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Journal of Arabian Studies最新文献

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Cursed No More? The Resource Curse, Gender, and Labor Nationalization Policies in the GCC 不再被诅咒?海湾合作委员会的资源诅咒、性别和劳动力国有化政策
Journal of Arabian Studies Pub Date : 2018-12-06 DOI: 10.1080/21534764.2018.1546935
Gail J. Buttorff, Nawra Al Lawati, Bozena C. Welborne
{"title":"Cursed No More? The Resource Curse, Gender, and Labor Nationalization Policies in the GCC","authors":"Gail J. Buttorff, Nawra Al Lawati, Bozena C. Welborne","doi":"10.1080/21534764.2018.1546935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21534764.2018.1546935","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Recent scholarship posits that the resource curse has gendered as well as economic effects on oil-rich economies, like those in the Middle East and North Africa, entrenching paternalistic relationships that disadvantage women’s entry into the labor force. Upon closer examination, however, it appears that oil may not be the most compelling argument to explain Arab women’s low presence in the workforce –– especially since women’s labor-force participation within the oil rich Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states is generally higher than the regional average. We contend that this is, in part, a byproduct of the countries’ labor nationalization policies. Our analysis suggests that oil-driven development can in fact boost female labor force participation, revealing that rentierism as experienced in the GCC can actually have positive externalities for women.","PeriodicalId":37102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arabian Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"65 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74351961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Rentierism’s Siblings: On the Linkages between Rents, Neopatrimonialism, and Entrepreneurial State Capitalism in the Persian Gulf Monarchies 食租主义的兄弟:波斯湾君主制国家的食租、新世袭主义和企业国家资本主义之间的联系
Journal of Arabian Studies Pub Date : 2018-12-06 DOI: 10.1080/21534764.2018.1546931
M. Gray
{"title":"Rentierism’s Siblings: On the Linkages between Rents, Neopatrimonialism, and Entrepreneurial State Capitalism in the Persian Gulf Monarchies","authors":"M. Gray","doi":"10.1080/21534764.2018.1546931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21534764.2018.1546931","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper examines rentier state theory (RST), and specifically “rentierism” as a more refined and nuanced variant of RST, arguing that while rentierism provides considerable utility in explaining the state-society relationships of the contemporary Arab states of the Persian Gulf, it is insufficient as a stand-alone explanation, and needs to be considered as a political dynamic of the state-society relationship, rather than as a structural explanation for the state itself, as early RST more ambitiously sought to do. Rentierism therefore needs to be utilized in combination with two other explanatory frameworks, neopatrimonialism and state capitalism. In effect, these are rentierism’s theoretical “siblings”: they sharpen a rentier analysis by providing greater nuance about how elite networks, business-government relations, and personalized politics operate and interact in the allocative settings of the Gulf, as well as illustrating both the scope and the limits of rentierism as an explanatory framework.","PeriodicalId":37102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arabian Studies","volume":"11 1","pages":"29 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85992059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Reformers and the Rentier State: Re-Evaluating the Co-Optation Mechanism in Rentier State Theory 改革者与食利者国家:食利者国家理论中的合作机制再评价
Journal of Arabian Studies Pub Date : 2018-12-06 DOI: 10.1080/21534764.2018.1546933
J. Moritz
{"title":"Reformers and the Rentier State: Re-Evaluating the Co-Optation Mechanism in Rentier State Theory","authors":"J. Moritz","doi":"10.1080/21534764.2018.1546933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21534764.2018.1546933","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The oil and gas-rich states of the Gulf Cooperation Council have long been treated as exceptional, where distributions of rent-based wealth to society assumedly preclude political dissent. Yet, by examining informal and formal opposition in Qatar, Bahrain, and Oman since 2011, this article disputes the effectiveness of this “co-optation mechanism” at the sub-national level. Drawing from 135 semi-structured interviews conducted with citizens of these states, it uncovers evidence of challenges to state authority even among nationals who should theoretically be co-opted. In examining the limits of rent-based co-optation, the article highlights two key political dynamics that have demonstrated a capacity to overpower rent-based incentives to remain politically inactive: ideology and repression. Societies, then, were far from quiescent, and this research examines the networks and dynamics that have allowed citizens to challenge state authority.","PeriodicalId":37102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arabian Studies","volume":"23 1","pages":"46 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78170058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Imperial Origins of the Oil Curse 石油诅咒的帝国起源
Journal of Arabian Studies Pub Date : 2018-12-06 DOI: 10.1080/21534764.2018.1546930
Desha M. Girod, Meir R. Walters
{"title":"Imperial Origins of the Oil Curse","authors":"Desha M. Girod, Meir R. Walters","doi":"10.1080/21534764.2018.1546930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21534764.2018.1546930","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The literature maintains that oil creates a curse on development in countries with weak national institutions at oil discovery, but offers little guidance on the specific institutions that help leaders avoid the curse. We trace rent distribution in Kuwait and Oman, apparent outliers that experienced development despite their weak national institutions at oil discovery. Unlike other examples of the oil curse, Kuwait and Oman contained a strong informal institution that compelled rulers to spend oil revenues on human development: a balance of power between leaders and their domestic rivals. Because informal balances of power are also present in countries with strong formal institutions that avoid the oil curse, this article suggests that the presence or absence of informal balances of power may help account for whether oil is a blessing or a curse.","PeriodicalId":37102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arabian Studies","volume":"103 1","pages":"13 - 28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83954807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Impact of Oil Rents on Military Spending in the GCC Region: Does Corruption Matter? 石油租金对海湾合作委员会地区军事开支的影响:腐败问题重要吗?
Journal of Arabian Studies Pub Date : 2018-12-06 DOI: 10.1080/21534764.2018.1546938
M. Farzanegan
{"title":"The Impact of Oil Rents on Military Spending in the GCC Region: Does Corruption Matter?","authors":"M. Farzanegan","doi":"10.1080/21534764.2018.1546938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21534764.2018.1546938","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study shows how the level of corruption matters in the way oil rents affect a state's military spending. Using panel data covering the 1984–2014 period for the Gulf Cooperation Countries (GCC), we find that the effect of oil rents on military budgets depends on the extent of political corruption. Oil rents are negatively associated with military spending of the GCC countries. However this, in turn, is moderated by higher levels of corruption. For comparison, we examine this association in non-GCC countries in the MENA region, finding a positive effect of higher oil rents on military spending: this effect is larger in corrupt polities within non-GCC countries. The intermediary role of corruption in the military-oil nexus is robust, controlling for a set of variables that may affect military spending.","PeriodicalId":37102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arabian Studies","volume":"8 1","pages":"109 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78004437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
The Development of Saudi-Iranian Relations since the 1990s: Between Conflict and Accommodation 20世纪90年代以来沙特与伊朗关系的发展:在冲突与和解之间
Journal of Arabian Studies Pub Date : 2018-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/21534764.2018.1562628
F. Lawson
{"title":"The Development of Saudi-Iranian Relations since the 1990s: Between Conflict and Accommodation","authors":"F. Lawson","doi":"10.1080/21534764.2018.1562628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21534764.2018.1562628","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arabian Studies","volume":"44 1","pages":"324 - 326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86788335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Space Science and the Arab World: Astronauts, Observatories and Nationalism in the Middle East 空间科学和阿拉伯世界:中东的宇航员、天文台和民族主义
Journal of Arabian Studies Pub Date : 2018-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/21534764.2018.1562632
P. Tarikhi
{"title":"Space Science and the Arab World: Astronauts, Observatories and Nationalism in the Middle East","authors":"P. Tarikhi","doi":"10.1080/21534764.2018.1562632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21534764.2018.1562632","url":null,"abstract":"gency bargaining (p. 93). Saudi overtures to Khatami are explained in terms of long-term strategic calculations, along with deepening irritation at Washington (p. 109). The notable improvement in Saudi-Iranian relations that took place in early 1998 occurred because “both countries were facing economic problems due to a very low [world] oil price and were anxious to cooperate to solve these difficulties” (p. 117). On the other hand, the unprecedented bilateral security agreement that was signed in April 2001 might well have been connected to struggles between the ministry of defense and the ministry of the interior (p. 119), although evidence for this contest appears to be drawn from a competing study. It has becomecommonplace to grouse that the existing scholarship on foreign policy in theMiddle East and North Africa ignores domestic determinants, and overemphasizes the importance of leaders’ idiosyncrasies and systemic circumstances. Fahad Alsultan and Pedram Saeid echo such complaints and promise to give us an alternative perspective that highlights a wide range of other independent variables. Nevertheless, their account does little to push things forward conceptually, and the evaluative framework that is presented at the outset vanishes from the ensuing narrative.","PeriodicalId":37102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arabian Studies","volume":"42 1","pages":"326 - 327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82092579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
“An Apple of Discord”: The Island of Al-Zorah, 1843–1945 “不和谐的苹果”:Al-Zorah岛，1843-1945
Journal of Arabian Studies Pub Date : 2018-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/21534764.2018.1553243
M. Morton
{"title":"“An Apple of Discord”: The Island of Al-Zorah, 1843–1945","authors":"M. Morton","doi":"10.1080/21534764.2018.1553243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21534764.2018.1553243","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Based on an extensive study of archival records, this article shows how a series of episodes in the history of the Trucial Coast — today’s United Arab Emirates (UAE) — helped to shape the direction of the area’s history. At face value, the island of al-Zorah appeared to have little to offer, but it nevertheless figured in the ambitions of the Wahhābīs, local rulers and the British, all of whom coveted it for one reason or another; the outcome of their struggles helped to set the seal on the future configuration of the UAE. While the article provides a valuable insight into Great Britain’s role in the area, it also reveals regional rivalries and inter-tribal tensions that still exist in the region today. However, the coming together of the UAE and Saudi Arabia, and their need to show solidarity in the face of current challenges, have obscured the historical differences that the story of al-Zorah represents.","PeriodicalId":37102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arabian Studies","volume":"69 1","pages":"242 - 258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90724250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
AGAPS Graduate Paper Prize 2018: Winner 2018年AGAPS研究生论文奖:优胜者
Journal of Arabian Studies Pub Date : 2018-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/21534764.2018.1556882
Gabriel Young
{"title":"AGAPS Graduate Paper Prize 2018: Winner","authors":"Gabriel Young","doi":"10.1080/21534764.2018.1556882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21534764.2018.1556882","url":null,"abstract":"In examining British imperial control of the port of Basra in wartime and Mandate Iraq, Gabriel Young’s paper begins with a fascinating puzzle, asking: “How can an infrastructure both unify and fragment territory?” (p. 1). He directs his careful historical analysis to some tremendously rich empirical data, skillfully weaving together findings from his own archival research and the existing literature. Young’s paper is an exceptional example of how historians have successfully deployed the lens of space and infrastructure, the focus of research in the field of geography, to pose new and exciting questions about power and colonial governmentalities in the Middle East and around the world. In turning these insights to the Gulf region, Young demonstrates how a spatial strategies were key to enabling British control of Basra, and allowing colonial administrators to extend their “jurisdiction far beyond the physical limits of the actual infrastructure, into the overlapping territory of sovereign nation-states, semi-autonomous municipalities, and transnational corporations... , strategically reinterpreting and remaking the political, legal, and even physical space of Basra and its environs” (p. 2). The paper is well written and skillfully embedded in wider historical literature and its findings are of relevance far beyond Middle Eastern area studies. It analyses the subtleties of multi-layered imperial rule with great finesse. Key themes like the intrusion of military-supported capitalism and the emergence of new social and economic hierarchies in the British empire, but also the legalistic creativity of colonial authorities, are woven together into a compelling narrative. The diverging interests of APOC and of colonial authorities are investigated with particular subtlety.","PeriodicalId":37102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arabian Studies","volume":"22 1","pages":"331 - 331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73286598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
AGAPS Graduate Paper Prize 2019: Call for Submissions AGAPS研究生论文奖2019:征稿
Journal of Arabian Studies Pub Date : 2018-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/21534764.2018.1556883
{"title":"AGAPS Graduate Paper Prize 2019: Call for Submissions","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/21534764.2018.1556883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21534764.2018.1556883","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37102,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arabian Studies","volume":"124 1","pages":"332 - 332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88621483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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