and indices, ALOS PALSAR digital elevation model, and terrain morphometric features. Two distinct training strategies were employed: (1) based on a geological map, (2) based on field-collected rock samples from two lithologically diverse formations. Variable importance was assessed using the Mean Decrease Gini index, while classification performance was measured through overall accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and the Kappa coefficient. In the first experiment, ALOS PALSAR DEM and Terrain Ruggedness Index were identified as the most influential predictors. Overall accuracy across all nine models ranged from 59.9 % to 64.4 %, with Kappa coefficients between 0.508 and 0.562. Model 1, which used a 90–10 % split, achieved the highest performance, while Model 4 recorded the lowest. These suggest that the data split ratio had a greater impact on model accuracy than the number of decision trees. In the second experiment, variations in the number of trees and variables per split had minimal effects, whereas the choice of stratification method significantly affected model outcomes. Overall, findings emphasize the critical role of dataset configuration, such as class balance and representative sampling, in optimizing Random Forest-based geological mapping.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences: X","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144758050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cenozoic exhumation of the North Qinling Range: Insights from apatite and zircon (U-Th)/He thermochronology","authors":"Jin Liu,&nbsp;Yubo Wang,&nbsp;Xiao Ding,&nbsp;Junwei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Cenozoic uplift of the North Qinling Range has profoundly influenced climatic and ecological patterns across northern and southern China. However, key aspects of this orogenic event, including its principal phase(s) of exhumation, total magnitude, and detailed evolutionary processes remain poorly constrained. We present a series of apatite and zircon (U-Th)/He ages from a drill core and surface relief of Zhongnan Mt., in the middle part of North Qinling Range. Comparative analysis of apatite (U-Th)/He age discrepancies between drill core and surface samples provides a perspective to figure out variation of isotherms and then helps figure out that fault activity and topographic wave length were dominant controls on isotherm geometry in the study area. The composite vertical pseudo-transect constructed from apatite and zircon (U-Th)/He ages indicates a very fast cooling period since at least ∼ 82.7 Ma and lasted to 77 Ma, followed by a relatively slow cooling stage until 49 Ma, and then a slow cooling period to 33 Ma. These three exhumation stages are widely documented in the adjacent region, with the subduction of the Pacific Plate considered the primary driving mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences: X","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting characteristics observed between the early and late Cretaceous periods: Evidences from geochemical and isotopic studies of clastic rocks from the Tethys Himalaya, India","authors":"Heena Khan ,&nbsp;Javid A. Ganai ,&nbsp;Shaik A. Rashid ,&nbsp;Nurul Absar","doi":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study uses a multi-proxy approach on Cretaceous shales (consisting of early Cretaceous Giumal shale and late Cretaceous Chikkim shale of Lagudarsi Group) from the Spiti region of the Indian Tethys Himalaya to assess paleo-weathering, redox conditions, paleoclimate, provenance characteristics and tectonic setting. Geochemical weathering indices such as the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA), Weathering Index of Parker (WIP) and Ca-free weathering indices (CIX) suggest a shift in weathering intensity from low to high degrees during the Cretaceous period in the source area, also shown in the Al₂O₃–CaO*<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->Na₂O–K₂O (A–CN–K) diagram. Redox-sensitive trace element ratios like V/(V + Ni), V/Sc and Ce anomalies, Total Organic Carbon (TOC), δ¹³C and δ³⁴S values indicate an anoxic marine depositional environment, documenting an ocean anoxic event (OAE). Provenance discrimination diagrams and geochemical ratios incorporating Nd–Sr isotopes indicate a felsic-dominant source for early Cretaceous Giumal shale and a more mafic-dominant source for late Cretaceous Chikkim shale. Geochemical proxies (Rb/Sr, Mg/Ca, Al/K and CIA) record a shift from humid (non-glacial) climate during the early Cretaceous to cold (glacial) climate during the late Cretaceous. Discriminant diagrams (K₂O/Na₂O–SiO₂, La/Sc–Ti/Zr, and La–Th–Sc) suggest a passive margin tectonic setting for the early Cretaceous, whereas an active continental margin for late Cretaceous shale in the Spiti region. These findings provide insights into the climatic and tectonic evolution of the Indian Tethys Himalaya during the Cretaceous period, contributing to the understanding of global anoxic events and regional sedimentary and tectonic history.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences: X","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphogenesis of the Holocene coastal landforms on Sumba Island, Indonesia","authors":"Denovan Chauveau ,&nbsp;Kevin Pedoja ,&nbsp;Christine Authemayou ,&nbsp;Laurent Husson ,&nbsp;Gino de Gelder ,&nbsp;Sonny Aribowo ,&nbsp;Mary Elliot ,&nbsp;Julius Jara–Muñoz ,&nbsp;Anne-Morwenn Pastier ,&nbsp;Danny Hilman Natawidjaja ,&nbsp;Vera Christanti Agusta ,&nbsp;Sri Yudawati Cahyarini","doi":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coastal terraces, whether erosional, depositional, or bio-constructed, have been widely used to quantify Late Cenozoic vertical deformation and relative sea-level changes. Here, we review and investigate the Holocene coastal terraces of Sumba Island, Indonesia. We describe fifteen coastal sites, evenly distributed between the South and North coasts. The terraces are Holocene age, based on ¹⁴C and U/Th ages. We show that the preservation of coastal terraces in Sumba is favoured on the leeward coast (North). Holocene and older Pleistocene coastal terraces are almost absent on the windward coast (South), although modern coral reefs almost ubiquitously thrive. The morphology and the nature of the bedrock varies between the two sides of the island: while sequences of earlier Pleistocene coral reef limestones dominate in the North, Miocene/Pliocene tuffs and pelagic carbonates outcrop on the southern coast. The elevations of the Holocene inner edges range from 2.4 ± 0.7 to 6.9 ± 0.7 m above the present mean sea level. Despite disparate uplift rates, the three preserved windward terraces (out of the seven sites investigated) generally have a higher inner edge than leeward terraces. We conclude that neither glacio-eustatic oscillations, vertical deformation rates nor hydrodynamics by themselves can explain the variability in inner edge elevations on Sumba, but only a complex combination of these processes. Finally, our study serves as a solid basis for future investigation of the Holocene landforms of the island of Sumba and other similar tropical coastal zones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences: X","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145048748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and geochronological constraints on the Permo-Triassic tectonic evolution of the southern Jinsha Orogenic Belt, eastern Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Xu-Tuo Li ,&nbsp;Dan-Ping Yan ,&nbsp;Liang Qiu ,&nbsp;Michael L. Wells ,&nbsp;Xu-Xuan Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The southern Jinsha Orogenic Belt records the subduction-accretion-collision processes during the closure of the Paleo-Jinsha Ocean. Detailed structural analysis conducted along this belt and U-Pb zircon dating of tectonic-related plutons put robust constraints on a three-stage deformation history of the southern Jinsha orogenesis. The D₁ deformation is developed within the high-grade metamorphic complex. Based on parallelism between multiscale structures, two plutons (SK21-1 &amp; −2) are inferred as syntectonic and constrain the D₁ deformation to Middle Permian (269 ∼ 267 Ma). The D₂ deformation is characterized by pervasive fabrics outcropped through the whole belt. An internal undeformed pluton (SK18), which was affected by the D₂ deformation at its margin, combined with post-D₂ plutons, constrain the D₂ deformation to 258 ∼ 240 Ma. The D₃ deformation is interpreted as a local effect of pluton diapirism due to its density-driven vertical structures and limited range of distribution, rather than a regional deformation. Combined with previous published Early Permian to Late Triassic geological records, we propose that the D₁ deformation records an accretionary orogenesis during the subduction of the southern Jinsha oceanic lithosphere, the D₂ deformation represents the Early-Middle Triassic continental collision between the eastern Qiangtang terrane and Zhongza massif, and the D₃ deformation was generated by the post-collisional pluton diapirism. Moreover, based on the uniformly west-dipping S₂ foliations and west-plunging L₂ lineations with local west-side up, we suggest a westward subduction of the southern Jinsha oceanic plate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences: X","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mineralogy and provenance of red clay soils in Barind and Madhupur clay formations, Bangladesh: Implications for tectonic setting and chemical weathering","authors":"Md.Golam Mostafa ,&nbsp;Md.Aminur Rahman ,&nbsp;Pradip Kumar Biswas ,&nbsp;Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam ,&nbsp;Md.Ripaj Uddin ,&nbsp;Hayatullah ,&nbsp;Md.Nakib Hossen ,&nbsp;Md. Nuruzzaman ,&nbsp;Abu Yousuf ,&nbsp;Md. Hasnain Mustak ,&nbsp;Md. Shohel Rana","doi":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the geochemical and mineralogical properties of the Barind and Madhupur clay formations in the Bengal Basin, focusing on their provenance, tectonic setting and weathering processes in relation to regional geological evolution. Several techniques such as particle size distribution, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and geochemical weathering indices were applied to analyze the mineralogical, chemical and heavy metal characteristics of red clay soils. The particle size distribution reveals that the soil consists predominantly of fine-grained silt (∼80 %), with minor amounts of clay and sand, influenced by pedogenesis and weathering processes. Mineralogical analysis reveals dominance of quartz, kaolinite, illite, chlorite and iron oxides, suggesting a mix of weathered metamorphic and sedimentary rocks and intense weathering in a humid, cold Pleistocene climate. Geochemical data show high concentrations of SiO₂, indicating a quartz-rich source with a mature mineralogical composition. Principal component analysis (PCA) points to extensive weathering, particularly of mafic rocks. Chemical index of alteration (CIA) values ranges from 70.93 % to 90.80 %, indicating moderate to intense weathering. Trace metal concentrations are lower than the average Upper Continental Crust, suggesting long-term weathering. These findings underscore the role of humid, cold climates and tectonic setting in shaping the Bengal Basin’s Pleistocene landscapes. The study advances regional paleoclimatic reconstructions and highlights the interplay of Himalayan erosion, fluvial transport and chemical weathering in producing the distinctive red clay soils. Future work should integrate isotopic tracing to refine sediment source apportionment and climatic models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences: X","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in crater lake chemistry after the 2021 eruption at Aso Volcano, Japan: insights from UAV-based hot water sampling","authors":"Hitomi Nakamura ,&nbsp;Akihiko Yokoo ,&nbsp;Hikaru Iwamori ,&nbsp;Tatsuji Nishizawa ,&nbsp;Masaaki Takahashi ,&nbsp;Noritoshi Morikawa","doi":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Several volcanoes in Japan have summit craters filled with water, including Zao, Kusatsu-Shirane, Kirishima, and Aso volcanoes. Aso Volcano, located in central Kyushu, is an active caldera volcano with a crater lake whose water volume varies from nearly zero to full capacity depending on volcanic activity. Following the latest eruption of Aso Volcano in October 2021, we conducted UAV-based hot water sampling at the Nakadake First Crater (NFC) in 2022, 2023, and 2024. These efforts enabled the development of sampling method using a weight, rope, and sterilized sampling bottle with a long fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) sleeve, allowing hot water collection at temperatures higher than previously possible. We found that crater lake chemistry changed drastically within one year, with sulfate concentrations decreasing rapidly from 211,900 ppm in 2022 to 19,940 ppm in 2023 (approximately one-tenth), while temperature changes were smaller (about 5 °C). Compared with intermittent records from 1993 to 2009, these sulfate values were up to twice as high as previously reported maxima. Such deviations suggest increased inputs of magma-derived fluids, possibly associated with the 2021 eruption. Based on compiled data, we propose that extremely high chlorine concentrations in lake water can serve as significant indicators for predicting forthcoming eruptions, regardless of temperature changes. Our findings indicate that short-interval monitoring of the NFC is necessary to understand the transition between open and closed hydrothermal systems, especially after eruptions. Combined with UAV-based methods capable of sampling during eruptions, this approach will enhance understanding of crater lake hydrothermal dynamics and eruption forecasting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences: X","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fate of the Late Triassic Songpan-Ganzi Basin in the eastern Paleo-Tethys Ocean: Geochemical and geochronological constraints in the NE Tibetan Plateau:Reply","authors":"Hong-Xu Mu,&nbsp;Dan-Ping Yan,&nbsp;Liang Qiu,&nbsp;Ruo-Yan Kong,&nbsp;Ling-Xiao Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaesx.2025.100205","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37149,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian Earth Sciences: X","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}