{"title":"Single-crystal x-ray diffraction at high pressures","authors":"C. Weir, S. Block, G. Piermarini","doi":"10.6028/JRES.069C.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.069C.032","url":null,"abstract":"Construc tion and ope ration or a high·pressure single·c rys lal x·ray d iffract ion precess ion camera is described . The inslrument appears app li cable to single crystal s tudi es 10 pressures as high as al least 30 kilobars a nd te mperatures or a t leas l 250 °C. Application or Ih e instrume nl is illustrated by single crystal s tudi es or ice VI and ice VII. Unit cell parame ters are given ror these Iwo rorms or ice. Further modifications a nd app lications are di scussed.","PeriodicalId":367668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section C: Engineering and Instrumentation","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126278879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Equipment for single-crystal growth from the melt suitable for substances with a low melting point","authors":"A. Horton, A. Glasgow","doi":"10.6028/JRES.069C.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.069C.023","url":null,"abstract":"Glass apparatus is described for the purification and growth of crystals \" 'ith melting points up to a bout 130 °C by a modifled Bridgman t echniquc . The tcmperatures of t he melt and the solid are mainta ined by two immiscible liquids at whose interface a sharp temperature drop ex ists. A scaled Pyrex tube conta ining the specimen is slowly lowered through t he interface . The specimen is mainta ined uncleI' its own vapor pressure in eon tact only with t he glass container . Pro vis ion is made for the removal of the last portions of the specimen t o solidify from each of several successive r ecrystallizations. The equipment has been found effective for the purification of trans-stilbene, dimethyl oxalate, benzoic acid, and benzene. It could also be used for careful studies of t hermal and ra diation st a bility of pure subsLanccs.","PeriodicalId":367668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section C: Engineering and Instrumentation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129048698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improved ten-picofarad fused silica dielectric capacitor","authors":"R. D. Cutkosky, L. H. Lee","doi":"10.6028/JRES.069C.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.069C.020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":367668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section C: Engineering and Instrumentation","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124720570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Errors in the series-parallel buildup of four-terminal resistors","authors":"C. Page","doi":"10.6028/JRES.069C.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.069C.021","url":null,"abstract":"The use of n equal resistors (a) in series and (b) in para llel provides a n n2 : 1 ratio of potentially high acc uracy. Such devices are importan t for extending t he use of t he national one-ohm standard to t he hundred-ohm, and thence to the 10 ODD-ohm, level. Formulas are derived for t he error in t he ratio, expressed (a) in t erms of de ign tolera nce, and (b) in terms of first-order residual misadj ustments which combine to yield the secondorder error of t he ratio. It seems feasible to construct a 1: 100 ohm bu ild up device with a ratio un certa inty of less than. 1 in 108.","PeriodicalId":367668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section C: Engineering and Instrumentation","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124220578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cryogenic behavior of selected magnetic materials","authors":"J. Gniewek, E. Ploge","doi":"10.6028/JRES.069C.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.069C.027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":367668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section C: Engineering and Instrumentation","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124723852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Centerable rotator for measuring properties of crystals","authors":"C. Saylor, H. Lowey","doi":"10.6028/jres.069c.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.069c.022","url":null,"abstract":"By allowing thc unsupported portion of a spindle to bc relatively long so as to extcnd from t he rim of the microscope stage a ll t he way to the axis, simple controls can be provided for centering a crystal with respect to a horizonta l axis of rotation. III the device which is described, centration can be assured within about a mi cron. The a ngle of rotation with respect to a fixed position can be read with an error not greater than 0.05 degree.","PeriodicalId":367668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section C: Engineering and Instrumentation","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116666913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cartesian diver as a density comparator","authors":"H. A. Bowman, R. Schoonover","doi":"10.6028/JRES.069C.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.069C.026","url":null,"abstract":"A hydrostat ic weighing system is described t hat provicies inciepenci (' nt valu ('s of apparent mass with a standard deviat ion of a bou t 0.2 microgra m. The ciefi ni t ion of \" inciep(, IHI<'n t\" used here includes the requirement t hat t he sample under observat ion be removed from Lhe water, dried, and recleaned between measurements. This precis ion is between one a nd two orders better than ex ist ing hydros tatic balances, a nd permits high-quali ty density measLU(,ments without r e course to large sample s izes . The system is used as a co mparator , hen ce t he absolute acc uracy of results can be no better t han t hat of t he standards used . Dntn are prese nted which were taken during experiments on two 2-gram pieces of s ingle cry s tal s ilicon, a nd the s tandard deviat ion ill dens ity of a s ingle determina tion was computed to be 4.4 X IO7 g/cm3 (0.22 ppm). The system is particularly well suited to detection of slight dens ity changes in small s ize sampl e'S. In this ser v ice, it is not subject to t he r eq uirement for high acc uracy standards. Data arc reportC'd on dens ity cha nges of abou t 50 ppm that occlllTed in a 250 m illi gram ceramic crysLal. Two independe nt determinat ions on t his change differed by only 7 percent.","PeriodicalId":367668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section C: Engineering and Instrumentation","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122321882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phase and amplitude contrast microscopy in partially coherent light","authors":"M. De, P. Mondal","doi":"10.6028/JRES.069C.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.069C.024","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the effects obt\" ined in phase contrast imagery with parLially coherent illumina tion of plmse objects. The objects chosen fol' study include simple Zernike type of periodic phase gratings of Lhe 00 form (i) A (1,)= l +i. L'l· cos wU and (ii) A (n)= l +i· ~ L'ln' cos nwn, with axial 0 1' oblique partially coherent n~l illumination. The concept of \"effective source\" has been utilized, and Lhe nonlinearit y in t he inLensity tm nsmission due to partial coherence has been analyzed in terms of \" fundamental contrasL\" and \"remnant.\"","PeriodicalId":367668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section C: Engineering and Instrumentation","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128862910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exposure time relations for Kossel microdiffraction photographs","authors":"H. Yakowitz, D. Vieth","doi":"10.6028/JRES.069C.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.069C.025","url":null,"abstract":"\" The exposure t !me for a Kossel photograph may vary from n few seconds to a few hours. Iher?f.orc, It IS des lI 'a ble to be a ble to est imate the exposure t im e for various experim enta l cond ItIOns . lIence, semlempll\"l Cal r elatIOns for the exposure t im e of a K o sel microd iffract ion ~attern have been developed. ,Equat ions a re presented for bot h t ra nsmiss ion and back l efi ec tlOn I{o sel photographs. rhc e equat ions are testcd for validity u ing t ,vo different commmc ia lly a va dable x-ray fi lms . . It I ~ shown t hat t he agreement of act ual exposure t imes WIth predIc ted exposure t imes IS valid WI t hin 10 to 15 percent.","PeriodicalId":367668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section C: Engineering and Instrumentation","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128096275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Two-terminal dielectric measurements up to 6 x 108 Hz","authors":"M. Broadhurst, A. J. Bur","doi":"10.6028/JRES.069C.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/JRES.069C.019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":367668,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Section C: Engineering and Instrumentation","volume":"187 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114200080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}