Proceedings of the 29th ACM Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video最新文献

A new adaptation lever in 360° video streaming 一个新的适应杠杆在360°视频流

Proceedings of the 29th ACM Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video Pub Date : 2019-06-21 DOI: 10.1145/3304112.3325610

L. Sassatelli, M. Winckler, Thomas Fisichella, Ramon Aparicio, A. Pinna-Dery

{"title":"A new adaptation lever in 360° video streaming","authors":"L. Sassatelli, M. Winckler, Thomas Fisichella, Ramon Aparicio, A. Pinna-Dery","doi":"10.1145/3304112.3325610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3304112.3325610","url":null,"abstract":"Despite exciting prospects, the development of 360° videos is persistently hindered by the difficulty to stream them. To reduce the data rate, existing streaming strategies adapt the video rate to the user's Field of View (FoV), but the difficulty of predicting the FoV and persistent lack of bandwidth are important obstacles to achieve best experience. In this article we exploit the recent findings on human attention in VR to introduce a new additional degree of freedom for the streaming algorithm to leverage: Virtuall Walls (VWs) are designed to translate bandwidth limitation into a new type of impairment allowing to preserve the visual quality by subtly limiting the user's freedom in well-chosen periods. We carry out experiments with 18 users and confirm that, if the VW is positioned after the exploration phase in scenes with concentrated saliency, a substantial fraction of users seldom perceive it. With a double-stimulus approach, we show that, compared with a reference with no VW consuming the same amount of data, VW can improve the quality of experience. Simulation of different FoV-based streaming adaptations with and without VW show that VW enables reduction in stalls and increases quality in FoV.","PeriodicalId":368888,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 29th ACM Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132024522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

TAMF: towards personalized time-aware recommendation for over-the-top videos TAMF:为顶级视频提供个性化的时间感知推荐

Proceedings of the 29th ACM Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video Pub Date : 2019-06-21 DOI: 10.1145/3304112.3325606

Zhanpeng Wu, Yipeng Zhou, Di Wu, Min Chen, Yuedong Xu

{"title":"TAMF: towards personalized time-aware recommendation for over-the-top videos","authors":"Zhanpeng Wu, Yipeng Zhou, Di Wu, Min Chen, Yuedong Xu","doi":"10.1145/3304112.3325606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3304112.3325606","url":null,"abstract":"Confronting with the sheer amount of Over-the-Top (OTT) videos, personalized recommendation is especially important for users to locate videos of interest. However, previous approaches seldom considered the influence of watching time when designing video recommendation algorithms. In this paper, we first conduct a detailed measurement study on a leading OTT video service provider in China and our results show that user view preferences are substantially influenced by watching time. Based on the above results, we further propose a personalized time-aware video recommendation algorithm called TAMF for OTT videos. The basic idea of our proposed TAMF algorithm is to utilize matrix factorization to unveil how watching time affects user view interests and cluster time slots with similar influence. In this way, we can collaboratively learn users' personal interests if their views belong to the same cluster, and precisely capture user view preferences with watching time. Finally, we also conduct extensive experiments using real traces to evaluate the performance of our algorithm, and the experimental results show that our proposed algorithm can improve video recommendation performance by 4.83% and 4.42% in terms of WMRR and WMAP respectively and significantly boost user engagement.","PeriodicalId":368888,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 29th ACM Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133885961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Transitions of viewport quality adaptation mechanisms in 360 degree video streaming 360度视频流中视口质量适应机制的转换

Proceedings of the 29th ACM Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video Pub Date : 2019-06-21 DOI: 10.1145/3304112.3325609

Christian Koch, Arne-Tobias Rak, M. Zink, R. Steinmetz, Amr Rizk

{"title":"Transitions of viewport quality adaptation mechanisms in 360 degree video streaming","authors":"Christian Koch, Arne-Tobias Rak, M. Zink, R. Steinmetz, Amr Rizk","doi":"10.1145/3304112.3325609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3304112.3325609","url":null,"abstract":"Virtual reality has been gaining popularity in recent years fueled by the proliferation of affordable consumer-grade devices such as Oculus Rift, HTC Vive, and Samsung VR. Amongst the various VR applications, 360° video streaming is currently one of the most popular ones. However, it poses a series of challenges to the serving content distribution systems. One challenge is the significantly increased bandwidth requirement for streaming such content in real time. Recent research has shown that only streaming the content that is in the user's (field-of-view) FoV in high quality can lead to strong bandwidth savings. This can be achieved by analyzing the viewers head orientation and movement based on sensor information. Alternatively, historic information from users that watched the content in the past can be considered to prefetch 360° video data in high quality assuming the viewer will direct the FoV to these areas. This paper presents a 360° video streaming system that transitions between sensor- and content-based predictive mechanisms. We evaluate the effects of our system on the Quality of Experience (QoE) of such a VR streaming system and show that the perceived quality can be increased between 50% and 80% compared to systems that only apply either one of the two approaches.","PeriodicalId":368888,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 29th ACM Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130706773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Enhancing the crowdsourced live streaming: a deep reinforcement learning approach 增强众包直播:一种深度强化学习方法

Proceedings of the 29th ACM Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video Pub Date : 2019-06-21 DOI: 10.1145/3304112.3325607

Ruixiao Zhang, Tianchi Huang, M. Ma, Haitian Pang, Xin Yao, Chenglei Wu, Lifeng Sun

引用次数: 20

A measurement study of YouTube 360° live video streaming YouTube 360°直播视频流的测量研究

Proceedings of the 29th ACM Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video Pub Date : 2019-06-21 DOI: 10.1145/3304112.3325613

Jun Yi, Shiqing Luo, Zhisheng Yan

{"title":"A measurement study of YouTube 360° live video streaming","authors":"Jun Yi, Shiqing Luo, Zhisheng Yan","doi":"10.1145/3304112.3325613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3304112.3325613","url":null,"abstract":"360° live video streaming is becoming increasingly popular. While providing viewers with enriched experience, 360° live video streaming is challenging to achieve since it requires a significantly higher bandwidth and a powerful computation infrastructure. A deeper understanding of this emerging system would benefit both viewers and system designers. Although prior works have extensively studied regular video streaming and 360° video on demand streaming, we for the first time investigate the performance of 360° live video streaming. We conduct a systematic measurement of YouTube's 360° live video streaming using various metrics in multiple practical settings. Our key findings suggest that viewers are advised not to live stream 4K 360° video, even when dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) is enabled. Instead, 1080p 360° live video can be played smoothly. However, the extremely large one-way video delay makes it only feasible for delay-tolerant broadcasting applications rather than real-time interactive applications. More importantly, we have concluded from our results that the primary design weakness of current systems lies in inefficient server processing, non-optimal rate adaptation, and conservative buffer management. Our research insight will help to build a clear understanding of today's 360° live video streaming and lay a foundation for future research on this emerging yet relatively unexplored area.","PeriodicalId":368888,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 29th ACM Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123836263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Motion-constrained tile set based 360-degree video streaming using saliency map prediction 基于运动约束贴图集的360度视频流，使用显著性地图预测

Proceedings of the 29th ACM Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video Pub Date : 2019-06-21 DOI: 10.1145/3304112.3325614

Soonbin Lee, Dongmin Jang, Jong-Beom Jeong, Eun‐Seok Ryu

{"title":"Motion-constrained tile set based 360-degree video streaming using saliency map prediction","authors":"Soonbin Lee, Dongmin Jang, Jong-Beom Jeong, Eun‐Seok Ryu","doi":"10.1145/3304112.3325614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3304112.3325614","url":null,"abstract":"In 360-degree video streaming, Most solutions are based on tile-based streaming that divides videos into tiles and streams the high-quality tiles corresponding to the user's viewport areas. However, these methods cannot transmit different combinations of tile coding efficiently. In this paper, we experimented with streaming 360-degree videos using a motion-constrained tile set (MCTS) technique that allows encoding with constraining motion vectors such that each tile can be decoded and transmitted independently. Moreover, we have used a tile-based approach using a saliency map that integrates the information of human visual attention with the contents to deliver high-quality tiles to the region of interest (ROI). We encoded the 360-degree videos at various quality representations with MCTS techniques and assigned a tile quality representation using a saliency map predicted by the existing convolutional neural network (CNN) model. We proposed a novel heuristic algorithm to assign appropriate quality to the tiles on the centerline. Consequently, mixed quality videos based on the saliency map enable efficient streaming in 360-degree videos. Using the Salient360! dataset, the proposed method shows an improvement in terms of bandwidth with little loss of viewport image quality.","PeriodicalId":368888,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 29th ACM Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124727655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Supporting untethered multi-user VR over enterprise wi-fi 通过企业wi-fi支持不受限制的多用户VR

Proceedings of the 29th ACM Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video Pub Date : 2019-06-21 DOI: 10.1145/3304112.3325605

Xing Liu, C. Vlachou, Feng Qian, Kyu-Han Kim

引用次数: 8

Bandwidth prediction in low-latency chunked streaming 低延迟分块流中的带宽预测

Proceedings of the 29th ACM Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video Pub Date : 2019-06-21 DOI: 10.1145/3304112.3325611

A. Bentaleb, C. Timmerer, A. Begen, Roger Zimmermann

引用次数: 50

Rendering multi-party mobile augmented reality from edge 从边缘渲染多方移动增强现实

Proceedings of the 29th ACM Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video Pub Date : 2019-06-21 DOI: 10.1145/3304112.3325612

Lei Zhang, Andy Sun, R. Shea, Jiangchuan Liu, Miao Zhang

{"title":"Rendering multi-party mobile augmented reality from edge","authors":"Lei Zhang, Andy Sun, R. Shea, Jiangchuan Liu, Miao Zhang","doi":"10.1145/3304112.3325612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3304112.3325612","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile augmented reality (MAR) augments a real-world environment (probably surrounding or close to the mobile user) by computer-generated perceptual information. Utilizing the emerging edge computing paradigm in MAR systems can reduce the power consumption and computation load for the mobile devices and improve responsiveness of the MAR service. Different from existing studies that mainly explored how to better enable the MAR services utilizing edge computing resources, our focus is to optimize the video generation stage of the edge-based MAR services-efficiently using the available edge computing resources to render and encode the augmented reality as video streams to the mobile clients. Specifically, for multi-party AR applications, we identify the advantages and disadvantages of two encoding schemes, namely colocated encoding and spilt encoding, and examine the trade-off between performance and scalability when the rendering and encoding tasks are colocated or split. Towards optimally placing AR video rendering and encoding in the edge, we formulate and solve the rendering and encoding task assignment problem for multi-party edge-based MAR services to maximize the QoS for the users and the edge computing efficiency. The proposed task assignment scheme is proved to be superior through extensive trace-driven simulations and experiments on our prototype system.","PeriodicalId":368888,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 29th ACM Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126284726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Client-server cooperative and fair DASH video streaming 客户端-服务器合作和公平的DASH视频流

Proceedings of the 29th ACM Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video Pub Date : 2019-06-21 DOI: 10.1145/3304112.3325604

Sa’di Altamimi, S. Shirmohammadi

{"title":"Client-server cooperative and fair DASH video streaming","authors":"Sa’di Altamimi, S. Shirmohammadi","doi":"10.1145/3304112.3325604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3304112.3325604","url":null,"abstract":"Adaptive video streaming over HTTP, such as the MPEG-DASH standard, is now widely used by video service provides to stream their videos to users. But DASH and similar methods are known to suffer from two practical challenges: on the one hand, clients use fixed heuristics that limit their ability to generalize across network conditions, making the clients unable to efficiently predict variations in new networking environments, in turn leading to more buffering. On the other hand, the absence of collaboration among DASH clients leads to unfair bandwidth allocation, and typically pushes the system to an unbalanced equilibrium point. In this paper, we propose a server-side rate adaptation method that significantly improves the fairness of network bandwidth allocation among concurrent DASH users. We formulate the problem as a Decentralized Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (Dec-POMDP) model, and use Reinforcement Learning (RL) to train two neural networks to find an optimal solution to the fairness problem. Since our solution is implemented at the server side, it requires no modifications to the widely-installed DASH clients, making our solution very practical. We show that our proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art schemes in terms of QoE-efficiency, QoE-fairness, and social welfare by as much as 16%, 21%, and 24% respectively.","PeriodicalId":368888,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 29th ACM Workshop on Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video","volume":"3 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125462690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6