Journal of Urban Ecology最新文献_第4页

Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) indicators for municipalities: a comprehensive monitoring approach from Germany 城市可持续发展目标(SDG)指标:德国的综合监测方法

Journal of Urban Ecology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jue/juac020

Jasmin Jossin, Oliver Peters

{"title":"Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) indicators for municipalities: a comprehensive monitoring approach from Germany","authors":"Jasmin Jossin, Oliver Peters","doi":"10.1093/jue/juac020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jue/juac020","url":null,"abstract":"While the 2030 agenda addresses the United Nation member states primarily at their national levels, municipalities play a crucial role in implementing all of the 17 SDGs and many of the 169 targets. These processes must be monitored and evaluated. However, the UN indicators are not sufficiently applicable to the local context. Therefore, a multi-stakeholder working group was formed in Germany to develop a comprehensive set of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) indicators for municipalities, together with additional instruments to support local SDG monitoring such as an SDG data portal. The first catalogue which included 47 core SDG indicators was published in 2018. According to consecutive evaluations and practical tests, the indicator set was substantially expanded and revised to a final number of 120 SDG indicators. About half of the 120 indicators are provided with local-level data and the other half must be assessed individually for comprehensive local SDG monitoring. Likewise, accompanying tools were relaunched with additional functionalities. Although this new and unique set of indicators now covers a majority of the municipally relevant targets, there are still some decisive monitoring gaps for various reasons. The strengths and weaknesses of our methodological approach, as well as implications for future research and practical developments, are discussed.","PeriodicalId":37022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61022204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Habitat model for wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Bukhansan National Park, Seoul 首尔北汉山国立公园野猪(Sus scrofa)的栖息地模型

Journal of Urban Ecology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jue/juac027

Ohsun Lee, P. Schlichting, Yeong-Seok Jo

{"title":"Habitat model for wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Bukhansan National Park, Seoul","authors":"Ohsun Lee, P. Schlichting, Yeong-Seok Jo","doi":"10.1093/jue/juac027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jue/juac027","url":null,"abstract":"Since the first known sighting in 2004, wild boar have frequently appeared in Seoul causing increased human–wildlife conflicts. Although South Korea designated wild boar as a ‘pest’ species, limited ecological information exists concerning habitat preference and use of the largest wild mammal in the country. Based on 213 presence points, we modeled wild boar habitat preference in Bukhansan National Park, Seoul and validated the model. We analyzed boar presence with 25 raster datasets using MaxEnt, software for species distribution model using maximum entropy modeling algorithm. Slope (23.4%) was the greatest contributing factor for the habitat model, followed by Temperature seasonality (20.4%) and forest type (16.9%), while Precipitation of driest quarter (37.6%) was the most important factor (normalized contribution) of the model, followed by Temperature seasonality (18.9%) and slope (15.4%). Field verification of the model confirmed that the density of boar signs and rooting are twice as high in the area with high MaxEnt values (over 0.7). The habitat model of wild boar will assist habitat management and further our understanding of how to mitigate human–wild boar conflict.","PeriodicalId":37022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61023074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diverse perceptions of supply and demand of cultural ecosystem services offered by urban green spaces in Dhaka, Bangladesh 对孟加拉国达卡城市绿地提供的文化生态系统服务的不同供需看法

Journal of Urban Ecology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jue/juac003

R. Sultana, S. Selim, Md. Shafiul Alam

{"title":"Diverse perceptions of supply and demand of cultural ecosystem services offered by urban green spaces in Dhaka, Bangladesh","authors":"R. Sultana, S. Selim, Md. Shafiul Alam","doi":"10.1093/jue/juac003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jue/juac003","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding inhabitants' perceptions of cultural ecosystem services (CES) of urban green space will offer solutions to sustainability challenges. This study aimed to analyse the social perceptions of the supply and demand sides of CES in Dhaka City. A questionnaire-based social preference method was used. Questions in the survey concerned the respondents' satisfaction with green spaces, connected activities, limitations, CES preference and motivation. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to the 405 surveyed questionnaire data to understand variation in respondents' opinions. Respondents were mostly dissatisfied with the quantity of green spaces. Respondents' family status and age influenced their satisfaction with green space quantity. Single and teenage respondents prefer green space for active recreational activities, whereas young and old respondents preferred passive kinds of recreational activities. Both space-related issues and respondents' barriers limited CES provisioning. This contextual factor particularly affected female, single and young respondents. Respondents most preferred CES was recreation. Respondents' gender, family status and age are drivers for differing perceptions of the green space-based CES. To develop sustainable city planning in the face of global environmental change, those divergent perceptions should be taken into consideration through urban development strategies. Moreover, understanding the supply and demand sides of CES help facilitate a more inclusive planning process to address urban sustainability issues.","PeriodicalId":37022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61021505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Assessment of ecosystem services for urban regions in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals exemplified by the Bonn/Rhein-Sieg region 可持续发展目标背景下城市区域生态系统服务评估，以波恩/莱茵-西格地区为例

Journal of Urban Ecology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jue/juac018

Johannes Klement, J. Mutke, M. Weigend, Wiltrud Terlau

{"title":"Assessment of ecosystem services for urban regions in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals exemplified by the Bonn/Rhein-Sieg region","authors":"Johannes Klement, J. Mutke, M. Weigend, Wiltrud Terlau","doi":"10.1093/jue/juac018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jue/juac018","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the conservation and protection of nature are among the greatest challenges facing urban regions. There are few approaches so far that link the SDGs to natural diversity and related ecosystem services at the local level and track them in terms of increasing sustainable development at the local level. We want to close this gap by developing a set of indicators that capture ecosystem services in the sense of the SDGs and which are based on data that are freely available throughout Germany and Europe. Based on 10 SDGs and 35 SDG indicators, we are developing an ecosystem service and biodiversity-related indicator set for the evaluation of sustainable development in urban areas. We further show that it is possible to close many of the data gaps between SDGs and locally collected data mentioned in the literature and to translate the universal SDGs to the local level. Our example develops this set of indicators for the Bonn/Rhein-Sieg metropolitan area in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, which comprises both rural and densely populated settlements. This set of indicators can also help improve communication and plan sustainable development by increasing transparency in local sustainability, implementing a visible sustainability monitoring system, and strengthening the collaboration between local stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":37022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61021898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The relationship between plant and butterfly richness and composition and socioecological drivers in five adjacent cities along the Mediterranean Coast of Israel 以色列地中海沿岸5个相邻城市植物和蝴蝶丰富度、组成及社会生态驱动因素的关系

Journal of Urban Ecology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jue/juac001

Itay Keren, D. Malkinson, M. Dorman, Amir Balaban, P. Bar (Kutiel)

{"title":"The relationship between plant and butterfly richness and composition and socioecological drivers in five adjacent cities along the Mediterranean Coast of Israel","authors":"Itay Keren, D. Malkinson, M. Dorman, Amir Balaban, P. Bar (Kutiel)","doi":"10.1093/jue/juac001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jue/juac001","url":null,"abstract":"Urbanization is the land-use process that most significantly impacts flora and fauna. We conducted a multiple city comparison of two taxa to assess whether richness patterns are similar across cities and taxa. This study aimed to examine the effects socioecological factors, namely open area size, socioeconomic status and the built-up cover, on species richness and composition of plants and butterflies in five adjacent Mediterranean cities in Israel’s coastal plain. Vegetation surveys were conducted in 170 open area sites in various urban settings. In 34 of them, the presence of butterfly species was also recorded. Mixed-effect generalized linear models were used to examine the site's characteristics effect on the species richness. The identity of each city was included as a random effect in the models. Results indicated that overall plant species richness increased with patch size, whereas butterfly richness was not associated with this factor. Plant and butterfly species richness in all categories decreased with the increase in building cover, except for endemic plant species. The results demonstrate the complex contribution of urban open area patches to the biodiversity of different taxa, being conditional on their size, surrounding built-up area and socioeconomic values.","PeriodicalId":37022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Ecology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61021418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bridging urban morphology and urban ecology: a framework to identify morpho-ecological periods and patterns in the urban ecosystem 桥梁城市形态和城市生态学:一个识别城市生态系统中形态生态时期和模式的框架

Journal of Urban Ecology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jue/juac007

E. Palazzo

{"title":"Bridging urban morphology and urban ecology: a framework to identify morpho-ecological periods and patterns in the urban ecosystem","authors":"E. Palazzo","doi":"10.1093/jue/juac007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jue/juac007","url":null,"abstract":"In a perspective of exceptional environmental change, the role of unbuilt and green spaces to improve urban resilience has increasingly attracted the interest of the scientific community. The conceptualisation of cities as urban landscapes has drawn a parallel between their spatial and ecological dimensions. Both urban morphology and urban ecology have examined the structure of cities form. However, we still do not completely understand how anthropogenic processes and ecosystems have been dynamically interacting in the formation of the urban structure. Thus, this article carries out a comprehensive analysis of built and unbuilt spaces in a case study with the objective to reveal the underlying morpho-ecological periods and patterns in the urban ecosystem. Morphological periods (temporal analysis) and ecological patterns (spatial analysis) are examined in combination through the hypothesis of nested scales at different resolutions operated at the macro, meso and micro levels of the urban landscape. By identifying common denominators across urban morphology and landscape ecology, the study is also a contribution to interdisciplinary research. The proposed framework set up the foundation for a more systematic quantitative assessment of the urban ecosystem across different disciplinary traditions while supporting a new urban landscape design culture based on the evidence of ecological constructs. An accurate explanation of how built forms symbiotically interacted with the ecological dimensions of the landscape over time is also crucial to predict the effects of environmental change and promote future sustainable planning agendas.","PeriodicalId":37022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61021667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Urban bird diversity: does abundance and richness vary unexpectedly with green space attributes? 城市鸟类多样性:丰度和丰富度是否随绿地属性发生意外变化?

Journal of Urban Ecology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jue/juac017

Rebecca Thompson, M. Tamayo, Snorri Sigurðsson

{"title":"Urban bird diversity: does abundance and richness vary unexpectedly with green space attributes?","authors":"Rebecca Thompson, M. Tamayo, Snorri Sigurðsson","doi":"10.1093/jue/juac017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jue/juac017","url":null,"abstract":"Urban bird diversity has been shown to be a useful indicator of overall biodiversity in urban green spaces. Attributes of green spaces (size, location and age) vary within a city and can influence bird diversity. To understand the relationship between bird diversity and green space attributes, we assessed bird abundance and richness in several green spaces in Reykjavik, Iceland. Fifteen green spaces were selected, representing different size categories (small: <5 ha and large: 7–41 ha) and different locations within the urban sprawl (central and suburban). Thirteen transect surveys were conducted at each park from March to September 2020. Abundance, species richness, the Shannon diversity index and evenness were compared across parks. Abundance, Shannon index and evenness were significantly higher in large, intermediate-aged parks with residential urban contexts (P < 0.05). Richness did not vary significantly with park size but was significantly higher in old- and intermediate-age parks that were centrally located (P < 0.005). Bird diversity did not vary significantly over the survey season. For abundance, our results were expected: the larger the park, the greater the abundance. However, contrary to most studies, the suburbs of Reykjavik had less richness than the city center. Furthermore, park size was not relevant for richness, which is the main factor in other cities (e.g. London, Boston). These differences in response indicate that abundance and richness should be considered simultaneously when monitoring urban bird diversity. Lastly, small urban parks (<5 ha) should not be disregarded in urban planning, especially in high latitude cities.","PeriodicalId":37022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61021858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Surviving in cities: the case of a year-round territorial bird in the Neotropics 在城市中生存:新热带地区一年四季的领地鸟的案例

Journal of Urban Ecology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jue/juac006

Roselvy Juárez, V. Ruiz‐Gutierrez, L. Sandoval

{"title":"Surviving in cities: the case of a year-round territorial bird in the Neotropics","authors":"Roselvy Juárez, V. Ruiz‐Gutierrez, L. Sandoval","doi":"10.1093/jue/juac006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jue/juac006","url":null,"abstract":"Urban expansion has been identified as one of the main threats to biodiversity because it can negatively affect wildlife populations. However, wildlife population dynamics have not been studied in one of the most rapidly urbanizing regions in the world—the Neotropics. To examine the effect of urbanization on the population dynamics of Neotropical wildlife, we used recapture data from a marked population (2011–2017) of White-eared Ground-Sparrow (Melozone leucotis) across an urban–rural gradient in the Costa Rican Central Valley. Additionally, we tested if this effect differed between males and females. Contrary to our prediction, ground-sparrow survival rates were higher in urban and suburban sites than in the rural site, and we found that survival was positively correlated to the proportion of urban surface inside each territory (β = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.71–0.97). We did not find differences in survival rates between the sexes and the mean survival rate was high overall (0.79 ± 0.06). Surprisingly, our results suggest that the survival rate of this urban avoider is positively influenced by urbanization, and therefore, suggest that the potential cost to some urban avoiders may not be driven by reduced survival in more urbanized environments, and could be driven by reductions in other vital rates. Therefore, we encourage research to evaluate multiple vital rates of urban avoiders and urban adapters to achieve more comprehensive knowledge on how urbanization is affecting avian populations in the Neotropics.","PeriodicalId":37022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61021592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of streetlights on physiology, biochemistry and diversity of urban bryophyte: a case study on moss Semibarbula orientalis 路灯对城市苔藓植物生理生化及多样性的影响——以半叶藓为例

Journal of Urban Ecology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jue/juac019

U. Bhatt, Shubhangani Sharma, Deepak Kumar, V. Soni

{"title":"Impact of streetlights on physiology, biochemistry and diversity of urban bryophyte: a case study on moss Semibarbula orientalis","authors":"U. Bhatt, Shubhangani Sharma, Deepak Kumar, V. Soni","doi":"10.1093/jue/juac019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jue/juac019","url":null,"abstract":"The use of artificial light at night is a very basic symbol of urbanization and has distorted many ecological, biochemical and physiological phenomena in plants, which have settled for millions of years in the biological system. Continuous illumination of light significantly alters the circadian rhythm of all organisms. The present study was focused to understand the effects of continuous light (CL) on the biochemistry and physiology of moss Semibarbula orientalis. It was observed that H2O2 accumulation and activities of chlorophyllase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes significantly enhanced in plants growing under streetlights. Similarly, plants under CL showed a marked reduction in photosynthetic performance. Specific fluxes (ABS/RC, TR/RC, ET/RC), phenomenological fluxes (ABS/CS, TR/CS, ET/CS), density of photosystem-II, quantum yield of photosynthesis and chlorophyll concentration markedly declined in plants growing under streetlights. Depletion in performance indices (PIcs and PIabs) and primary and secondary photochemistry [PHIO/(1 − PHIO) and PSIO/(1 − PSIO)] were also noticed, which indicated failure of adaptive strategies of photosystem-II, resulting in the loss of biomass of S. orientalis. Biomass decline is also shown by a decrease in coverage, which reduces the bryophyte species richness of the chosen locations. Present studies clearly indicate that artificial light at night drastically affects the moss population. The reduction in the dominating species, S. orientalis, improves species evenness and results in a slow growth rate.","PeriodicalId":37022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61021954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Implementing energy transition and SDGs targets throughout energy community schemes 通过能源社区计划实施能源转型和可持续发展目标

Journal of Urban Ecology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/jue/juac023

F. Cappellaro, Gianluca D'Agosta, Piero De Sabbata, Felipe Barroco, Claudia Carani, A. Borghetti, L. Lambertini, C. Nucci

{"title":"Implementing energy transition and SDGs targets throughout energy community schemes","authors":"F. Cappellaro, Gianluca D'Agosta, Piero De Sabbata, Felipe Barroco, Claudia Carani, A. Borghetti, L. Lambertini, C. Nucci","doi":"10.1093/jue/juac023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jue/juac023","url":null,"abstract":"Citizens are expected to play a great role in the future global energy transition, being able to give a decisive contribution to limit global warming to 1.5° and avoid the worst consequences. Empowering citizens is crucial and assigning them the role of prosumers in the new energy market is necessary to ensure a sustainable and fair pathway to the low-carbon energy transition. Creating energy communities (ECs) can also engage citizens by providing flexibility and ancillary services, reducing losses and curtailments in the grid. It also yields environmental and social benefits, activating virtuous circles in the local economy aligned with the SDGs of Agenda 2030. We illustrate the experience of an EC implementation, using GECO-Green Energy COmmunity project, as a case study. In particular, the in-depth qualitative analysis of the project from a social and technical perspective is provided. The GECO Project is active in the districts of Pilastro and Roveri, Bologna, Italy, being implemented by a consortium including the Energy and Sustainable Development Agency (AESS), the National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA) and the University of Bologna (UniBo). Our findings show the potential interconnections among the development of an ECs and SDGs, especially goals 7, 11, 12 and 13. Placing ECs and prosumers at the centre of the international debate may deliver a more sustainable paradigm in the energy sector, in line with the climate change needs and community approaches.","PeriodicalId":37022,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Ecology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61022476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2