The Water ParadoxPub Date : 2019-02-26DOI: 10.12987/9780300240573-009
{"title":"5. Reforming Governance and Institutions","authors":"","doi":"10.12987/9780300240573-009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300240573-009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":367784,"journal":{"name":"The Water Paradox","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125516328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reforming Governance and Institutions","authors":"E. Barbier","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvbnm3xq.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvbnm3xq.11","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter studies the reform of water institutions and governance. Reforming governance and institutions to meet the challenge of growing water scarcity and competing demands is at the heart of the solution to the water paradox. Water governance consists of the processes and institutions by which decisions that affect water are made. Institutions are the informal and formal rules, arising from well-established social arrangements and structures, which provide incentives and determine outcomes in both individual and collective decisions related to water development, allocation, use, and management. Important influences on water governance include legal and social institutions that protect property rights, enforce contracts, and encourage collective action for the physical and organizational infrastructure needed to manage the resource. Thus, water institutions and governance are the bedrock upon which water management is built. If the foundation of governance and institutions is strong, then good water management ensues; if it is weak, then management will collapse.","PeriodicalId":367784,"journal":{"name":"The Water Paradox","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125455188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Managing a Global Resource","authors":"E. Barbier","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvbnm3xq.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvbnm3xq.14","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on the global management of water resources. There are two pressing global issues emerging from the current water paradox: potential conflicts over transboundary water resources and “water grabbing.” To a large extent, the problems associated with water grabbing have their roots in the mismanagement of water globally. If adequate institutions, incentives, and innovation for managing freshwater were adopted worldwide, then acquiring land and water resources overseas by water-scarce countries may not have such negative consequences. Effective transboundary agreements on sharing water could reduce the incentive for powerful countries to target weaker neighbors for water grabbing. However, acquiring water and land resources overseas still needs international regulation and monitoring. One way to do this is for countries that are currently responsible for much of the water grabbing worldwide to collaborate with the main targeted countries to form an international body for overseeing large-scale global water and land acquisitions.","PeriodicalId":367784,"journal":{"name":"The Water Paradox","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125099043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Water ParadoxPub Date : 2019-02-26DOI: 10.12987/9780300240573-008
{"title":"4. A Global Crisis in Water Management","authors":"","doi":"10.12987/9780300240573-008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300240573-008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":367784,"journal":{"name":"The Water Paradox","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122110617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"INDEX","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvbnm3xq.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvbnm3xq.18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":367784,"journal":{"name":"The Water Paradox","volume":"156 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133461697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Water ParadoxPub Date : 2019-02-26DOI: 10.12987/9780300240573-010
{"title":"6. Ending the Underpricing of Water","authors":"","doi":"10.12987/9780300240573-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300240573-010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":367784,"journal":{"name":"The Water Paradox","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114701855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Humankind and Water","authors":"E. Barbier","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvbnm3xq.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvbnm3xq.8","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines how humankind's complex relationship with water evolved historically to create today's water paradox. There is a significant difference between how water is managed and used for economic development today compared to past eras. Starting with the Agricultural Transition around 10,000 years ago, economic development was spurred by harnessing more water resources. Rather than threatening sustainable development, exploiting and controlling water resources was the key to building successful and long-lasting economies. Although the relationship between exploiting water resources and economic development has changed, many of the water institutions and innovations have not. Water may appear to be cheap, but it is only artificially so. Instead, the current market, policy, and governance institutions underprice it, and so people continue to use water excessively as if it were not scarce. Most of the innovations are also geared toward expanding command and control of water resources, not toward reducing use as economies develop.","PeriodicalId":367784,"journal":{"name":"The Water Paradox","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116991784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Water ParadoxPub Date : 2019-02-26DOI: 10.12987/9780300240573-005
{"title":"1. Water as an Economic Good","authors":"","doi":"10.12987/9780300240573-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300240573-005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":367784,"journal":{"name":"The Water Paradox","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134109749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SUPPORTING INNOVATIONS","authors":"E. Barbier","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvbnm3xq.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvbnm3xq.13","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter assesses the role of innovation in averting the global water crisis. Recent technical advances—such as desalinization of saltwater, geographical information systems (GIS), and remote sensing—have the potential for managing and increasing freshwater supplies. There is also a new generation of urban water supply systems that can improve efficiency and sustainable use. Water use in agriculture, too, can benefit from a range of innovations in irrigation technologies and delivery systems. The chapter then considers the key policies and other initiatives that are necessary for prompting more economy-wide innovation in water technologies: public policies and investments that facilitate private research and development (R&D) activities of firms; overcoming the water efficiency paradox; privatization of some activities currently undertaken by public supply utilities; and initiatives by the private sector and corporations to account for water costs and risks.","PeriodicalId":367784,"journal":{"name":"The Water Paradox","volume":"188 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123014627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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