Annals of Psychiatry and Treatment最新文献

{"title":"Social representations of mental illness among professionals and non-professionals illustrated with the example of schizophrenia","authors":"Góźdź Joanna","doi":"10.17352/apt.000058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/apt.000058","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: People with psychotic spectrum disorders may experience social exclusion and its negative effects, so it is important to find out the reason for this exclusion. The paper presents social representations of schizophrenia in the context of traits attributed to persons suffering from schizophrenia as compared to healthy persons by groups of non-professionals and professionals (psychiatrists and psychologists). Method: The participants were 230 individuals aged 23-74, all with higher education. They were asked to assess to what extent 30 personality traits can be attributed to people with schizophrenia and to healthy people. Results: The results show significant interactions between the respondents’ professions and their perceptions of mental health. While all the professional groups have more negative views of people suffering from schizophrenia than of healthy people, the most negative assessments of people with schizophrenia are made by non-professionals. There is a significant interaction between one’s profession and perception of mental health as regards positive traits. Only the group of non-professionals considered the level of positive traits displayed by people with schizophrenia as lower than the level displayed by mentally healthy people. Furthermore, non-professionals assessed mentally healthy people more positively than did both groups of professionals. Conclusion: People with schizophrenia may experience negative effects of exclusion. The research results presented in this paper provide the starting point for explaining the reasons for this. The study indicates a tendency to stigmatize schizophrenics, which is most visible in the attribution of less positive features to them compared to healthy people. This mainly applies to non-professionals. The results indicate the need to conduct educational programs and campaigns about mental illnesses, available to the entire society. Educational efforts aimed at the entire society should provide detailed information about mental illnesses like schizophrenia. Education is the basis for shaping and modifying society’s beliefs about people with mental illnesses.","PeriodicalId":368745,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychiatry and Treatment","volume":"18 49","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140240571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suspicion of autoimmune limbic encephalitis in post COVID-19 vaccine","authors":"AK Ayankola, ED Olukanni, O. Ogunwobi","doi":"10.17352/apt.000057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/apt.000057","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Empirical studies have so far demonstrated associations between COVID-19 and psychiatric manifestations. Research is still ongoing to know more about this novel virus responsible for the COVID-19 Infection. Several strains of the COVID-19 Vaccines were developed at the peak of the pandemic to combat this great challenge to human health and life with each vaccine having its own unique characteristics. It is established that autoimmune reactions could occur following vaccinations or viral infections. This case is presented to point attention toward the possibility of psychiatric symptoms arising as post-COVID-19 Vaccine autoimmune-related reactions. Case presentation: A Nigerian woman in her 50s with 1st episode of psychiatric disorder is reported here. She was mentally stable until day 2 of receiving the 2nd dose of the Astra Zeneca COVID-19 vaccine. She developed symptoms with a similar profile with a diagnosis of mania with psychotic symptoms, with a differential diagnosis of an organic psychotic disorder. All symptoms resolved within 2 weeks of commencement of treatment. In addition, there was a preceding history of a mild fever and cough following the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine which spontaneously resolved giving way to the psychiatric symptoms manifestations. All these raise the index of suspicion that there could have been an autoimmune limbic encephalitis precipitated by the COVID-19 Vaccine administration. Important discussion points: The coincidence of 1st episode of Bipolar affective symptoms at the mid-life stage, preceded by 2 days of COVID-19 vaccine and genetic predisposition in the reported case calls for attention. Studies have shown that the COVID-19 vaccine may induce autoimmune conditions such as myocarditis, thrombotic thrombocytopenia, and IgA vasculitis. These reactions are commoner in middle-aged Females. Susceptibility to these reactions has a strong association with genetic predisposition and the limbic region of the brain that controls human emotions is a highly susceptible area. Thus, the COVID-19 vaccine autoimmune response may be an epiphenomenon in an individual with a likely risk of mental illness. Conclusion: This report could represent a rare occurrence. Also, the absence of needed investigative results caused by financial and logistic constraints could hamper making the obvious conclusions of a temporal relationship between the COVID-19 vaccine and post-vaccination affective disturbance. It is however worthy of note that this is an important study area to look into for future research work.","PeriodicalId":368745,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychiatry and Treatment","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140248251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy-related psychological reactions among pregnant women followed-up at the Mermoz improved health post","authors":"Wade Racky, Camara Momar, Nwachukwu Christopher Chinwuba, Koundoul Adama, Faye Pape Lamine, Ndiaye Ndongo Ndeye Diale, S. Aida","doi":"10.17352/apt.000056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/apt.000056","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The bodily and psychological changes of pregnancy can be a source of well-being, but also of vulnerability and psychological suffering. The aim of this study was to investigate pregnancy-related psychological reactions in Senegalese pregnant women. Methodology: This was a prospective, descriptive, and analytical study of pregnant women attended at the Mermoz Health Post in Dakar, Senegal from October 04, 2022, to December 26, 2022. We studied psychological reactions using the Brief Pregnancy Experience Scale, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21, the Marital Support Scale, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Results: The emotional experience of pregnancy was intense for both positive and negative pregnancy-related elements. Nonetheless, elements perceived as positive were more frequent and more intense. The prevalence of stress symptoms was 25%, depressive symptoms 53%, and anxiety symptoms 75%. The negative psychological impact was closely linked to risk factors such as young age, singlehood, low pregnancy experience (gestational age and parity), and low marital support. Also, low self-esteem in 53.1% of our population was correlated with low marital support. Conclusion: Most pregnant women report a positive pregnancy experience, but this positive feeling does not exclude high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression.","PeriodicalId":368745,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychiatry and Treatment","volume":"44 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140475822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The golden gate bridge barrier is completed","authors":"Blaustein Mel, Bedrock A","doi":"10.17352/apt.000055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/apt.000055","url":null,"abstract":"The Golden Gate Bridge will finally erect a barrier at the end of this year. The death toll since its completion in 1937 is about 2000. Two a month still jump to their deaths. The bridge is tragically known as the number one suicide site in the world.","PeriodicalId":368745,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychiatry and Treatment","volume":"18 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138984569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual reality in the treatment of anxiety and chronic neuropathic pain. Preliminary study","authors":"Muriel-Fernández J, Villoria C Muriel, S. Mj, G. Jm, L. Jm","doi":"10.17352/apt.000054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/apt.000054","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pain and anxiety caused by prolonged treatment of neuropathic pain can result in discomfort for patients. Virtual Reality (VR) is a technology that is capable of entertaining and distracting the user. Among its many applications, we find the improvement of pain management and the reduction of anxiety in patients undergoing medical treatment. Objective: We aim to publish the protocol of a clinical trial for the reduction of pain and anxiety after a couple of VR sessions in patients with neuropathic pain that is difficult to treat. Methods: An observational, analytical, and prospective study was conducted. Virtual Reality (VR) was employed as a technique aimed at reducing pain and anxiety, twice a week for 30 days, as a complement to pharmacological treatment. Pain was assessed using the ‘Pain Detect’ questionnaire and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), while anxiety was evaluated through the Goldberg Scale. Results: The preliminary results indicate that immersive virtual reality therapy is a promising alternative treatment for challenging-to-treat neuropathic pain. Without side effects, an appealing feature of VR therapy. Conclusion: Virtual reality can be a useful tool for patients who present with neuropathic pain that is resistant to conventional treatments that generate pain and anxiety.","PeriodicalId":368745,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychiatry and Treatment","volume":"102 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139238895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The productive skill of requesting in children with Down syndrome: A case study","authors":"Gordani Yahya, Ezhdehakosh Mahnaz","doi":"10.17352/apt.000053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/apt.000053","url":null,"abstract":"The present case study aimed to investigate the nature of making requests by a child with Down Syndrome (DS) who has never received any medical intervention. To this aim, more than 180 hours of observation of a four-year-old male case in the field, together with interviews of parents and a relative, were analyzed qualitatively. Findings demonstrated a strong enthusiasm by the DS child to get involved in social communication. Although the DS child did not clearly understand the context of communication in terms of the rules for manner (mainly politeness and face), and he also lacked a sound understanding of the social functions to negotiate the meaning, he could differentiate among different settings in which there is need for a range of communication degrees. With mental and physiological issues contributing to problems with language production, the case had developed a limited repertoire, including voices, some fixed words or expressions, and mostly gestures to help him make requests. On the other hand, the child demonstrated good receptive skills; he could perceive the illocutionary force behind requests. However, if the sentence got a bit complicated in terms of pragmatics, he would become confused and prefer to stay silent rather than trying to insist on another response. It is hoped that by providing a good education for these children in a place where they are socially welcomed, they can forge useful relationships with their peers and take positive actions to become socially mature and be good community members.","PeriodicalId":368745,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychiatry and Treatment","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139242784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perrotta Hypersexuality Questionnaire (PeHy-Q): Development, regulation and validation of a new psychometric instrument for the diagnosis of hypersexuality","authors":"Perrotta Giulio","doi":"10.17352/apt.000051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/apt.000051","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The clinically relevant condition of hypersexuality is to date nebulous in its definition, and although it is understood as a psychological and behavioural alteration as a result of which sexually motivated stimuli are inappropriately sought and often experienced in a way that is not entirely satisfactory, it is unclear whether it is an obsessive disorder or is a trait of a more complex personality disorder or a consequence arising from a medical condition, whether primary or secondary. Methods: Using the Perrotta Hypersexuality Global Spectrum of Gradation (PH-GSS) as a model, the clinical and control population was selected to validate a new psychometric test, then compared with the Sexual Addiction Screening Test (SAST-R, v. 2.0). Results: Statistical analysis showed that the new psychometric test has a well-defined and stable construct (R = 0.975; p = 0.000), the variables are well represented (R = 0.999; p = 0.000) and it is positively correlated with the other constructs already validated (R = 0.951; p = 0.000). Conclusions: Perrotta Hypersexuality Questionnaire (PeHy-Q) is a valid, efficient, and effective psychometric tool to diagnose the clinically relevant condition of hypersexuality to improve the structural and functional framing of the patient and the appropriate therapy to pursue.","PeriodicalId":368745,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychiatry and Treatment","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124903874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Perrotta-Marciano questionnaire on the grade of awareness of one’s deviant and criminal behaviors” (ADCB-Q-2) and the “Criminal Spectre”: Development, Updates, Regulation, and Validation of a new psychometric instrument","authors":"Perrotta Giulio, M. Antonio, Piccininno Domenico","doi":"10.17352/apt.000052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/apt.000052","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Absent in the literature is the category of “criminal spectre” as a macro container that includes all those deviant, antisocial, and psychopathic behaviors, thereby generating confusion and interpretative distortions, as in the case of antisociality and psychopathy among them considered in some cases as synonyms. Methods: Updated the Perrotta-Marciano Questionnaire on the state of awareness of one’s deviant and criminal behaviors (ADCB-Q), from 30 items to 40 items and with 2 subscales to differentiate deviant from antisocial behaviors (ADCB-Q-2), to make comparisons with the Deviant Behavior Variety Scale (DBVS) and the Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R). Results: Statistical analysis showed that the second edition of the test has a well-defined and stable construct (R = 0.999; p ≤ 0.001), and is positively correlated with the other 2 compared tests, the DBVS (R = 0.943) and the PCL-R (R = 0.966). A comparison of comparable items returned an R = 0.999 with a 99.9% equal value. Conclusion: Defining the “criminal spectre” as a dysfunctional pattern consisting of a clinically relevant cross-cutting condition in which the subject manifests deviant, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic, antisocial, and psychopathic behaviors, the Perrotta-Marciano Questionnaire on the State of Awareness of One’s Deviant and Criminal Behaviors (ADCB-Q-2) is a valid, efficient, effective and stable psychometric tool to identify in behavioral profiles all the behaviors that fall within the “criminal spectrum”.","PeriodicalId":368745,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychiatry and Treatment","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123085592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sports Preferences in children and adolescents in psychiatric care – evaluation of a new Questionnaire (SPOQ)","authors":"Breido Florian, Stumm Sebastian, Jenetzky Ekkehart, Huss Michael","doi":"10.17352/apt.000050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/apt.000050","url":null,"abstract":"Background: As part of an exploratory and hypothesis-generating study, the Sports Preference Questionnaire (SPOQ) was developed to survey the athletic behavior of mentally ill children and adolescents, subjectively assessing physical fitness and the perceived psychological effects of physical activity. Methods: In a department of child and adolescent psychiatry, 313 patients (6 years - 18 years) were classified according to their primary psychiatric diagnosis. The patients or - in the parental version of the questionnaire - their parents reported their sports preferences on the SPOQ. As possibly influential factors, also the frequency of physical activity, the importance of a trainer, coping with everyday life through physical activity, and subjectively perceived physical fitness were assessed. Results: One in 3 patients stated that they were not physically active. Patients diagnosed with eating disorders reported, on average, a notably high frequency and degree of coping with daily life through physical activity. Patients with anxiety disorders and depression had the lowest self-perception of physical fitness. The presence of a trainer was generally considered very unimportant, but not in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) patients. Conclusion: The SPOQ is sensitive to differential effects of core child and adolescent disorders as well as to main covariates influencing the complex association between physical activity and emotional and behavioral disorders in children and adolescents. Based on this pilot study, the need for an efficacy study to measure the effects of sports therapy was discussed.","PeriodicalId":368745,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychiatry and Treatment","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115114195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mixed-methods study protocol on the psychosocial health of stroke survivors and their informal carers (CARESS): experiences, needs and quality of life","authors":"Moura Ana, Teixeira Filipa, Nogueira Conceição, Henriques Ana, Freitas Cláudia de, Alves Elisabete","doi":"10.17352/apt.000048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17352/apt.000048","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Surviving a stroke and caring for a survivor, impacts individuals’ psychological health and quality of life, which may impose substantial costs on healthcare and social systems. This study aims to understand and explore the psychological health, experiences, needs and quality of life of Portuguese stroke survivors and their informal carers. Methods and analysis: This is a mixed-methods, observational study. The methodological strategy relies on 1) scoping review; 2) questionnaires to stroke survivors hospitalized between September 2018 and August 2019 in one of the 12 Stroke Units of the Northern Region Health Administration of Portugal and their informal carers, 18-24 months after the event (1775 survivors and 443 carers); and 3) semi-structured interviews to a subsample of stroke survivors (n = 49) and informal carers (n = 37); and 4) think tanks with stakeholders involved in the stroke rehabilitation process, namely stroke survivors, informal carers, researchers, and health and social professionals (n = 45). Descriptive and inferential statistics will be used to analyze the quantitative data, and content and interpretational analysis will be implemented to assess qualitative data. Ethics and dissemination: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committees of all the hospitals involved. The expected dissemination actions are effective tools in designing strategies that aim to promote knowledge on a needs-driven, socioethical sensitive basis, which will contribute to the implementation of a model of coproduction of health in the context of post-stroke care.","PeriodicalId":368745,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Psychiatry and Treatment","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122849723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}