Safety最新文献 - Book学术

Enhancing System Safety and Reliability through Integrated FMEA and Game Theory: A Multi-Factor Approach 通过综合 FMEA 和博弈论提高系统安全性和可靠性：多因素方法

IF 1.9

Safety Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.3390/safety10010004

Mohammad Yazdi

{"title":"Enhancing System Safety and Reliability through Integrated FMEA and Game Theory: A Multi-Factor Approach","authors":"Mohammad Yazdi","doi":"10.3390/safety10010004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/safety10010004","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to address the limitations of traditional Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) in managing safety and reliability within complex systems characterized by interdependent critical factors. We propose an integrated framework that combines FMEA with the strategic decision-making principles of Game Theory, thereby enhancing the assessment and mitigation of risks in intricate environments. The novel inclusion of the Best Worst Method (BWM) and Pythagorean fuzzy uncertain linguistic variables refines the accuracy of risk evaluation by overcoming the inherent deficiencies of conventional FMEA approaches. Through sensitivity analysis, the framework’s efficacy in identifying and prioritizing failure modes is empirically validated, guiding the development of targeted interventions. The practical application of our methodology is demonstrated in a comprehensive healthcare system analysis, showcasing its versatility and significant potential to improve operational safety and reliability across various sectors. This research is particularly beneficial for systems engineers, risk managers, and decision-makers seeking to fortify complex systems against failures and their effects.","PeriodicalId":36827,"journal":{"name":"Safety","volume":"266 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

General Knowledge and Attitudes about Safety and Emergency Evacuation: The Case of a Higher Education Institution 关于安全和紧急疏散的常识和态度：一所高等教育机构的案例

IF 1.9

Safety Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.3390/safety10010003

Carlos Carvalhais, Ricardo Dias, Carla Costa, Manuela V. Silva

{"title":"General Knowledge and Attitudes about Safety and Emergency Evacuation: The Case of a Higher Education Institution","authors":"Carlos Carvalhais, Ricardo Dias, Carla Costa, Manuela V. Silva","doi":"10.3390/safety10010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/safety10010003","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of a safety culture and awareness of emergency issues in buildings has been growing in more developed societies. It is essential that all occupants know how to act in an emergency situation, particularly during an emergency evacuation. In higher education institutions (HEIs), which annually host not only their many employees, but also national and international students, it is essential to know and understand the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors that the academic community demonstrates in this matter. This study aimed to characterize the perception of occupants regarding safety, specifically in the emergency evacuation phase, within the academic community of an HEI. In this observational cross-sectional study, data on general knowledge and attitudes regarding safety and actions during emergency situations were collected through an anonymous questionnaire targeting students, faculty, and non-teaching staff, which was sent via institutional email. Valid responses were received from 392 participants and then scored and assessed on different domains. The results obtained showed that, despite a reasonable average regarding the general level of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of the occupants on the subject, the community falls somewhat short in terms of training. It is noteworthy that approximately 64% of the sample has never received awareness or training related to emergency evacuation, and around 68% are unaware of the location of their institution’s meeting/gathering point. Finally, by identifying the most common gaps, namely the training dimension, some simple measures could be improved, such as the dissemination of safety instructions accessible through QR codes placed in strategic locations or even conducting small drills during class sessions, as well as learning with simulation concerning different scenarios of emergency.","PeriodicalId":36827,"journal":{"name":"Safety","volume":"8 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138948321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simultaneous Enhancement of Welder Health and Aluminum Weld Joint Quality Using Controlled Welding Room Condition 利用受控焊接室条件同时提高焊工健康水平和铝焊接接头质量

IF 1.9

Safety Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.3390/safety10010002

N. Muhayat, Rizki Dwi Ardika, Andi M. Kadir, E. P. Budiana, Triyono Triyono

{"title":"Simultaneous Enhancement of Welder Health and Aluminum Weld Joint Quality Using Controlled Welding Room Condition","authors":"N. Muhayat, Rizki Dwi Ardika, Andi M. Kadir, E. P. Budiana, Triyono Triyono","doi":"10.3390/safety10010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/safety10010002","url":null,"abstract":"Aluminum alloy is crucial for lightweight and fuel-efficient vehicles due to its strength, lightness, and corrosion resistance. However, welding aluminum vehicle parts poses challenges, particularly porosity issues caused by trapped hydrogen gas in the weld metal. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the welding room environment on the health and properties of aluminum welding joints. To achieve this, an isolated room was created, where variations in airflow velocity (1.1 m/s, 1.6 m/s, and 2.1 m/s) and temperature (19 °C, 27 °C, and 35 °C) were implemented. The fume condition of the room was assessed to determine its impact on health aspects, while bead appearance and macrostructure were evaluated to assess weld joint quality. Results revealed that higher airflow velocity and temperature reduced fume concentration in the welding room, indicating a healthier environment. However, these conditions also led to increased porosity defects and influenced the performance of the shielding gas. Additionally, higher ambient temperatures increased hydrogen solubility in the molten aluminum, exacerbating porosity issues. For optimal welder comfort and high-quality weld joints, it is recommended to maintain a low temperature and airflow velocity in the welding room, ensuring a healthier working environment while minimizing porosity defects.","PeriodicalId":36827,"journal":{"name":"Safety","volume":"52 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138950937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Control Transitions in Level 3 Automation: Safety Implications in Mixed-Autonomy Traffic 第三级自动化中的控制转换：混合自动驾驶交通中的安全问题

IF 1.9

Safety Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.3390/safety10010001

Robert Alms, Peter Wagner

引用次数: 0

Improving Functional Exercises Based on Experts’ Evaluation Weights for Emergency Responses 基于专家评估权重改进应急响应功能演练

IF 1.9

Safety Pub Date : 2023-12-15 DOI: 10.3390/safety9040092

Hung Le Tien, Nam Pham Van, Takaaki Kato

{"title":"Improving Functional Exercises Based on Experts’ Evaluation Weights for Emergency Responses","authors":"Hung Le Tien, Nam Pham Van, Takaaki Kato","doi":"10.3390/safety9040092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/safety9040092","url":null,"abstract":"Social and economic changes in Southeast Asia have caused significant changes to Vietnam’s national emergency management structure, including expanding the role of firefighters from firefighting to rescue activities in various situations. It is essential to develop methods for designing exercises to identify and address the gaps in competencies related to the new roles assigned to Vietnamese firefighters. This study aimed to develop a quantitative method to effectively arrange exercise injects. It applies the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weights of response actions in functional exercises and uses comparison methods to establish the relationship between the weights of the action types, players’ capability targets, and disaster types. The results indicate that the action type weights change when the disaster type changes, whereas the capability weights within each action type remain constant. In this study, we developed a method to adjust the exercise structure based on response action weights and to optimize the number of injects that represent each action type. This innovative approach holds great significance in exercise design, increasing the likelihood of achieving the exercise capability targets, not only in Vietnam, but also in other countries.","PeriodicalId":36827,"journal":{"name":"Safety","volume":"24 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Deep Learning Models in the Detection of Anti-Social Behaviours towards Women in Public Transport from Surveillance Videos: A Scoping Review 深度学习模型在从监控视频中检测公共交通中针对女性的反社会行为中的作用：范围审查

IF 1.9

Safety Pub Date : 2023-12-13 DOI: 10.3390/safety9040091

M. Papini, Umair Iqbal, Johan Barthelemy, Christian Ritz

{"title":"The Role of Deep Learning Models in the Detection of Anti-Social Behaviours towards Women in Public Transport from Surveillance Videos: A Scoping Review","authors":"M. Papini, Umair Iqbal, Johan Barthelemy, Christian Ritz","doi":"10.3390/safety9040091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/safety9040091","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing women’s active participation in economic, educational, and social spheres requires ensuring safe public transport environments. This study investigates the potential of machine learning-based models in addressing behaviours impacting the safety perception of women commuters. Specifically, we conduct a comprehensive review of the existing literature concerning the utilisation of deep learning models for identifying anti-social behaviours in public spaces. Employing a scoping review methodology, our study synthesises the current landscape, highlighting both the advantages and challenges associated with the automated detection of such behaviours. Additionally, we assess available video and audio datasets suitable for training detection algorithms in this context. The findings not only shed light on the feasibility of leveraging deep learning for recognising anti-social behaviours but also provide critical insights for researchers, developers, and transport operators. Our work aims to facilitate future studies focused on the development and implementation of deep learning models, enhancing safety for all passengers in public transportation systems.","PeriodicalId":36827,"journal":{"name":"Safety","volume":"57 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139004404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analyzing Near-Miss Incidents and Risky Riding Behavior in Thailand: A Comparative Study of Urban and Rural Areas 分析泰国的近距离事故和危险骑行行为：城乡地区比较研究

IF 1.9

Safety Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.3390/safety9040090

Sajjakaj Jomnonkwao, Natthaporn Hantanong, Thanapong Champahom, Chamroeun Se, V. Ratanavaraha

{"title":"Analyzing Near-Miss Incidents and Risky Riding Behavior in Thailand: A Comparative Study of Urban and Rural Areas","authors":"Sajjakaj Jomnonkwao, Natthaporn Hantanong, Thanapong Champahom, Chamroeun Se, V. Ratanavaraha","doi":"10.3390/safety9040090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/safety9040090","url":null,"abstract":"Preventing near-miss incidents is considered a proactive measure, as it aims to prevent events that have a risk of resulting in accidents. This is regarded as a vital component of building a sustainable and secure society within communities. In the present day, low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) often experience the highest fatality rates from motorcycle accidents, which frequently involve mixed traffic scenarios with other vehicles. The distinct physical characteristics and environmental conditions of roads in urban and rural areas significantly contribute to different riding behaviors. Therefore, the objective of this study is to develop a behavioral model related to near-miss incidents among motorcycle riders in both urban and rural regions using multi-group structural equation modeling (SEM). Data collected from six Thai regions via adapted MRBQ assessed control errors, violations, and safety equipment use in a sample of 2002 riders (1066 urban, 936 rural). Through parameter invariance testing, differences in factor loadings, intercepts, and structural paths were identified between urban and rural areas. All three of these factors significantly influenced near-miss incidents among motorcycle riders in both urban and rural areas. The policy recommendations resulting from this study can contribute to enhancing safety measures for motorcycle riders.","PeriodicalId":36827,"journal":{"name":"Safety","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139007419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationship between Safety Climate and Safety Behavior in Company X in Indonesia 印度尼西亚 X 公司的安全氛围与安全行为之间的关系

IF 1.9

Safety Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.3390/safety9040089

A. Hertanto, Dadan Erwandi, Baiduri Widanarko, M. Tejamaya

{"title":"Relationship between Safety Climate and Safety Behavior in Company X in Indonesia","authors":"A. Hertanto, Dadan Erwandi, Baiduri Widanarko, M. Tejamaya","doi":"10.3390/safety9040089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/safety9040089","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout 2019–2021, there was a considerable rise in total work accident cases in Indonesia, increasing from 210,789 to 234,370. According to the location of the incident, accident cases in the workplace also escalated from 139,999 to 144,929. The purpose of this study was to measure the maturity level of the safety climate at Company X in Indonesia and analyze its relationship with safety behavior. This was a quantitative study on a total of 200 respondents using a questionnaire as the data collection method. A structured questionnaire was used to capture the socio-demographic characteristics of respondents, the safety climate, and safety behavior. Respondents participated in this study by responding to the items in the questionnaire distributed. The findings of this study indicated that the maturity level of the safety climate at Company X was at the adequate level with a very strong relationship between the sub-dimensional variables and safety climate. The relationship between safety climate and safety behavior was quite strong. This study emphasized that an increase in the level of safety climate could improve safety behavior. Therefore, increasing safety climate level is effective to reduce the incidence of occupational accidents.","PeriodicalId":36827,"journal":{"name":"Safety","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139008950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Going beyond Chat: Designing Connotative Meaningful Line Stickers to Promote Road Safety in Thailand through Participatory Design 超越聊天：通过参与式设计设计具有内涵意义的线条贴纸，促进泰国的道路安全

IF 1.9

Safety Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.3390/safety9040087

Thawatphong Phithak, Pawanrat Surasangprasert, Sorachai Kamollimsakul

{"title":"Going beyond Chat: Designing Connotative Meaningful Line Stickers to Promote Road Safety in Thailand through Participatory Design","authors":"Thawatphong Phithak, Pawanrat Surasangprasert, Sorachai Kamollimsakul","doi":"10.3390/safety9040087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/safety9040087","url":null,"abstract":"Road accidents are a leading cause of death in Thailand, with increasing fatalities. Despite road safety campaigns during holidays, consistent communication is lacking in daily life. This research aimed to create Line application stickers, a top chat platform for Thailand, using the participatory design (PD) approach. PD was implemented in two steps. Firstly, 100 participants outlined character types, moods, tones, and communication objectives. They recommended lively animal characters with diverse texts, such as greetings, work, travel, and emotions. Then, through a focus group, the tortoise was identified to represent cautious drivers who follow traffic rules, the rabbit to represent fast and risky drivers, and the zebra to represent vigilant and disciplined traffic police officers as characters for Line stickers. Subsequently, using the semiotics approach, 40 Line stickers were designed, and embedded with denotative and connotative road safety messages. Secondly, feedback from the focus group, integral to the PD process, led to refinements. After launching, a survey of 50 users showed “Benefits Received”, “Text and Messages”, and “Meaning” dimensions received “Very Satisfied/Strongly Agree” ratings. The “Character” dimension received a “Satisfied” rating. The results for “Benefits Received” can also be analyzed in the context of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) theory, which revealed that K and A were at the highest level, while P was at a high level. This suggests that the Line stickers designed in this study effectively conveyed road safety messages to the receivers. This research constitutes the pioneering exploration within the realm of Line stickers concerning road safety, signifying the originality and unique contribution of our research to the existing body of knowledge in this domain. The PD process in this research can serve as a guideline for creating safety-promoting media in diverse fields.","PeriodicalId":36827,"journal":{"name":"Safety","volume":"54 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138593215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Linking Deployment Outcomes to Program Impacts for Mobile Photo Enforcement 将移动图片执法的部署成果与计划影响联系起来

IF 1.9

Safety Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.3390/safety9040088

Samaa Agina, Faeze Momeni Rad, Karim El-Basyouny

{"title":"Linking Deployment Outcomes to Program Impacts for Mobile Photo Enforcement","authors":"Samaa Agina, Faeze Momeni Rad, Karim El-Basyouny","doi":"10.3390/safety9040088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/safety9040088","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research has delved into the effectiveness of Mobile Photo Enforcement (MPE) in curbing speed violations and enhancing road safety. This present study extends this investigation to explore the potential influence of MPE deployment efforts on subsequent collision occurrences. Specifically, the research team applied survival analysis techniques to examine the connection between MPE deployment variables and the duration between collisions. K-M survival estimates were employed to assess the survivability of classified groups, categorized based on deployment hours, visits, the ratio of hours to visits, and traffic count. The findings illuminated that the ratio of hours to visits emerged as the most impactful variable in prolonging the time interval between collisions and diminishing the likelihood of collisions. Notably, the anticipated reduction in collision hazards, signifying the occurrence of collisions, exhibited variations ranging from 22% to 52%. The most substantial decreases were observed when deployment occurred in high-traffic locations. These outcomes reinforce the positive impact of deployed MPE hours and visits in extending the duration between consecutive collisions, thus reducing the risk of collision occurrences.","PeriodicalId":36827,"journal":{"name":"Safety","volume":"35 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138594103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0