Sociology of Development最新文献_第3页

Insider–Outsider Politics and Support for Universal Health Coverage in Low- and Middle-Income Countries 中低收入国家的内外政治和对全民健康覆盖的支持

IF 1.2

Sociology of Development Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1525/sod.2021.0028

Ashley M. Fox, Megan M. Reynolds

{"title":"Insider–Outsider Politics and Support for Universal Health Coverage in Low- and Middle-Income Countries","authors":"Ashley M. Fox, Megan M. Reynolds","doi":"10.1525/sod.2021.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/sod.2021.0028","url":null,"abstract":"When and why does the public support redistributive policies that seek to provide social risk protection through universal health financing? One central political dilemma in establishing systems of universal health coverage (UHC) in low- and middle-income countries is the small tax base available to contribute to pooled financing of healthcare. Middle-class workers in the formal sector (labor market insiders) may already get health coverage through the state or private insurers, leaving them little incentive to contribute to UHC that will primarily benefit indigent workers in the informal sector (labor market outsiders). Applying the insider–outsider politics framework, we explore attitudes toward UHC using recent data from Afrobarometer surveys in 36 countries in Sub-Saharan and North Africa. We find that, in spite of growing attention to universal coverage among policymakers, support from the average citizen is low, though variable, across countries. Further, in contrast with expectation, economically secure labor market insiders are more willing than labor market outsiders to pay more in taxes to finance health coverage. However, support for more tax financing of health services was dependent on trust in government and perceptions of government efficacy. Trust in the government’s capacity to use tax financing effectively may be a more important determinant of support for UHC than rational self-interest.","PeriodicalId":36869,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66954077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strength in Numbers or Collective Frailty? The Organizational Capacity of Microenterprises 人数优势还是集体劣势?微型企业的组织能力

IF 1.2

Sociology of Development Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1525/sod.2021.0037

Steven Samford

{"title":"Strength in Numbers or Collective Frailty? The Organizational Capacity of Microenterprises","authors":"Steven Samford","doi":"10.1525/sod.2021.0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/sod.2021.0037","url":null,"abstract":"Consensus holds that large businesses and their organizations can exert significant political influence; however, our understanding of how microenterprises and their organizations wield influence—or not—lags far behind. In fact, scholars have drawn opposing conclusions about microenterprises’ organizational capacity to shape policy. One view is that small firms face barriers to collective action and are incapable of effectively advocating for policies that suit them. An alternative view is that they are sufficiently influential to stymie the implementation of unfavorable policies outright. This paper refines our understanding of the organizational influence of microenterprises by arguing that these two views are not incompatible. By distinguishing (1) between “defiant” and “negotiated” behaviors and (2) between advocacy at local and national levels, I make the case that clusters of microenterprises can be both effective at resisting policy intervention at the local level and unable to bring political pressure on national policymaking. Focusing on the area of environmental and labor regulation, I present schematic descriptions of this dynamic in three industries that are dominated by geographically clustered microenterprises in Mexico: brickmaking, leather tanning, and ceramics production.","PeriodicalId":36869,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66954164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Autopsy of an International Alternative Break 国际另类断裂的解剖

IF 1.2

Sociology of Development Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1525/sod.2021.0012

Maya FarrHenderson, Amy A. Quark

{"title":"Autopsy of an International Alternative Break","authors":"Maya FarrHenderson, Amy A. Quark","doi":"10.1525/sod.2021.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/sod.2021.0012","url":null,"abstract":"International volunteering has become a popular way for students to travel, engage in rewarding service, and build credentials of global citizenship for a competitive job market. In this context, we explore a puzzling phenomenon: why would a group of students choose to end a seemingly successful international volunteer program legitimized by affirmation from their community partner in the global South, their peers, and their institution? Research has shown that international volunteering organizations, and development organizations more broadly, are resilient, even amid critique, as they continually reconstruct their legitimacy vis-à-vis donors. We argue, however, that student volunteer organizations that intentionally foster reflexivity in development work may choose organizational demise after grappling with the tensions inherent in international alternative breaks. These volunteer programs train students in critical perspectives on international development, yet the institutional conditions under which they operate, as well as some of their implicit neoliberal assumptions, frustrate the realization of this critique in practice. Students develop critical and neoliberal anxieties that lead them not only to indict the moral legitimacy of the organization but also to reject the credentials and career paths of global citizenship they initially sought to attain.","PeriodicalId":36869,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66953349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Fitting Process 拟合过程

IF 1.2

Sociology of Development Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1525/sod.2021.0016

Jacinto Cuvi, Kimsa Maradan

引用次数: 2

Distinguishing between Old and New Developmental Idealism and among Beliefs about Correlation, Causation, and Expectations 新旧发展理想主义的区别及相关、因果和期望信念的区别

IF 1.2

Sociology of Development Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1525/sod.2021.0030

Serap Kavas, A. Thornton

{"title":"Distinguishing between Old and New Developmental Idealism and among Beliefs about Correlation, Causation, and Expectations","authors":"Serap Kavas, A. Thornton","doi":"10.1525/sod.2021.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/sod.2021.0030","url":null,"abstract":"Using data from a national survey of urban Turks, we examine whether people report an understanding and acceptance of developmental idealism (DI) messages about the relationship between development and family characteristics. We examine two different aspects of DI, which the recent literature distinguish as original DI versus new DI. An important contribution of our paper is its focus on a detailed conceptualization and measurement of DI. We constructed six different scales that crosscut the original-versus-new distinction and the dimensions of correlation, causation, and expectations. We find that the vast majority of Turks endorse most DI beliefs, with variations in responses between the original and new aspects. Our analyses also suggest that region of residence, ethnicity, education, marriage and fertility, age, gender, and secularism are substantially, in some cases unexpectedly, related to DI beliefs. More educated people generally endorse DI less than those with less education, and the effects of marital and fertility status are also in a direction different from our theoretical predictions. Furthermore, the estimated effects of the explanatory variables on DI vary across the six scales, providing evidence that understanding and acceptance of DI beliefs vary by the original-versus-new distinction and across the three dimensions. Thus, this work provides evidence that DI is not a unified package of ideas but a network of schemas related to each other with varying strength.","PeriodicalId":36869,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66954153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Critical Mass and Critical Representation 临界质量和临界代表性

IF 1.2

Sociology of Development Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1525/sod.2020.0045

C. Reilly, Junmin Wang

{"title":"Critical Mass and Critical Representation","authors":"C. Reilly, Junmin Wang","doi":"10.1525/sod.2020.0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/sod.2020.0045","url":null,"abstract":"Women’s critical mass helps change male-dominated cultures and promote women’s career advancement, but its effects vary across organizational domains and are sometimes constrained by persistent gender structures and power relationships inside and outside workplaces. By analyzing a nationally representative sample of China’s private companies, this study examines how women’s representation, not only in sheer numbers but also in certain powerful positions (e.g., owners or shareholders), affects women’s leadership potential. Despite evidence of positive trends in women’s leadership in the Chinese corporate context, women’s representation has been hamstrung by institutional legacies (e.g., partial state ownership). The effects of women’s representation also differ by industrial sector. Women are more likely to reach senior management in low-tech, labor-intensive industries, where women dominate the workforce, than in industries with higher technological demands, where men dominate the workforce. Women owners or shareholders matter more for the promotion of women CEOs in higher-tech companies. Our study contributes to the literature on gendered organizations by offering insights on how transitional institutional forces and large industrial systems converge and interact with women’s representation to affect their upward occupational trajectory in developing contexts.","PeriodicalId":36869,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66953330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fragmenting Urban Movements 支离破碎的城市运动

IF 1.2

Sociology of Development Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1525/sod.2021.0027

Marcel Paret

引用次数: 0

Nepal’s Post-Earthquake Development Surge 尼泊尔震后发展激增

IF 1.2

Sociology of Development Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1525/sod.2021.0021

Tracy Fehr

{"title":"Nepal’s Post-Earthquake Development Surge","authors":"Tracy Fehr","doi":"10.1525/sod.2021.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1525/sod.2021.0021","url":null,"abstract":"This article expands the sociology of development literature by unpacking how the influx of hundreds of NGOs and INGOs following Nepal’s 2015 earthquakes operated as an unprecedented “post-disaster development surge.” Reframing reconstruction as development renders visible the linkages, continuations, and ruptures between the post-earthquake reconstruction and the existing development paradigm in Nepal. This study draws on qualitative research conducted in two districts severely affected by the earthquakes to examine the local unintended consequences of reconstruction through a critical development lens. I find that post-earthquake reconstruction in Nepal was embedded within broader historical, political, cultural, and social relations of development that significantly shaped the reconstruction process and its unintended outcomes. The research suggests that Nepal’s post-earthquake development surge produced two paradoxical effects at the local level: it accentuated practices and scales of power previously defined by development, and it catalyzed shifting expectations and furthered the questioning of prevailing development doxa. These findings provide key insights to inform future post-disaster reconstruction efforts and mitigate unintended consequences at the local level.","PeriodicalId":36869,"journal":{"name":"Sociology of Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66953477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

¿Agua para todos? Differences in Access to Clean Water and a Bathroom at Home by Ethno-Racial Characteristics in Contemporary Peru Agua para todos?当代秘鲁在获得清洁水和家庭浴室方面的种族特征差异

IF 1.2

Sociology of Development Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1525/sod.2021.0044

Cristian L. Paredes, Kyle Woolley

引用次数: 1

Corrigendum of Article: “Mobile Phones and Attitudes toward Women’s Participation in Politics: Evidence from Africa,” Sociology of Development, 2022, 8(1): 1–37. 文章更正:“手机与女性参政态度:来自非洲的证据”，发展社会学，2022,8(1):1 - 37。

IF 1.2

Sociology of Development Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1525/sod.2022.0610

Carlotta Varriale, L. Pesando, R. Kashyap, V. Rotondi

引用次数: 0