Food Sustainability & Security eJournal最新文献

{"title":"Environmental, Health and Safety Committee","authors":"Alan S. Gutterman","doi":"10.4324/9781003091622-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003091622-8","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental, health and safety (EH&S) issues are an important part of sustainability and a growing number of companies have implemented some form of board oversight of health and safety issues with most of them emphasizing aspects of the EH&S management systems established by the companies including compliance with company policies and related legislation and regulations. Companies have also established board level EH&S committees focusing on compliance with laws, regulations and standards; supply chain management; education and training; stakeholder engagement; transparency and disclosure; and monitoring and measuring the effectiveness of EH&S procedures.","PeriodicalId":368065,"journal":{"name":"Food Sustainability & Security eJournal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124587216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Financial and Digital Inclusion on Poverty in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Angela C. Lyons, Josephine Kass‐Hanna, Andrew J. Greenlee","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3684265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3684265","url":null,"abstract":"The United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals calls for the elimination of many global challenges related to poverty. The first Sustainable Development Goal – the elimination of poverty – targets the challenges faced by the more than 700 million people who live on less than $1.90 per day. This study uses data from the 2017 InterMedia Financial Inclusion Insights surveys to examine the relationship between poverty and financial and digital inclusion across seven developing countries in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. We find that increases in various measures of financial and digital inclusion are associated with significant reductions in poverty, including food insecurity. While the results are robust across the measures, some spatial heterogeneities are found for rural and urban populations. The most significant and consistent reductions in poverty are related to ownership and usage of traditional bank accounts. Access to and usage of non-bank financial institutions and mobile money accounts also significantly matters. Robustness checks for endogeneity and selection are conducted. The results provide strong evidence for the continued expansion of both traditional and non-traditional financial services and underscore the importance of digital financial services to support and sustain poverty reduction in developing countries.","PeriodicalId":368065,"journal":{"name":"Food Sustainability & Security eJournal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114426408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impacts of Urban Expansion on Livelihoods of the Surrounding Rural Society: The Case of Tefki Town, Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne","authors":"Gadisa Worku","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3636714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3636714","url":null,"abstract":"Urbanization is recently a rising trend seen all over the world, mostly in an upsetting rate in developing countries. Similarly, most towns in Ethiopia are recently becoming expanded towards the adjacent rural societies. The Expansions of these towns were resulted in the consuming and conversion of farm land to urban land uses and affects the agrarian livelihoods. This study is intended to assess the impacts of urban expansion on livelihoods of the society surrounding rural kebeles of Tefki town from the year 2015-2019. Specifically, the study focused on evaluating the effects of town expansion on the farmers (households) in terms of   income, the opportunities of the affected households secured from the town expansion and compensation process.  Hence, 166 expansion affected households were selected through snowball sampling, and also (5) officials from different institutions were purposively taken for key informant interview while (7) respondents from the affected farmers were selected for interview. Thus, the primary data were collected using questionnaires and interview. Secondary data have been also used to triangulate and supplement the first hand information. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20. The result showed that Tefki town rapidly expanded during the last five years as a result of population growth and industrialization. This expansion made significant effects on livelihoods of the surrounding farmers. Although they secured access to certain services, it was also brought effects like loss of agricultural land and other assets including grazing land which resulted in change of their livelihoods, and unfair compensation. This expansion has made the households of the surrounding area to lose farm land on which their livelihood used to depend on for long period of time. Every farmer has been made to lose an average of 1 hectare of their owned farm land. The grazing land of the area has been decreased because of town expansion, and thus made farmers to lack enough place of grazing for their livestock. On the other side, the compensation was not made on time for the affected farmers. The study also found out that the compensation given to the farmers was not fair, and too inadequate to sustain the livelihoods of the affected households. Therefore, a detailed potential effect assessment study should be carried out by the government and other stakeholders prior to implementing urbanization programs so as to minimize the adverse effects of urban expansion.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":368065,"journal":{"name":"Food Sustainability & Security eJournal","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127099468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Comparison of the US and EU Startup Ecosystems of Cultivated Meat","authors":"Julia Ines Schimanietz, Gilda Emilia Lukacs","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3739416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3739416","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most pressing challenges facing modern society is the need to feed the growing world’s population with increasingly limited resources. Cultivated meat has the potential to mitigate precisely this challenge, while simultaneously minimizing negative externalities such as environmental destruction. Hence, our research provides a detailed analysis of the current developments in the cultivated meat industry. Specifically, we provide an in-depth comparison of the United States and the European Union entrepreneurial ecosystems of cultivated meat. The resulting empirical findings originate from the geographic mapping of ecosystem indicators, comprising (a) cultivated meat startups, (b) investors, and (c) research institutions, and from qualitative expert interviews. The evaluation of the synthesized findings indicates that the US entrepreneurial ecosystem is more mature than the EU ecosystem and thus exhibits superior performance in most ecosystem domains. However, both ecosystems face the same core challenges. These challenges comprise the need to achieve regulatory approval, cost-parity, and open access knowledge-sharing. Consequently, we provide generalizable best practices and tailored recommendations to overcome these challenges based on the implications of the systematic analysis.","PeriodicalId":368065,"journal":{"name":"Food Sustainability & Security eJournal","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116803478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of National Food Security in a Massive Pandemic: The Case of COVID-19","authors":"Mario Arturo Ruiz Estrada","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3560998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3560998","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes the national pandemics contingency plan for any country based on the application of the minimum food, water & medication storage for a massive pandemic quota (ψ-Quota). Consequently, the main objective of the ψ-Quota is to calculate the approximate amount of food, water, and medicines storage amount annually in case of a possible massive pandemic crisis. Finally, this paper is divided into three sections: (i) the minimum food, water, and medicine quota storage calculation in case of a massive pandemic;(ii) the food, water, and medicine storage quota for a massive pandemics;(iii) the geographical distribution and mapping of the emergency aid supplier’s modules in case of a massive pandemic for any country. Finally, the ψ-Quota was applied on the case of Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":368065,"journal":{"name":"Food Sustainability & Security eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129735953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing Advances in Agricultural Technologies to Optimize Resource Utilization in the Food-Energy-Water Nexus","authors":"R. Miao, M. Khanna","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3484655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3484655","url":null,"abstract":"The food-energy-water (FEW) nexus is facing grand challenges in meeting increasing demand resulting from global changes in climate, economy, and population. Emerging technologies are expected to play a critical role in responding to these challenges. Focusing on four types of prominent emerging technologies (namely precision agriculture coupled with big data and machine learning, gene editing, second-generation biofuels, and agrivoltaics), this article reviews existing studies regarding opportunities and challenges of these emerging technologies to address issues of the FEW nexus. Drivers of innovation and adoption of these emerging technologies as well as the role of public policies that interact with these drivers are reviewed. Finally, this review also discusses research gaps that need to be filled to harness the potential benefits of these emerging technologies.","PeriodicalId":368065,"journal":{"name":"Food Sustainability & Security eJournal","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134310866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ensuring Economic Viability and Sustainability of Coffee Production","authors":"J. Sachs, K. Cordes, J. Rising, P. Toledano, N. Maennling","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3660936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3660936","url":null,"abstract":"Coffee, the world’s favorite beverage, provides livelihoods for at least 60 million people across dozens of countries. Yet this beloved drink is experiencing a sustainability crisis. A sustained decline in world coffee prices has squeezed coffee producers, and thrown a tremendous number of producers below the global extreme poverty line. This report presents our research into sustainability within the coffee sector, including the results of our analytical and empirical modeling, and provides several recommendations.","PeriodicalId":368065,"journal":{"name":"Food Sustainability & Security eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127921880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Does the Attitude to Sustainable Food Influence the Perception of Customers at the Point of Sale? - An Eye-Tracking Study","authors":"Julia Lamberz, Thorsten Litfin, Özlem Teckert, Gunther Meeh-Bunse","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3491980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3491980","url":null,"abstract":"mportance of sustainable consumption. Consumers associate sustainable products with ecological and regional production including a high credibility. In order to take advantage of this trend manufacturers of sustainable foods must communicate the sustainability of their products via packaging and displays at the point of sale. The objective of this article is to examine how the design of display elements succeeds in conveying sustainability for a new organic juice. In addition, the perception of individual design elements of sustainable products is determined. To this end, a field study was carried out in a supermarket combining eye-tracking technology with a survey of 32 customers. At the entrance, customers were asked to buy a variety of the newly introduced \"Emslander\" organic juice, and then participate in the survey. The results demonstrate that customers with a positive attitude towards sustainable food fixate individual display elements referring to sustainability components for longer and remember product features better. Hence, the positive attitude towards sustainable food results in a higher visual attention at the point of sale. These findings provide recommendations for the design of the display.","PeriodicalId":368065,"journal":{"name":"Food Sustainability & Security eJournal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114155570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"External Trade and Food Security: The Case of CEMAC Countries","authors":"Giscard Assoumou-Ella","doi":"10.12691/JFS-7-2-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12691/JFS-7-2-5","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to analyze the effect of external trade on food security in CEMAC countries during the period 1961-2017. In the early years of the independences, these countries have adopted a development model based on commodity production for export to industrialized economies. Foreign exchange from its exports should allow them to import the food products, while investing in food sector and in the others sectors needed for their development. Based on the instrumental variables method that corrects the problems of endogeneity and omitted variables, the result shows that external trade has a negative effect on food security in these countries. In fact, it has a negative impact on food production and household consumption. It also has a positive effect on the consumer price index. In addition, it does not lead to food imports. Thus, these results run counter of those of the existing literature based on the empirical studies in other developing countries that have found that foreign trade increased food security. In this context, the contribution of the study consists to providing a fresh look at the effect of foreign trade on food security. In fact, the results lead to not generalize the conclusions of the existing literature, notably in the countries of the sample. In this context, the CEMAC countries should diversify their productive structures by investing heavily in agriculture to achieve food security of their populations.","PeriodicalId":368065,"journal":{"name":"Food Sustainability & Security eJournal","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130200121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Shortage in Agricultural Supply Chains","authors":"R. Levi, S. Singhvi, Yanchong Zheng","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3332493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3332493","url":null,"abstract":"Problem definition: Price surge of essential commodities despite inventory availability, due to artificial shortage, presents a serious threat to food security in many countries. To protect consumers’ welfare, governments intervene reactively with either (i) cash subsidy, to increase consumers’ purchasing power by directly transferring cash; or (ii) supply allocation, to increase product availability by importing the commodity from foreign markets and selling it at subsidized rates. Academic/practical relevance: This paper develops a new behavioral game-theoretic model to examine the supply chain and market dynamics that engender artificial shortage as well as to analyze the effectiveness of various government interventions in improving consumer welfare. Methodology: We analyze a three-stage dynamic game between the government and the trader. We fully characterize the market equilibrium and the resulting consumer welfare under the base scenario of no government intervention as well as under each of the interventions being studied. Results: The analysis demonstrates the disparate effects of different interventions on artificial shortage; whereas supply allocation schemes often mitigate shortage, cash subsidy can inadvertently aggravate shortage in the market. Furthermore, empirical analysis with actual data on onion prices in India shows that the proposed model explains the data well and provides specific estimates on the implied artificial shortage. A counterfactual analysis quantifies the potential impacts of government interventions on market outcomes. Managerial implications: The analysis shows that reactive government interventions with supply allocation schemes can have a preemptive effect to reduce the trader’s incentive to create artificial shortage. Although cash subsidy schemes have recently gained wide popularity in many countries, we caution governments to carefully consider the strategic responses of different stakeholders in the supply chain when implementing cash subsidy schemes.","PeriodicalId":368065,"journal":{"name":"Food Sustainability & Security eJournal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130356526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}