Images (Poland)Pub Date : 2023-01-05DOI: 10.14746/i.2022.41.15
M. Adamczak, Sławomir Salomon
{"title":"Jak działać, gdy „nobody knows anything”? Prawidłowości pośród wyników frekwencyjnych filmów w dystrybucji kinowej","authors":"M. Adamczak, Sławomir Salomon","doi":"10.14746/i.2022.41.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/i.2022.41.15","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The distribution sector, contrary to film production, was not subsidized in 21st-century Poland from public funds, with only very rare exceptions. The distribution sector demands high levels of investment with regard to advertising movies and the necessity of building awareness of the titles before releasing them. The investment could be profitable but, in the case of a box office flop, becomes a permanent loss. Operating in the distribution sector is inevitably a high-risk endeavour. Predicting box office results is the key element of risk assessment made by distributors. The specificity of the film market and future results of the movies seem to be determined by uncertainty and unpredictability, according to William Goldman’s famous dictum nobody knows anything. However, distributors were able to develop a few ways to assess future box office results, at least roughly. The tendency to establish franchises and whole universes, the role of the opening weekend, the types of weekly results trajectories and the impact of major festival awards for the box office result are described in the article. In the case of the latter, the brand and capacity of the distributor seems to be more relevant than the award itself, which leads to conclusions about the crucial and probably still underestimated role of the distribution sector in the cinema. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":37086,"journal":{"name":"Images (Poland)","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81474237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Images (Poland)Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.14746/i.2021.39.05
J. Bohdziewicz
{"title":"Transfiguracja – Piękna złośnica Jacques’a Rivette’a w świetle mimo-sekularnej myśli o filmie i mediach światłowodowych","authors":"J. Bohdziewicz","doi":"10.14746/i.2021.39.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/i.2021.39.05","url":null,"abstract":"The essay is an interpretation of the film by Jacques Rivette La Belle Noiseuse (1991) within the context of post-secular studies. The sketch is inspired primarily by the writings of Martin Heidegger and Jean-Luc Nancy, and it also corresponds with the Bible and biblical studies. The author describes the creative process shown in the film as an act of salvation which occurs between the painter and his model. The hiding of the resulting image is understood here in relation to the passion, cross and burial of Jesus which brings the hope for a liberated life and “the new creation”. The film is made in a very consistent way, which opens up the perspective of crossing the world of images, paintings and classical films (the world of stage), towards the art of mutual respect (the world of interface). Rivette’s work contains a multitude of relevant observations and indications regarding psychology, religion and culture, but it also reveals the possibility of a new way of thinking about film and the media, close to Nancy’s post-metaphysical thought.","PeriodicalId":37086,"journal":{"name":"Images (Poland)","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83666056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Images (Poland)Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.14746/i.2021.39.10
J. Czaja
{"title":"W poszukiwaniu hierofanii – o filmie Góra Sulejmana Jelizawiety Stiszowej","authors":"J. Czaja","doi":"10.14746/i.2021.39.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/i.2021.39.10","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of the article is Elizaveta Stishova's film Suleiman Mountain, the action of which focuses on the Kyrgyz mountain, surrounded by religious veneration. The title place is treated as a spatial hierophany, that is, according to Mircea Eliade's concept, a place where and through which the sacred is revealed. The text will analyze the film's space-time and its symbolic dimension, and the characters' relations with the title place, especially the relationship between women and the mountain and its mythical character. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":37086,"journal":{"name":"Images (Poland)","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84169997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Images (Poland)Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.14746/i.2021.39.01
Adam Domalewski
{"title":"Główne nurty w badaniach nad filmem i religią","authors":"Adam Domalewski","doi":"10.14746/i.2021.39.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/i.2021.39.01","url":null,"abstract":"The article is a meta-study and provides an original typology of research on film and religion, based on Polish and English academic sources. The author proposes to divide this field of research into four main domains, which he names successively: substantial-theological, anthropological-mythological, socio-cultural and post-secular. The following descriptive criteria were used to introduce this division: the relationship between religion and culture adopted (usually implicitly) in a given direction of research, the concept of both human and religion emerging from them, and the established subject and scope of research, as well as the basic set of tools used within them. The proposed systematic is intended to help capture the significant differences between the main types of research on film and religion, both in terms of research assumptions, methods of analysis, and set goals.","PeriodicalId":37086,"journal":{"name":"Images (Poland)","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73385572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Images (Poland)Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.14746/i.2021.39.15
Witold Stok
{"title":"Shimmer and whisper","authors":"Witold Stok","doi":"10.14746/i.2021.39.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/i.2021.39.15","url":null,"abstract":"The author of the article, one of the acclaimed Polish cinematographers, describes his practical eforts involved in making two short documentary films on Holocaust directed by him. The first one,Sonderzug (1978), was based on Stok’s idea to recreate his first emotional reaction to the landscape around Treblinka in the film that lasts 9 minutes, as long as the way of the Jews from the ramp to their end in the death camp. The other film, Prayer (1981), is the portrayal of a Japanese Buddhist monk praying at the site of the former Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp. The formal inspiration of the film came from Japanese visual art.","PeriodicalId":37086,"journal":{"name":"Images (Poland)","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74112737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Images (Poland)Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.14746/i.2021.39.08
K. Kornacki
{"title":"Protest kobiet. Wizerunek katolicyzmu w wytwórczości współczesnych polskich reżyserek","authors":"K. Kornacki","doi":"10.14746/i.2021.39.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/i.2021.39.08","url":null,"abstract":"In the second decade of the 20th century (especially in the years 2016-2020), a significant number of films by Polish female directors were released in which Catholicism and the Catholic Church were attacked. They were: W imię… [In the Name of…], Body/ciało [Body], Twarz (Mug) and Córka boga [The Other Lamb] – all directed by Małgorzata Szumowska; Dzikie róże [Wild Roses] by Anna Jadowska, Pokot [Spoor] by Agnieszka Holland and Kasia Adamik, Wieża. Jasny dzień [Tower. A Bright Day] by Jagoda Szelc, Powrót, [Back Home] by Magdalena Łazarkiewicz, Maryjki [Marygoround] by Daria Woszek, as well as a documentary Komunia [Communion] by Anna Zamecka. The polemic related to the above-mentioned movies commented on the religiosity of Catholics and the quality of the institutional church (priests, hierarchies, methods of ministering and teaching), religious control and repression of corporeality and sexuality (including female sexuality), and Catholicism as the foundation of the patriarchal system. These films also feature elements of the \"positive program\", a proposal for a new cultural paradigm (new spirituality), organized around Nature, with the suggestion of matriarchy. From the point of view of social communication, the content and poetics of above-mentioned the films were similar, according to the author, to the content of the protests of the Ogólnopolski Strajk Kobiet (Polish Women's Strike), which demonstrated in 2016 and 2020 against the tightening of abortion laws.","PeriodicalId":37086,"journal":{"name":"Images (Poland)","volume":"159 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77900435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Images (Poland)Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.14746/i.2021.39.07
Krzysztof Kopczyński
{"title":"Religious and quasi-religious attitudes in four Polish documentaries from 2008–2019","authors":"Krzysztof Kopczyński","doi":"10.14746/i.2021.39.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/i.2021.39.07","url":null,"abstract":"The paper aims to present different ways of showing religious and quasi-religious attitudes in contemporary Polish documentaries. The discussion is based on four feature-length films: Kites by Beata Dzianowicz (2008), Communion by Anna Zamecka (2016), Who Will Write Our History by Roberta Grossman (2018), and Tell No One by Tomasz Sekielski (2019). The author evaluates the methodological usefulness of reflection in the documentary of the “religious film” category used in Polish research and the concept of “transcendent(al) style” taken from Paul Schrader’s book. Occasionally touching upon the question of the relationship with audiences, the author also mentions the paradigm of Polish Romanticism present in contemporary culture.","PeriodicalId":37086,"journal":{"name":"Images (Poland)","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83119952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Images (Poland)Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.14746/i.2021.39.11
Justyna Machaj
{"title":"Symbolika barw w „sakralnym” kinie Kantemira Bałagowa","authors":"Justyna Machaj","doi":"10.14746/i.2021.39.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/i.2021.39.11","url":null,"abstract":"Celem pracy jest analiza twórczości filmowej rosyjskiego reżysera i scenarzysty Kantemira Bałagowa. Na podstawie dwóch pełnometrażowych produkcji – Bliskości (2017) oraz Wysokiej dziewczyny (2019) zwrócono uwagę na formalny aspekt wymienionych filmów, rolę feminizacji narracji historycznej, a także złożoną sieć inspiracji (kinowe klasyki i rosyjska literatura). Istotnym dla twórczości Bałagowa jest kontekst społeczno-polityczny Rosji, który służy omawianemu twórcy jako narzędzie rewizji narodowych mitów. Uzupełnieniem rozległego portretu reżysera jest charakterystyka twórczości Aleksandra Sokurowa, wprowadzająca istotny dla badań aspekt prawosławnego ikonopisarstwa. Autorka wskazuje, że kluczy interpretacyjnych dla twórczości Sokurowa i Bałagowa należy poszukać właśnie w symbolice prawosławnych ikon. Ambicją niniejszej pracy jest poszerzenie aktualnego stanu badań nad filmografią Kantemira Bałagowa, który obecnie ogranicza się do premierowych recenzji oraz festiwalowych wywiadów.","PeriodicalId":37086,"journal":{"name":"Images (Poland)","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80816750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Images (Poland)Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.14746/i.2021.39.04
T. Kłys
{"title":"Abel Gance po trzykroć oskarża: metafizyka i apokaliptyczna wyobraźnia w służbie pacyfizmu","authors":"T. Kłys","doi":"10.14746/i.2021.39.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/i.2021.39.04","url":null,"abstract":"This text is inspired by monumental and editorially perfect BluRay/DVD box set J’accuse (Gaumont, Paris 2017). It includes BluRay and DVD editions of all three J’accuse films (1919, 1937, 1956), two other Gance’s films, specifying the context of „trilogy” (Les Gaz mortels, 1916 and La Fin du monde, 1931) and the large director’s monography by Laurent Véray. From this revelatory archive emerges the image of Abel Gance as an artist who for 40 years of his filmmaker’s career was incessantly reworking deep trauma caused by World War One. It resulted in three J’accuse films, two other finished films and some other never realized screenplays and projects which made up particular work-in-progress whose mission is a message of peace. The text analyzes all three versions of J’accuse, concentrating on their allegorical style, metaphysical concept of ressurrection of fallen soldiers and apocalyptic vision of resurrected dead men’s processions which by its horror should persuade the mankind to stop all wars. In the last J’accuse (1956) – in fact, strongly shortened and reedited film from 1937 – Gance used the technique of triptych in which the picture was projected by three parallelly set projectors on the large screen with proportions 4:1. This version, immersing perceptually and sensorically spectator in the wide-format picture full of war horrors, today seems to be much more effective medium for message of peace than undecided between pacifism and patriotism, impressionistic in its style film from 1919, or laden with full of pathos verbal rhetorics J’accuse 1937.","PeriodicalId":37086,"journal":{"name":"Images (Poland)","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74932922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Images (Poland)Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.14746/i.2021.39.09
Beata Waligórska-Olejniczak
{"title":"Andrey Zvyagintsev’s Loveless as the remediation of Mikhail Bulgakov’s The heart of a dog. Towards the question of cultural memory","authors":"Beata Waligórska-Olejniczak","doi":"10.14746/i.2021.39.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/i.2021.39.09","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims to examine the relationship between two texts: Loveless (Нелюбовь, 2017), the latest of Andrey Zvyagintsev’s feature films, and The Heart of a Dog (Собачье сердце, 1925), one of Mikhail Bulgakov’s most popular short stories. The studies are focused on finding the parallels showing the work of cultural memory, which is understood – following Aleida Assmann’s and Astrid Erll’s findings – as the process of continuous remediation, retranscription and negotiation of essential ideas in the space of culture. Consequently, the author is not interested in treating Zvyagintsev’s text as the illustration of Bulgakov’s plot, but rather in discussing certain topics which are deposited in Russian literature and constantly reused and reinterpreted, creating the framework for communication across ‘the abyss of time’. The analogies between the selected texts are sought in the area of their structure, some thematic overlapping, the authors’ approach to the issue of the authoritarian ideology and the role of technology as well as in exploring the function of space as one of the narrative mechanisms, in particular in the context of the category of home and anti-home.","PeriodicalId":37086,"journal":{"name":"Images (Poland)","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81791938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}