IF 3.1

Informatics Pub Date : 2024-06-14 DOI: 10.3390/informatics11020041

Rayanne A. Luke, George Shaw, G. Saarunya, Abolfazl Mollalo

{"title":"Identifying Long COVID Definitions, Predictors, and Risk Factors in the United States: A Scoping Review of Data Sources Utilizing Electronic Health Records","authors":"Rayanne A. Luke, George Shaw, G. Saarunya, Abolfazl Mollalo","doi":"10.3390/informatics11020041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics11020041","url":null,"abstract":"This scoping review explores the potential of electronic health records (EHR)-based studies to characterize long COVID. We screened all peer-reviewed publications in the English language from PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases until 14 September 2023, to identify the studies that defined or characterized long COVID based on data sources that utilized EHR in the United States, regardless of study design. We identified only 17 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Respiratory conditions were consistently significant in all studies, followed by poor well-being features (n = 14, 82%) and cardiovascular conditions (n = 12, 71%). Some articles (n = 7, 41%) used a long COVID-specific marker to define the study population, relying mainly on ICD-10 codes and clinical visits for post-COVID-19 conditions. Among studies exploring plausible long COVID (n = 10, 59%), the most common methods were RT-PCR and antigen tests. The time delay for EHR data extraction post-test varied, ranging from four weeks to more than three months; however, most studies considering plausible long COVID used a waiting period of 28 to 31 days. Our findings suggest a limited utilization of EHR-derived data sources in defining long COVID, with only 59% of these studies incorporating a validation step.","PeriodicalId":37100,"journal":{"name":"Informatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141342604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of the Epidemic Curve of the Waves of COVID-19 Using Integration of Functions and Neural Networks in Peru 利用函数积分和神经网络分析 COVID-19 波在秘鲁的流行曲线

IF 3.1

Informatics Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.3390/informatics11020040

Oliver Amadeo Vilca Huayta, Adolfo Carlos Jimenez Chura, Carlos Boris Sosa Maydana, Alioska Jessica Martínez García

{"title":"Analysis of the Epidemic Curve of the Waves of COVID-19 Using Integration of Functions and Neural Networks in Peru","authors":"Oliver Amadeo Vilca Huayta, Adolfo Carlos Jimenez Chura, Carlos Boris Sosa Maydana, Alioska Jessica Martínez García","doi":"10.3390/informatics11020040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics11020040","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic continues to claim victims. According to the World Health Organization, in the 28 days leading up to 25 February 2024 alone, the number of deaths from COVID-19 was 7141. In this work, we aimed to model the waves of COVID-19 through artificial neural networks (ANNs) and the sigmoidal–Boltzmann model. The study variable was the global cumulative number of deaths according to days, based on the Peru dataset. Additionally, the variables were adapted to determine the correlation between social isolation measures and death rates, which constitutes a novel contribution. A quantitative methodology was used that implemented a non-experimental, longitudinal, and correlational design. The study was retrospective. The results show that the sigmoidal and ANN models were reasonably representative and could help to predict the spread of COVID-19 over the course of multiple waves. Furthermore, the results were precise, with a Pearson correlation coefficient greater than 0.999. The computational sigmoidal–Boltzmann model was also time-efficient. Moreover, the Spearman correlation between social isolation measures and death rates was 0.77, which is acceptable considering that the social isolation variable is qualitative. Finally, we concluded that social isolation measures had a significant effect on reducing deaths from COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":37100,"journal":{"name":"Informatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141374673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MSProfileR: An Open-Source Software for Quality Control of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Spectra MSProfileR：用于基质辅助激光解吸电离-飞行时间光谱质量控制的开源软件

IF 3.1

Informatics Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.3390/informatics11020039

Refka Ben Hamouda, Bertrand Estellon, Khalil Himet, Aimen Cherif, Hugo Marthinet, Jean-Marie Loreau, Gaëtan Texier, Samuel Granjeaud, Lionel Almeras

{"title":"MSProfileR: An Open-Source Software for Quality Control of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Spectra","authors":"Refka Ben Hamouda, Bertrand Estellon, Khalil Himet, Aimen Cherif, Hugo Marthinet, Jean-Marie Loreau, Gaëtan Texier, Samuel Granjeaud, Lionel Almeras","doi":"10.3390/informatics11020039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics11020039","url":null,"abstract":"In the early 2000s, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) emerged as a performant and relevant tool for identifying micro-organisms. Since then, it has become practically essential for identifying bacteria in microbiological diagnostic laboratories. In the last decade, it was successfully applied for arthropod identification, allowing researchers to distinguish vectors from non-vectors of infectious diseases. However, identification failures are not rare, hampering its wide use. Failure is generally attributed either to the absence of respective counter species MS spectra in the database or to the insufficient quality of query MS spectra (i.e., lower intensity and diversity of MS peaks detected). To avoid matching errors due to non-compliant spectra, the development of a strategy for detecting and excluding outlier MS profiles became compulsory. To this end, we created MSProfileR, an R package leading to a bioinformatics tool through a simple installation, integrating a control quality system of MS spectra and an analysis pipeline including peak detection and MS spectra comparisons. MSProfileR can also add metadata concerning the sample that the spectra are derived from. MSProfileR has been developed in the R environment and offers a user-friendly web interface using the R Shiny framework. It is available on Microsoft Windows as a web browser application by simple navigation using the link of the package on Github v.3.10.0. MSProfileR is therefore accessible to non-computer specialists and is freely available to the scientific community. We evaluated MSProfileR using two datasets including exclusively MS spectra from arthropods. In addition to coherent sample classification, outlier MS spectra were detected in each dataset confirming the value of MSProfileR.","PeriodicalId":37100,"journal":{"name":"Informatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141379348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysing the Impact of Generative AI in Arts Education: A Cross-Disciplinary Perspective of Educators and Students in Higher Education 分析生成式人工智能对艺术教育的影响：高等教育中教育工作者和学生的跨学科视角

IF 3.1

Informatics Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.3390/informatics11020037

Sara Sáez-Velasco, Mario Alaguero-Rodríguez, V. Delgado-Benito, S. Rodríguez-Cano

{"title":"Analysing the Impact of Generative AI in Arts Education: A Cross-Disciplinary Perspective of Educators and Students in Higher Education","authors":"Sara Sáez-Velasco, Mario Alaguero-Rodríguez, V. Delgado-Benito, S. Rodríguez-Cano","doi":"10.3390/informatics11020037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics11020037","url":null,"abstract":"Generative AI refers specifically to a class of Artificial Intelligence models that use existing data to create new content that reflects the underlying patterns of real-world data. This contribution presents a study that aims to show what the current perception of arts educators and students of arts education is with regard to generative Artificial Intelligence. It is a qualitative research study using focus groups as a data collection technique in order to obtain an overview of the participating subjects. The research design consists of two phases: (1) generation of illustrations from prompts by students, professionals and a generative AI tool; and (2) focus groups with students (N = 5) and educators (N = 5) of artistic education. In general, the perception of educators and students coincides in the usefulness of generative AI as a tool to support the generation of illustrations. However, they agree that the human factor cannot be replaced by generative AI. The results obtained allow us to conclude that generative AI can be used as a motivating educational strategy for arts education.","PeriodicalId":37100,"journal":{"name":"Informatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141271044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chatbot Technology Use and Acceptance Using Educational Personas 使用教育人物角色的聊天机器人技术使用和接受情况

IF 3.1

Informatics Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.3390/informatics11020038

Fatima Ali Amer jid Almahri, David Bell, Zameer Gulzar

{"title":"Chatbot Technology Use and Acceptance Using Educational Personas","authors":"Fatima Ali Amer jid Almahri, David Bell, Zameer Gulzar","doi":"10.3390/informatics11020038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics11020038","url":null,"abstract":"Chatbots are computer programs that mimic human conversation using text or voice or both. Users’ acceptance of chatbots is highly influenced by their persona. Users develop a sense of familiarity with chatbots as they use them, so they become more approachable, and this encourages them to interact with the chatbots more readily by fostering favorable opinions of the technology. In this study, we examine the moderating effects of persona traits on students’ acceptance and use of chatbot technology at higher educational institutions in the UK. We use an Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (Extended UTAUT2). Through a self-administrated survey using a questionnaire, data were collected from 431 undergraduate and postgraduate computer science students. This study employed a Likert scale to measure the variables associated with chatbot acceptance. To evaluate the gathered data, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) coupled with multi-group analysis (MGA) using SmartPLS3 were used. The estimated Cronbach’s alpha highlighted the accuracy and legitimacy of the findings. The results showed that the emerging factors that influence students’ adoption and use of chatbot technology were habit, effort expectancy, and performance expectancy. Additionally, it was discovered that the Extended UTAUT2 model did not require grades or educational level to moderate the correlations. These results are important for improving user experience and they have implications for academics, researchers, and organizations, especially in the context of native chatbots.","PeriodicalId":37100,"journal":{"name":"Informatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141271983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Machine Learning and Deep Learning Sentiment Analysis Models: Case Study on the SENT-COVID Corpus of Tweets in Mexican Spanish 机器学习和深度学习情感分析模型：墨西哥西班牙语推文 SENT-COVID 语料库案例研究

IF 3.1

Informatics Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.3390/informatics11020024

Helena Gómez-Adorno, G. Bel-Enguix, Gerardo Sierra, Juan-Carlos Barajas, William Álvarez

{"title":"Machine Learning and Deep Learning Sentiment Analysis Models: Case Study on the SENT-COVID Corpus of Tweets in Mexican Spanish","authors":"Helena Gómez-Adorno, G. Bel-Enguix, Gerardo Sierra, Juan-Carlos Barajas, William Álvarez","doi":"10.3390/informatics11020024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics11020024","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a comprehensive evaluation of traditional machine learning and deep learning models in analyzing sentiment trends within the SENT-COVID Twitter corpus, curated during the COVID-19 pandemic. The corpus, filtered by COVID-19 related keywords and manually annotated for polarity, is a pivotal resource for conducting sentiment analysis experiments. Our study investigates various approaches, including classic vector-based systems such as word2vec, doc2vec, and diverse phrase modeling techniques, alongside Spanish pre-trained BERT models. We assess the performance of readily available sentiment analysis libraries for Python users, including TextBlob, VADER, and Pysentimiento. Additionally, we implement and evaluate traditional classification algorithms such as Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machines, and simple neural networks like Multilayer Perceptron. Throughout the research, we explore different dimensionality reduction techniques. This methodology enables a precise comparison among classification methods, with BETO-uncased achieving the highest accuracy of 0.73 on the test set. Our findings underscore the efficacy and applicability of traditional machine learning and deep learning models in analyzing sentiment trends within the context of low-resource Spanish language scenarios and emerging topics like COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":37100,"journal":{"name":"Informatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140670118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Survey of Vision-Based Methods for Surface Defects’ Detection and Classification in Steel Products 基于视觉的钢铁产品表面缺陷检测和分类方法概览

IF 3.1

Informatics Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.3390/informatics11020025

A. A. M. S. Ibrahim, J. Tapamo

引用次数: 0

Systematic Review of English/Arabic Machine Translation Postediting: Implications for AI Application in Translation Research and Pedagogy 英语/阿拉伯语机器翻译发布的系统回顾：人工智能应用于翻译研究和教学的意义

IF 3.1

Informatics Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.3390/informatics11020023

L. I. Omar, A. Salih

{"title":"Systematic Review of English/Arabic Machine Translation Postediting: Implications for AI Application in Translation Research and Pedagogy","authors":"L. I. Omar, A. Salih","doi":"10.3390/informatics11020023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics11020023","url":null,"abstract":"The twenty-first century has witnessed an extensive evolution in translation practice thanks to the accelerated progress in machine translation tools and software. With the increased scalability and availability of machine translation software empowered by artificial intelligence, translation students and practitioners have continued to show an unwavering reliance on automatic translation systems. Academically, there is little recognition of the need to develop machine translation skillsets amongst translation learners in English/Arabic translation programs. This study provides a systematic review of machine translation postediting with reference to English/Arabic machine translation. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, the paper reviewed 60 studies conducted since the beginning of the twenty-first century and classified them by different metrics to identify relevant trends and research gaps. The results showed that research on the topic has been primarily prescriptive, concentrating on evaluating and developing machine translation software while neglecting aspects related to translators’ skillsets and competencies. The paper highlights the significance of postediting as an important digital literacy to be developed among Arabic translation students and the need to bridge the existing research and pedagogic gap in MT education.","PeriodicalId":37100,"journal":{"name":"Informatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140673257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Digital Transformation in Omani Higher Education: Assessing Student Adoption of Video Communication during the COVID-19 Pandemic 阿曼高等教育的数字化转型：评估 COVID-19 大流行期间学生对视频通信的采用情况

IF 3.1

Informatics Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.3390/informatics11020021

Fatima Amer jid Almahri, I. Salem, A. Elbaz, Hassan Aideed, Zameer Gulzar

引用次数: 0

Optimization of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Management: Novel Decision Support via Unsupervised Machine Learning 优化阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停管理：通过无监督机器学习提供新颖的决策支持

IF 3.1

Informatics Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.3390/informatics11020022

Arthur Pinheiro de Araújo Costa, A. Terra, Claudio de Souza Rocha Junior, Igor Pinheiro de Araújo Costa, M. Moreira, Marcos dos Santos, C. F. Gomes, Antonio Sergio da Silva

{"title":"Optimization of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Management: Novel Decision Support via Unsupervised Machine Learning","authors":"Arthur Pinheiro de Araújo Costa, A. Terra, Claudio de Souza Rocha Junior, Igor Pinheiro de Araújo Costa, M. Moreira, Marcos dos Santos, C. F. Gomes, Antonio Sergio da Silva","doi":"10.3390/informatics11020022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics11020022","url":null,"abstract":"This study addresses Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), which impacts around 936 million adults globally. The research introduces a novel decision support method named Communalities on Ranking and Objective Weights Method (CROWM), which employs principal component analysis (PCA), unsupervised Machine Learning techniques, and Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) to calculate performance criteria weights of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP—key in managing OSA) and to evaluate these devices. Uniquely, the CROWM incorporates non-beneficial criteria in PCA and employs communalities to accurately represent the performance evaluation of alternatives within each resulting principal factor, allowing for a more accurate and robust analysis of alternatives and variables. This article aims to employ CROWM to evaluate CPAP for effectiveness in combating OSA, considering six performance criteria: resources, warranty, noise, weight, cost, and maintenance. Validated by established tests and sensitivity analysis against traditional methods, CROWM proves its consistency, efficiency, and superiority in decision-making support. This method is poised to influence assertive decision-making significantly, aiding healthcare professionals, researchers, and patients in selecting optimal CPAP solutions, thereby advancing patient care in an interdisciplinary research context.","PeriodicalId":37100,"journal":{"name":"Informatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140684960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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